Reject static Bean Override fields for @⁠MockitoBean, @⁠TestBean, etc.

Closes gh-33922

spring-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/test/context/bean/override/BeanOverride.java

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import org.springframework.aot.hint.annotation.Reflective;
  * <p>Specifying this annotation registers the configured {@link BeanOverrideProcessor}
  * which must be capable of handling the composed annotation and its attributes.
  *
- * <p>Since the composed annotation should only be applied to fields, it is
+ * <p>Since the composed annotation should only be applied to non-static fields, it is
  * expected that it is meta-annotated with {@link Target @Target(ElementType.FIELD)}.
  *
  * <p>For concrete examples, see

spring-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/test/context/bean/override/BeanOverrideHandler.java

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package org.springframework.test.context.bean.override;
 
 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashSet;
@@ -105,6 +106,8 @@ public abstract class BeanOverrideHandler {
 	private static void processField(Field field, Class<?> testClass, List<BeanOverrideHandler> handlers) {
 		AtomicBoolean overrideAnnotationFound = new AtomicBoolean();
 		MergedAnnotations.from(field, DIRECT).stream(BeanOverride.class).forEach(mergedAnnotation -> {
+			Assert.state(!Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers()),
+					() -> "@BeanOverride field must not be static: " + field);
 			MergedAnnotation<?> metaSource = mergedAnnotation.getMetaSource();
 			Assert.state(metaSource != null, "@BeanOverride annotation must be meta-present");
 

spring-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/test/context/bean/override/convention/TestBean.java

@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;
 import org.springframework.test.context.bean.override.BeanOverride;
 
 /**
- * {@code @TestBean} is an annotation that can be applied to a field in a test
- * class to override a bean in the test's
+ * {@code @TestBean} is an annotation that can be applied to a non-static field
+ * in a test class to override a bean in the test's
  * {@link org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext ApplicationContext}
  * using a static factory method.
  *

spring-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/test/context/bean/override/mockito/MockitoBean.java

@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;
 import org.springframework.test.context.bean.override.BeanOverride;
 
 /**
- * {@code @MockitoBean} is an annotation that can be applied to a field in a test
- * class to override a bean in the test's
+ * {@code @MockitoBean} is an annotation that can be applied to a non-static field
+ * in a test class to override a bean in the test's
  * {@link org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext ApplicationContext}
  * using a Mockito mock.
  *

spring-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/test/context/bean/override/mockito/MockitoSpyBean.java

@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@ import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;
 import org.springframework.test.context.bean.override.BeanOverride;
 
 /**
- * Mark a field to trigger a bean override using a Mockito spy, which will wrap
- * the original bean instance.
+ * {@code @MockitoSpyBean} is an annotation that can be applied to a non-static
+ * field in a test class to override a bean in the test's
+ * {@link org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext ApplicationContext}
+ * with a Mockito spy that wraps the original bean instance.
  *
  * <p>By default, the bean to spy is inferred from the type of the annotated
  * field. If multiple candidates exist, a {@code @Qualifier} annotation can be