diff --git a/spring-data-jpa/src/main/java/org/springframework/data/jpa/repository/JpaRepository.java b/spring-data-jpa/src/main/java/org/springframework/data/jpa/repository/JpaRepository.java
index a3541460f..4346d853d 100644
--- a/spring-data-jpa/src/main/java/org/springframework/data/jpa/repository/JpaRepository.java
+++ b/spring-data-jpa/src/main/java/org/springframework/data/jpa/repository/JpaRepository.java
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@
  */
 package org.springframework.data.jpa.repository;
 
-import java.util.List;
-
 import jakarta.persistence.EntityManager;
 
+import java.util.List;
+
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Example;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
 import org.springframework.data.repository.ListCrudRepository;
@@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ import org.springframework.data.repository.query.QueryByExampleExecutor;
  * @author Jens Schauder
  */
 @NoRepositoryBean
-public interface JpaRepository<T, ID> extends ListCrudRepository<T, ID>, ListPagingAndSortingRepository<T, ID>, QueryByExampleExecutor<T> {
+public interface JpaRepository<T, ID>
+		extends ListCrudRepository<T, ID>, ListPagingAndSortingRepository<T, ID>, QueryByExampleExecutor<T> {
 
 	/**
 	 * Flushes all pending changes to the database.
@@ -66,6 +67,8 @@ public interface JpaRepository<T, ID> extends ListCrudRepository<T, ID>, ListPag
 	 * Deletes the given entities in a batch which means it will create a single query. This kind of operation leaves JPAs
 	 * first level cache and the database out of sync. Consider flushing the {@link EntityManager} before calling this
 	 * method.
+	 * <p>
+	 * It will also NOT honor cascade semantics of JPA, nor will it emit JPA lifecycle events.
 	 *
 	 * @param entities entities to be deleted. Must not be {@literal null}.
 	 * @deprecated Use {@link #deleteAllInBatch(Iterable)} instead.
@@ -80,8 +83,8 @@ public interface JpaRepository<T, ID> extends ListCrudRepository<T, ID>, ListPag
 	 * first level cache and the database out of sync. Consider flushing the {@link EntityManager} before calling this
 	 * method.
 	 * <p>
-	 * It will also NOT honor cascade semantics of JPA, nor will it emit JPA  lifecycle events.
-	 *</p>
+	 * It will also NOT honor cascade semantics of JPA, nor will it emit JPA lifecycle events.
+	 *
 	 * @param entities entities to be deleted. Must not be {@literal null}.
 	 * @since 2.5
 	 */
diff --git a/spring-data-jpa/src/main/java/org/springframework/data/jpa/repository/query/QueryUtils.java b/spring-data-jpa/src/main/java/org/springframework/data/jpa/repository/query/QueryUtils.java
index 14b289005..0fb78d4b5 100644
--- a/spring-data-jpa/src/main/java/org/springframework/data/jpa/repository/query/QueryUtils.java
+++ b/spring-data-jpa/src/main/java/org/springframework/data/jpa/repository/query/QueryUtils.java
@@ -40,16 +40,7 @@ import jakarta.persistence.metamodel.SingularAttribute;
 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
 import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement;
 import java.lang.reflect.Member;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Collections;
-import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.HashSet;
-import java.util.Iterator;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Locale;
-import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.Objects;
-import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.*;
 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
@@ -292,9 +283,8 @@ public abstract class QueryUtils {
 		Set<String> selectionAliases = getFunctionAliases(query);
 		selectionAliases.addAll(getFieldAliases(query));
 
-		String orderClauses = sort.stream()
-			.map(order -> getOrderClause(joinAliases, selectionAliases, alias, order))
-			.collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
+		String orderClauses = sort.stream().map(order -> getOrderClause(joinAliases, selectionAliases, alias, order))
+				.collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
 
 		builder.append(orderClauses);
 
@@ -532,7 +522,6 @@ public abstract class QueryUtils {
 	 * @param entityManager must not be {@literal null}.
 	 * @return Guaranteed to be not {@literal null}.
 	 */
-
 	public static <T> Query applyAndBind(String queryString, Iterable<T> entities, EntityManager entityManager) {
 
 		Assert.notNull(queryString, "Querystring must not be null");
@@ -546,30 +535,8 @@ public abstract class QueryUtils {
 		}
 
 		String alias = detectAlias(queryString);
-		StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(queryString);
-		builder.append(" where");
-
-		int i = 0;
-
-		while (iterator.hasNext()) {
-
-			iterator.next();
-
-			builder.append(String.format(" %s = ?%d", alias, ++i));
-
-			if (iterator.hasNext()) {
-				builder.append(" or");
-			}
-		}
-
-		Query query = entityManager.createQuery(builder.toString());
-
-		iterator = entities.iterator();
-		i = 0;
-
-		while (iterator.hasNext()) {
-			query.setParameter(++i, iterator.next());
-		}
+		Query query = entityManager.createQuery("%s where %s IN (?1)".formatted(queryString, alias));
+		query.setParameter(1, entities instanceof Collection<T> ? entities : Streamable.of(entities).toList());
 
 		return query;
 	}