diff --git a/spring-ai-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/reader/TextReader.java b/spring-ai-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/reader/TextReader.java
index becedabfd..55bb2e2bf 100644
--- a/spring-ai-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/reader/TextReader.java
+++ b/spring-ai-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/reader/TextReader.java
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 package org.springframework.ai.reader;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URL;
 import java.nio.charset.Charset;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.util.HashMap;
@@ -45,11 +47,11 @@ public class TextReader implements DocumentReader {
 	private final Resource resource;
 
 	/**
-	 * @return Character set to be used when loading data from the
+	 * Character set to be used when loading data from the
 	 */
 	private Charset charset = StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
 
-	private Map<String, Object> customMetadata = new HashMap<>();
+	private final Map<String, Object> customMetadata = new HashMap<>();
 
 	public TextReader(String resourceUrl) {
 		this(new DefaultResourceLoader().getResource(resourceUrl));
@@ -86,6 +88,7 @@ public class TextReader implements DocumentReader {
 			// Inject source information as a metadata.
 			this.customMetadata.put(CHARSET_METADATA, this.charset.name());
 			this.customMetadata.put(SOURCE_METADATA, this.resource.getFilename());
+			this.customMetadata.put(SOURCE_METADATA, getResourceIdentifier(this.resource));
 
 			return List.of(new Document(document, this.customMetadata));
 
@@ -95,4 +98,37 @@ public class TextReader implements DocumentReader {
 		}
 	}
 
+	protected String getResourceIdentifier(Resource resource) {
+		// Try to get the filename first
+		String filename = resource.getFilename();
+		if (filename != null && !filename.isEmpty()) {
+			return filename;
+		}
+
+		// Try to get the URI
+		try {
+			URI uri = resource.getURI();
+			if (uri != null) {
+				return uri.toString();
+			}
+		}
+		catch (IOException ignored) {
+			// If getURI() throws an exception, we'll try the next method
+		}
+
+		// Try to get the URL
+		try {
+			URL url = resource.getURL();
+			if (url != null) {
+				return url.toString();
+			}
+		}
+		catch (IOException ignored) {
+			// If getURL() throws an exception, we'll fall back to getDescription()
+		}
+
+		// If all else fails, use the description
+		return resource.getDescription();
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/spring-ai-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/reader/TextReaderTests.java b/spring-ai-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/reader/TextReaderTests.java
index 64f245733..3db8952a4 100644
--- a/spring-ai-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/reader/TextReaderTests.java
+++ b/spring-ai-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/reader/TextReaderTests.java
@@ -15,26 +15,33 @@
  */
 package org.springframework.ai.reader;
 
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 import org.springframework.ai.document.Document;
 import org.springframework.ai.transformer.splitter.TokenTextSplitter;
+import org.springframework.core.io.ByteArrayResource;
 import org.springframework.core.io.DefaultResourceLoader;
+import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
 import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 
 /**
  * @author Christian Tzolov
+ * @author Mark Pollack
  */
 public class TextReaderTests {
 
-	private Resource resource = new DefaultResourceLoader().getResource("classpath:text_source.txt");
-
 	@Test
 	void loadText() {
+		Resource resource = new DefaultResourceLoader().getResource("classpath:text_source.txt");
 		assertThat(resource).isNotNull();
 		TextReader textReader = new TextReader(resource);
 		textReader.getCustomMetadata().put("customKey", "Value");
@@ -53,4 +60,49 @@ public class TextReaderTests {
 		}
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void loadTextFromByteArrayResource() {
+		// Test with default constructor
+		Resource defaultByteArrayResource = new ByteArrayResource("Test content".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+		assertThat(defaultByteArrayResource).isNotNull();
+		TextReader defaultTextReader = new TextReader(defaultByteArrayResource);
+		defaultTextReader.getCustomMetadata().put("customKey", "DefaultValue");
+
+		List<Document> defaultDocuments = defaultTextReader.get();
+
+		assertThat(defaultDocuments).hasSize(1);
+
+		Document defaultDocument = defaultDocuments.get(0);
+		assertThat(defaultDocument.getMetadata()).containsEntry("customKey", "DefaultValue")
+			.containsEntry(TextReader.CHARSET_METADATA, "UTF-8");
+
+		// Assert on the SOURCE_METADATA for default ByteArrayResource
+		assertThat(defaultDocument.getMetadata().get(TextReader.SOURCE_METADATA))
+			.isEqualTo("Byte array resource [resource loaded from byte array]");
+
+		assertThat(defaultDocument.getContent()).isEqualTo("Test content");
+
+		// Test with custom description constructor
+		String customDescription = "Custom byte array resource";
+		Resource customByteArrayResource = new ByteArrayResource(
+				"Another test content".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), customDescription);
+		assertThat(customByteArrayResource).isNotNull();
+		TextReader customTextReader = new TextReader(customByteArrayResource);
+		customTextReader.getCustomMetadata().put("customKey", "CustomValue");
+
+		List<Document> customDocuments = customTextReader.get();
+
+		assertThat(customDocuments).hasSize(1);
+
+		Document customDocument = customDocuments.get(0);
+		assertThat(customDocument.getMetadata()).containsEntry("customKey", "CustomValue")
+			.containsEntry(TextReader.CHARSET_METADATA, "UTF-8");
+
+		// Assert on the SOURCE_METADATA for custom ByteArrayResource
+		assertThat(customDocument.getMetadata().get(TextReader.SOURCE_METADATA))
+			.isEqualTo("Byte array resource [Custom byte array resource]");
+
+		assertThat(customDocument.getContent()).isEqualTo("Another test content");
+	}
+
 }
\ No newline at end of file