diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/NestedJarFile.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/NestedJarFile.java
index d711b9137a..bddd274e22 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/NestedJarFile.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/NestedJarFile.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package org.springframework.boot.loader.jar;
 
 import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FilterInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
@@ -143,6 +144,13 @@ public class NestedJarFile extends JarFile {
 		this.version = (version != null) ? version.feature() : baseVersion().feature();
 	}
 
+	public InputStream getRawZipDataInputStream() throws IOException {
+		RawZipDataInputStream inputStream = new RawZipDataInputStream(
+				this.resources.zipContent().openRawZipData().asInputStream());
+		this.resources.addInputStream(inputStream);
+		return inputStream;
+	}
+
 	@Override
 	public Manifest getManifest() throws IOException {
 		try {
@@ -799,4 +807,27 @@ public class NestedJarFile extends JarFile {
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * {@link InputStream} for raw zip data.
+	 */
+	private class RawZipDataInputStream extends FilterInputStream {
+
+		private volatile boolean closed;
+
+		protected RawZipDataInputStream(InputStream in) {
+			super(in);
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public void close() throws IOException {
+			if (this.closed) {
+				return;
+			}
+			this.closed = true;
+			super.close();
+			NestedJarFile.this.resources.removeInputStream(this);
+		}
+
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/net/protocol/jar/JarUrlConnection.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/net/protocol/jar/JarUrlConnection.java
index dc51bfe4eb..c9a7475a1f 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/net/protocol/jar/JarUrlConnection.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/net/protocol/jar/JarUrlConnection.java
@@ -175,11 +175,12 @@ final class JarUrlConnection extends java.net.JarURLConnection {
 		if (this.notFound != null) {
 			throwFileNotFound();
 		}
-		if (this.entryName == null) {
+		URL jarFileURL = getJarFileURL();
+		if (this.entryName == null && !UrlJarFileFactory.isNestedUrl(jarFileURL)) {
 			throw new IOException("no entry name specified");
 		}
-		if (!getUseCaches() && Optimizations.isEnabled(false)) {
-			JarFile cached = jarFiles.getCached(getJarFileURL());
+		if (!getUseCaches() && Optimizations.isEnabled(false) && this.entryName != null) {
+			JarFile cached = jarFiles.getCached(jarFileURL);
 			if (cached != null) {
 				if (cached.getEntry(this.entryName) != null) {
 					return emptyInputStream;
@@ -188,6 +189,12 @@ final class JarUrlConnection extends java.net.JarURLConnection {
 		}
 		connect();
 		if (this.jarEntry == null) {
+			if (this.jarFile instanceof NestedJarFile nestedJarFile) {
+				// In order to work with Tomcat's TLD scanning and WarURLConnection we
+				// return the raw zip data rather than failing because there is no entry.
+				// See gh-38047 for details.
+				return nestedJarFile.getRawZipDataInputStream();
+			}
 			throwFileNotFound();
 		}
 		return new ConnectionInputStream();
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/net/protocol/jar/UrlJarFileFactory.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/net/protocol/jar/UrlJarFileFactory.java
index 35ba9283ca..b35bc2435c 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/net/protocol/jar/UrlJarFileFactory.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/net/protocol/jar/UrlJarFileFactory.java
@@ -80,10 +80,6 @@ class UrlJarFileFactory {
 		return new UrlJarFile(new File(path), version, closeAction);
 	}
 
-	private boolean isNestedUrl(URL url) {
-		return url.getProtocol().equalsIgnoreCase("nested");
-	}
-
 	private JarFile createJarFileForNested(URL url, Runtime.Version version, Consumer<JarFile> closeAction)
 			throws IOException {
 		NestedLocation location = NestedLocation.fromUrl(url);
@@ -120,4 +116,8 @@ class UrlJarFileFactory {
 		}
 	}
 
+	static boolean isNestedUrl(URL url) {
+		return url.getProtocol().equalsIgnoreCase("nested");
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/net/protocol/jar/JarUrlConnectionTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/net/protocol/jar/JarUrlConnectionTests.java
index 5d7ccf616b..d2445b48e9 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/net/protocol/jar/JarUrlConnectionTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-tools/spring-boot-loader/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/loader/net/protocol/jar/JarUrlConnectionTests.java
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import java.io.FileOutputStream;
 import java.io.FilterInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.net.URLConnection;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
@@ -237,8 +238,8 @@ class JarUrlConnectionTests {
 	}
 
 	@Test
-	void getInputStreamWhenHasNoEntryThrowsException() throws Exception {
-		JarUrlConnection connection = JarUrlConnection.open(this.url);
+	void getInputStreamWhenNotNestedAndHasNoEntryThrowsException() throws Exception {
+		JarUrlConnection connection = JarUrlConnection.open(JarUrl.create(this.file));
 		assertThatIOException().isThrownBy(() -> connection.getInputStream()).withMessage("no entry name specified");
 	}
 
@@ -271,6 +272,18 @@ class JarUrlConnectionTests {
 			.withMessageContaining("JAR entry missing.dat not found in");
 	}
 
+	@Test // gh-38047
+	void getInputStreamWhenNoEntryAndNestedReturnsFullJarInputStream() throws Exception {
+		JarUrlConnection connection = JarUrlConnection.open(JarUrl.create(this.file, "nested.jar"));
+		File outFile = new File(this.temp, "out.zip");
+		try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(outFile)) {
+			connection.getInputStream().transferTo(out);
+		}
+		try (JarFile outJar = new JarFile(outFile)) {
+			assertThat(outJar.getEntry("3.dat")).isNotNull();
+		}
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void getInputStreamReturnsInputStream() throws IOException {
 		JarUrlConnection connection = JarUrlConnection.open(JarUrl.create(this.file, "nested.jar", "3.dat"));