diff --git a/spring-boot-autoconfigure/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/condition/OnBeanCondition.java b/spring-boot-autoconfigure/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/condition/OnBeanCondition.java
index 948b8d01f2..6414cc407b 100644
--- a/spring-boot-autoconfigure/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/condition/OnBeanCondition.java
+++ b/spring-boot-autoconfigure/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/condition/OnBeanCondition.java
@@ -94,7 +94,8 @@ class OnBeanCondition extends SpringBootCondition implements ConfigurationCondit
 				return ConditionOutcome.noMatch(
 						"@ConditionalOnSingleCandidate " + spec + " found no beans");
 			}
-			else if (!hasSingleAutowireCandidate(context.getBeanFactory(), matching)) {
+			else if (!hasSingleAutowireCandidate(context.getBeanFactory(), matching,
+					spec.getStrategy() == SearchStrategy.ALL)) {
 				return ConditionOutcome.noMatch("@ConditionalOnSingleCandidate " + spec
 						+ " found no primary candidate amongst the" + " following "
 						+ matching);
@@ -222,16 +223,19 @@ class OnBeanCondition extends SpringBootCondition implements ConfigurationCondit
 	}
 
 	private boolean hasSingleAutowireCandidate(
-			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, List<String> beanNames) {
+			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, List<String> beanNames,
+			boolean considerHierarchy) {
 		return (beanNames.size() == 1
-				|| getPrimaryBeans(beanFactory, beanNames).size() == 1);
+				|| getPrimaryBeans(beanFactory, beanNames, considerHierarchy)
+						.size() == 1);
 	}
 
 	private List<String> getPrimaryBeans(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory,
-			List<String> beanNames) {
+			List<String> beanNames, boolean considerHierarchy) {
 		List<String> primaryBeans = new ArrayList<String>();
 		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
-			BeanDefinition beanDefinition = beanFactory.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
+			BeanDefinition beanDefinition = findBeanDefinition(beanFactory, beanName,
+					considerHierarchy);
 			if (beanDefinition != null && beanDefinition.isPrimary()) {
 				primaryBeans.add(beanName);
 			}
@@ -239,6 +243,20 @@ class OnBeanCondition extends SpringBootCondition implements ConfigurationCondit
 		return primaryBeans;
 	}
 
+	private BeanDefinition findBeanDefinition(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory,
+			String beanName, boolean considerHierarchy) {
+		if (beanFactory.containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
+			return beanFactory.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
+		}
+		if (considerHierarchy && beanFactory
+				.getParentBeanFactory() instanceof ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) {
+			return findBeanDefinition(((ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) beanFactory
+					.getParentBeanFactory()), beanName, considerHierarchy);
+		}
+		return null;
+
+	}
+
 	private static class BeanSearchSpec {
 
 		private final Class<?> annotationType;
diff --git a/spring-boot-autoconfigure/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/condition/ConditionalOnSingleCandidateTests.java b/spring-boot-autoconfigure/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/condition/ConditionalOnSingleCandidateTests.java
index 27ff00a11a..4d610e7f21 100644
--- a/spring-boot-autoconfigure/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/condition/ConditionalOnSingleCandidateTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-autoconfigure/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/condition/ConditionalOnSingleCandidateTests.java
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.isA;
  * Tests for {@link ConditionalOnSingleCandidate}.
  *
  * @author Stephane Nicoll
+ * @author Andy Wilkinson
  */
 public class ConditionalOnSingleCandidateTests {
 
@@ -101,6 +102,22 @@ public class ConditionalOnSingleCandidateTests {
 		load(OnBeanSingleCandidateNoTypeConfiguration.class);
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	public void singleCandidateMultipleCandidatesInContextHierarchy() {
+		load(FooPrimaryConfiguration.class, BarConfiguration.class);
+		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext child = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
+		child.setParent(this.context);
+		child.register(OnBeanSingleCandidateConfiguration.class);
+		try {
+			child.refresh();
+			assertThat(child.containsBean("baz")).isTrue();
+			assertThat(child.getBean("baz")).isEqualTo("foo");
+		}
+		finally {
+			child.close();
+		}
+	}
+
 	private void load(Class<?>... classes) {
 		this.context.register(classes);
 		this.context.refresh();