diff --git a/spring-beans/src/main/java/org/springframework/beans/factory/aot/InstanceSupplierCodeGenerator.java b/spring-beans/src/main/java/org/springframework/beans/factory/aot/InstanceSupplierCodeGenerator.java
index a727980e19..fdf8eeab58 100644
--- a/spring-beans/src/main/java/org/springframework/beans/factory/aot/InstanceSupplierCodeGenerator.java
+++ b/spring-beans/src/main/java/org/springframework/beans/factory/aot/InstanceSupplierCodeGenerator.java
@@ -440,6 +440,7 @@ public class InstanceSupplierCodeGenerator {
 		}
 	}
 
+
 	record ConstructorDescriptor(String beanName, Constructor<?> constructor, Class<?> publicType) {
 
 		Class<?> actualType() {
diff --git a/spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/util/StringUtils.java b/spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/util/StringUtils.java
index 4accef5942..082cc2134d 100644
--- a/spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/util/StringUtils.java
+++ b/spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/util/StringUtils.java
@@ -784,9 +784,9 @@ public abstract class StringUtils {
 			pathElements.addFirst(CURRENT_PATH);
 		}
 
-		final String joined = collectionToDelimitedString(pathElements, FOLDER_SEPARATOR);
-		// avoid string concatenation with empty prefix
-		return prefix.isEmpty() ? joined : prefix + joined;
+		String joined = collectionToDelimitedString(pathElements, FOLDER_SEPARATOR);
+		// Avoid String concatenation with empty prefix
+		return (prefix.isEmpty() ? joined : prefix + joined);
 	}
 
 	/**
diff --git a/spring-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/core/GenericTypeResolverTests.java b/spring-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/core/GenericTypeResolverTests.java
index df63c65e24..21ab4004fe 100644
--- a/spring-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/core/GenericTypeResolverTests.java
+++ b/spring-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/core/GenericTypeResolverTests.java
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ class GenericTypeResolverTests {
 		}
 	}
 
-	public interface InterfaceWithDefaultMethod<T extends InheritsDefaultMethod.AbstractType> {
+	public interface InterfaceWithDefaultMethod<T extends InterfaceWithDefaultMethod.AbstractType> {
 
 		default String get(T input) {
 			throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
diff --git a/spring-webflux/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/resource/ResourceHandlerUtils.java b/spring-webflux/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/resource/ResourceHandlerUtils.java
index bd5ab771df..5bbb25678e 100644
--- a/spring-webflux/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/resource/ResourceHandlerUtils.java
+++ b/spring-webflux/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/resource/ResourceHandlerUtils.java
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
 import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
+import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
 import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
 import org.springframework.core.io.UrlResource;
 import org.springframework.core.log.LogFormatUtils;
@@ -60,12 +61,15 @@ public abstract class ResourceHandlerUtils {
 			if (location instanceof org.springframework.core.io.PathResource) {
 				return;
 			}
-			else if (location instanceof UrlResource) {
-				path = location.getURL().toExternalForm();
+			else if (location instanceof FileSystemResource fileSystemResource) {
+				path = fileSystemResource.getPath();
 			}
 			else if (location instanceof ClassPathResource classPathResource) {
 				path = classPathResource.getPath();
 			}
+			else if (location instanceof UrlResource) {
+				path = location.getURL().toExternalForm();
+			}
 			else {
 				path = location.getURL().getPath();
 			}
diff --git a/spring-webflux/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/function/server/PathResourceLookupFunctionTests.java b/spring-webflux/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/function/server/PathResourceLookupFunctionTests.java
index b28db67d28..08bf35bdcd 100644
--- a/spring-webflux/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/function/server/PathResourceLookupFunctionTests.java
+++ b/spring-webflux/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/function/server/PathResourceLookupFunctionTests.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 import reactor.test.StepVerifier;
 
 import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
+import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
 import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
 import org.springframework.web.testfixture.http.server.reactive.MockServerHttpRequest;
 import org.springframework.web.testfixture.server.MockServerWebExchange;
@@ -39,8 +40,7 @@ class PathResourceLookupFunctionTests {
 	void normal() throws Exception {
 		ClassPathResource location = new ClassPathResource("org/springframework/web/reactive/function/server/");
 
