In preparation for releasing Spring Framework from GitHub actions, this
commit adds a `verify` workflow that validates that the released bits
are correct by running sample projects against them.
Closes gh-33178
This commit harmonizes our CI configuration with Spring Boot, in
particular the clever use of reusable custom actions that simplify
the workflow definition quite a bit.
One main difference compared to Spring Boot is that we can now
specify a different distribution for a Java version to test, in
preparation for the support of building against 23-ea
See gh-32090
