Only run checks in pipelines with JDK variants

This commit updates the build pipeline to only run the checks
(formatting and tests) with the build when non-JDK8 variants are used
for sanity checks.

See gh-22490

ci/scripts/check-project.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -e
+
+source $(dirname $0)/common.sh
+
+pushd git-repo > /dev/null
+./gradlew -Dorg.gradle.internal.launcher.welcomeMessageEnabled=false --no-daemon --max-workers=4 check
+popd > /dev/null