-		PathResourceLookupFunction
-				function = new PathResourceLookupFunction("/resources/**", location);
+		PathResourceLookupFunction function = new PathResourceLookupFunction("/resources/**", location);
 		MockServerHttpRequest mockRequest = MockServerHttpRequest.get("https://localhost/resources/response.txt").build();
 		ServerRequest request = new DefaultServerRequest(MockServerWebExchange.from(mockRequest), Collections.emptyList());
 		Mono<Resource> result = function.apply(request);
@@ -124,4 +124,17 @@ class PathResourceLookupFunctionTests {
 				.verify();
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	@SuppressWarnings("removal")
+	void withPathResource() {
+		org.springframework.core.io.PathResource location = new org.springframework.core.io.PathResource("/static/");
+		PathResourceLookupFunction function = new PathResourceLookupFunction("/resources/**", location);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withFileSystemResource() {
+		FileSystemResource location = new FileSystemResource("/static/");
+		PathResourceLookupFunction function = new PathResourceLookupFunction("/resources/**", location);
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/spring-webmvc/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/resource/ResourceHandlerUtils.java b/spring-webmvc/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/resource/ResourceHandlerUtils.java
index f3119f5d35..f4f4bda1b2 100644
--- a/spring-webmvc/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/resource/ResourceHandlerUtils.java
+++ b/spring-webmvc/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/resource/ResourceHandlerUtils.java
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
 import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
+import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
 import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
 import org.springframework.core.io.UrlResource;
 import org.springframework.core.log.LogFormatUtils;
@@ -61,12 +62,15 @@ public abstract class ResourceHandlerUtils {
 			if (location instanceof org.springframework.core.io.PathResource) {
 				return;
 			}
-			else if (location instanceof UrlResource) {
-				path = location.getURL().toExternalForm();
+			else if (location instanceof FileSystemResource fileSystemResource) {
+				path = fileSystemResource.getPath();
 			}
 			else if (location instanceof ClassPathResource classPathResource) {
 				path = classPathResource.getPath();
 			}
+			else if (location instanceof UrlResource) {
+				path = location.getURL().toExternalForm();
+			}
 			else {
 				path = location.getURL().getPath();
 			}
diff --git a/spring-webmvc/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/function/PathResourceLookupFunctionTests.java b/spring-webmvc/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/function/PathResourceLookupFunctionTests.java
index 33ad38b0ba..582ae35295 100644
--- a/spring-webmvc/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/function/PathResourceLookupFunctionTests.java
+++ b/spring-webmvc/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/function/PathResourceLookupFunctionTests.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import java.util.function.Function;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
+import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
 import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
 import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.PathPatternsTestUtils;
 
@@ -102,4 +103,17 @@ class PathResourceLookupFunctionTests {
 				Collections.emptyList());
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	@SuppressWarnings("removal")
+	void withPathResource() {
+		org.springframework.core.io.PathResource location = new org.springframework.core.io.PathResource("/static/");
+		PathResourceLookupFunction function = new PathResourceLookupFunction("/resources/**", location);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withFileSystemResource() {
+		FileSystemResource location = new FileSystemResource("/static/");
+		PathResourceLookupFunction function = new PathResourceLookupFunction("/resources/**", location);
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/spring-webmvc/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/function/ResourceHandlerFunctionTests.java b/spring-webmvc/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/function/ResourceHandlerFunctionTests.java
index 9c6d9320fd..781bad421c 100644
--- a/spring-webmvc/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/function/ResourceHandlerFunctionTests.java
+++ b/spring-webmvc/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/function/ResourceHandlerFunctionTests.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ class ResourceHandlerFunctionTests {
 
 	private ResourceHttpMessageConverter messageConverter;
 
+
 	@BeforeEach
 	void createContext() {
 		this.messageConverter = new ResourceHttpMessageConverter();