diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/autoconfigure/metrics/r2dbc/ConnectionPoolMetricsAutoConfiguration.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/autoconfigure/metrics/r2dbc/ConnectionPoolMetricsAutoConfiguration.java
index 931ecc9da3..fa21ac1fb0 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/autoconfigure/metrics/r2dbc/ConnectionPoolMetricsAutoConfiguration.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/autoconfigure/metrics/r2dbc/ConnectionPoolMetricsAutoConfiguration.java
@@ -46,13 +46,17 @@ import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 @AutoConfigureAfter({ MetricsAutoConfiguration.class, SimpleMetricsExportAutoConfiguration.class,
 		R2dbcAutoConfiguration.class })
 @ConditionalOnClass({ ConnectionPool.class, MeterRegistry.class })
-@ConditionalOnBean({ ConnectionPool.class, MeterRegistry.class })
+@ConditionalOnBean({ ConnectionFactory.class, MeterRegistry.class })
 public class ConnectionPoolMetricsAutoConfiguration {
 
 	@Autowired
-	public void bindConnectionPoolsToRegistry(Map<String, ConnectionPool> connectionPools, MeterRegistry registry) {
-		connectionPools.forEach((beanName,
-				connectionPool) -> new ConnectionPoolMetrics(connectionPool, beanName, Tags.empty()).bindTo(registry));
+	public void bindConnectionPoolsToRegistry(Map<String, ConnectionFactory> connectionFactories,
+			MeterRegistry registry) {
+		connectionFactories.forEach((beanName, connectionFactory) -> {
+			if (connectionFactory instanceof ConnectionPool) {
+				new ConnectionPoolMetrics((ConnectionPool) connectionFactory, beanName, Tags.empty()).bindTo(registry);
+			}
+		});
 	}
 
 }
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/autoconfigure/metrics/r2dbc/ConnectionPoolMetricsAutoConfigurationTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/autoconfigure/metrics/r2dbc/ConnectionPoolMetricsAutoConfigurationTests.java
index acb4697fdc..c4f4d41010 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/autoconfigure/metrics/r2dbc/ConnectionPoolMetricsAutoConfigurationTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/autoconfigure/metrics/r2dbc/ConnectionPoolMetricsAutoConfigurationTests.java
@@ -60,6 +60,17 @@ class ConnectionPoolMetricsAutoConfigurationTests {
 		});
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void autoConfiguredDataSourceExposedAsConnectionFactoryTypeIsInstrumented() {
+		this.contextRunner
+				.withPropertyValues(
+						"spring.r2dbc.url:r2dbc:pool:h2:mem:///name?options=DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE")
+				.withConfiguration(AutoConfigurations.of(R2dbcAutoConfiguration.class)).run((context) -> {
+					MeterRegistry registry = context.getBean(MeterRegistry.class);
+					assertThat(registry.find("r2dbc.pool.acquired").gauges()).hasSize(1);
+				});
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void connectionPoolInstrumentationCanBeDisabled() {
 		this.contextRunner.withConfiguration(AutoConfigurations.of(R2dbcAutoConfiguration.class))
@@ -69,6 +80,15 @@ class ConnectionPoolMetricsAutoConfigurationTests {
 				});
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void connectionPoolExposedAsConnectionFactoryTypeIsInstrumented() {
+		this.contextRunner.withUserConfiguration(ConnectionFactoryConfiguration.class).run((context) -> {
+			MeterRegistry registry = context.getBean(MeterRegistry.class);
+			assertThat(registry.find("r2dbc.pool.acquired").gauges()).extracting(Meter::getId)
+					.extracting((id) -> id.getTag("name")).containsExactly("testConnectionPool");
+		});
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void allConnectionPoolsCanBeInstrumented() {
 		this.contextRunner.withUserConfiguration(TwoConnectionPoolsConfiguration.class).run((context) -> {
@@ -88,6 +108,18 @@ class ConnectionPoolMetricsAutoConfigurationTests {
 
 	}
 
+	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
+	static class ConnectionFactoryConfiguration {
+
+		@Bean
+		ConnectionFactory testConnectionPool() {
+			return new ConnectionPool(
+					ConnectionPoolConfiguration.builder(H2ConnectionFactory.inMemory("db-" + UUID.randomUUID(), "sa",
+							"", Collections.singletonMap(H2ConnectionOption.DB_CLOSE_DELAY, "-1"))).build());
+		}
+
+	}
+
 	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
 	static class TwoConnectionPoolsConfiguration {