diff --git a/memory/repository/spring-ai-model-chat-memory-repository-jdbc/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/chat/memory/repository/jdbc/JdbcChatMemoryRepository.java b/memory/repository/spring-ai-model-chat-memory-repository-jdbc/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/chat/memory/repository/jdbc/JdbcChatMemoryRepository.java
index 14d8c2d13..f7c4b96cd 100644
--- a/memory/repository/spring-ai-model-chat-memory-repository-jdbc/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/chat/memory/repository/jdbc/JdbcChatMemoryRepository.java
+++ b/memory/repository/spring-ai-model-chat-memory-repository-jdbc/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/chat/memory/repository/jdbc/JdbcChatMemoryRepository.java
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ import org.springframework.util.Assert;
  * @author Thomas Vitale
  * @author Linar Abzaltdinov
  * @author Mark Pollack
+ * @author Yanming Zhou
  * @since 1.0.0
  */
 public final class JdbcChatMemoryRepository implements ChatMemoryRepository {
@@ -65,14 +66,14 @@ public final class JdbcChatMemoryRepository implements ChatMemoryRepository {
 
 	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JdbcChatMemoryRepository.class);
 
-	private JdbcChatMemoryRepository(DataSource dataSource, JdbcChatMemoryRepositoryDialect dialect,
+	private JdbcChatMemoryRepository(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate, JdbcChatMemoryRepositoryDialect dialect,
 			PlatformTransactionManager txManager) {
-		Assert.notNull(dataSource, "dataSource cannot be null");
+		Assert.notNull(jdbcTemplate, "jdbcTemplate cannot be null");
 		Assert.notNull(dialect, "dialect cannot be null");
-		this.jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
+		this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
 		this.dialect = dialect;
 		this.transactionTemplate = new TransactionTemplate(
-				txManager != null ? txManager : new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource));
+				txManager != null ? txManager : new DataSourceTransactionManager(jdbcTemplate.getDataSource()));
 	}
 
 	@Override
@@ -192,7 +193,18 @@ public final class JdbcChatMemoryRepository implements ChatMemoryRepository {
 		public JdbcChatMemoryRepository build() {
 			DataSource effectiveDataSource = resolveDataSource();
 			JdbcChatMemoryRepositoryDialect effectiveDialect = resolveDialect(effectiveDataSource);
-			return new JdbcChatMemoryRepository(effectiveDataSource, effectiveDialect, this.platformTransactionManager);
+			return new JdbcChatMemoryRepository(resolveJdbcTemplate(), effectiveDialect,
+					this.platformTransactionManager);
+		}
+
+		private JdbcTemplate resolveJdbcTemplate() {
+			if (this.jdbcTemplate != null) {
+				return this.jdbcTemplate;
+			}
+			if (this.dataSource != null) {
+				return new JdbcTemplate(this.dataSource);
+			}
+			throw new IllegalArgumentException("DataSource must be set (either via dataSource() or jdbcTemplate())");
 		}
 
 		private DataSource resolveDataSource() {
diff --git a/memory/repository/spring-ai-model-chat-memory-repository-jdbc/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/chat/memory/repository/jdbc/JdbcChatMemoryRepositoryBuilderTests.java b/memory/repository/spring-ai-model-chat-memory-repository-jdbc/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/chat/memory/repository/jdbc/JdbcChatMemoryRepositoryBuilderTests.java
index a6f895154..87dbfa5f0 100644
--- a/memory/repository/spring-ai-model-chat-memory-repository-jdbc/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/chat/memory/repository/jdbc/JdbcChatMemoryRepositoryBuilderTests.java
+++ b/memory/repository/spring-ai-model-chat-memory-repository-jdbc/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/chat/memory/repository/jdbc/JdbcChatMemoryRepositoryBuilderTests.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import javax.sql.DataSource;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
+import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
 import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
  * Tests for {@link JdbcChatMemoryRepository.Builder}.
  *
  * @author Mark Pollack
+ * @author Yanming Zhou
  */
 public class JdbcChatMemoryRepositoryBuilderTests {
 
@@ -224,4 +226,14 @@ public class JdbcChatMemoryRepositoryBuilderTests {
 		// for this)
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void repositoryShouldUseProvidedJdbcTemplate() throws SQLException {
+		DataSource dataSource = mock(DataSource.class);
+		JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
+
+		JdbcChatMemoryRepository repository = JdbcChatMemoryRepository.builder().jdbcTemplate(jdbcTemplate).build();
+
+		assertThat(repository).extracting("jdbcTemplate").isSameAs(jdbcTemplate);
+	}
+
 }