Add an alternative `PropertySourcesPropertyResolver` that can short
circuit resolution of properties that are already covered by the
`ConfigurationPropertySourcesPropertySource`.
Prior to this commit, calling `getProperty` or `containsProperty` on an
`Environment` that has `ConfigurationPropertySources` attached could
result in two identical calls to the underlying source. The first call
would be via the adapted source, and the second would be direct. Since
we can now plug-in a custom `PropertySourcesPropertyResolver` to the
`Environment`, we can optimize resolution so that calls happen only
once.
Closes gh-17400
6ad100eae6