Since the introduction of the AnnotationConfig(Web)ApplicationContext
types in Spring 3.0, it has been possible to specify a custom
bean name generation strategy via the #setBeanNameGenerator methods
available on each of these classes.
If specified, that BeanNameGenerator was delegated to the underlying
AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader and ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner. This
meant that any @Configuration classes registered or scanned directly
from the application context, e.g. via #register or #scan methods would
respect the custom name generation strategy as intended.
However, for @Configuration classes picked up via @Import or implicitly
registered due to being nested classes would not be aware of this
strategy, and would rather fall back to a hard-coded default
AnnotationBeanNameGenerator.
This change ensures consistent application of custom BeanNameGenerator
strategies in the following ways:
- Introduction of AnnotationConfigUtils#CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR
singleton
If a custom BeanNameGenerator is specified via #setBeanNameGenerator
the AnnotationConfig* application contexts will, in addition to
delegating this object to the underlying reader and scanner, register
it as a singleton bean within the enclosing bean factory having the
constant name mentioned above.
ConfigurationClassPostProcessor now checks for the presence of this
singleton, falling back to a default AnnotationBeanNameGenerator if
not present. This singleton-based approach is necessary because it is
otherwise impossible to parameterize CCPP, given that it is
registered as a BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor bean definition
in AnnotationConfigUtils#registerAnnotationConfigProcessors
- Introduction of ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#setBeanNameGenerator
As detailed in the Javadoc for this new method, this allows for
customizing the BeanNameGenerator via XML by dropping down to direct
registration of CCPP as a <bean> instead of using
<context:annotation-config> to enable @Configuration class
processing.
- Smarter defaulting for @ComponentScan#beanNameGenerator
Previously, @ComponentScan's #beanNameGenerator attribute had a
default value of AnnotationBeanNameGenerator. The value is now the
BeanNameGenerator interface itself, indicating that the scanner
dedicated to processing each @ComponentScan should fall back to an
inherited generator, i.e. the one originally specified against the
application context, or the original default provided by
ConfigurationClassPostProcessor. This means that name generation
strategies will be consistent with a single point of configuration,
but that individual @ComponentScan declarations may still customize
the strategy for the beans that are picked up by that particular
scanning.
Issue: SPR-9124
Prior to this commit, and based on earlier changes supporting SPR-9023,
ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader employed a simplistic strategy
for extracting the 'value' attribute (if any) from @Configuration in
order to determine the bean name for imported and nested configuration
classes. An example case follows:
@Configuration("myConfig")
public class AppConfig { ... }
This approach is too simplistic however, given that it is possible in
'configuration lite' mode to specify a @Component-annotated class with
@Bean methods, e.g.
@Component("myConfig")
public class AppConfig {
@Bean
public Foo foo() { ... }
}
In this case, it's the 'value' attribute of @Component, not
@Configuration, that should be consulted for the bean name. Or indeed if
it were any other stereotype annotation meta-annotated with @Component,
the value attribute should respected.
This kind of sophisticated discovery is exactly what
AnnotationBeanNameGenerator was designed to do, and
ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader now uses it in favor of the
custom approach described above.
To enable this refactoring, nested and imported configuration classes
are no longer registered as GenericBeanDefinition, but rather as
AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition given that AnnotationBeanNameGenerator
falls back to a generic strategy unless the bean definition in question
is assignable to AnnotatedBeanDefinition.
A new constructor accepting AnnotationMetadata
has been added to AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition in order to support
the ASM-based approach in use by configuration class processing. Javadoc
has been updated for both AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition and its now
very similar cousin ScannedGenericBeanDefinition to make clear the
semantics and intention of these two variants.
Issue: SPR-9023
Prior to this commit, an infinite recursion would occur if a
@Configuration class were nested within its superclass, e.g.
abstract class Parent {
@Configuration
static class Child extends Parent { ... }
}
This is because the processing of the nested class automatically
checks the superclass hierarchy for certain reasons, and each
superclass is in turn checked for nested @Configuration classes.
The ConfigurationClassParser implementation now prevents this by
keeping track of known superclasses, i.e. once a superclass has been
processed, it is never again checked for nested classes, etc.
Issue: SPR-8955
Uses of AnnotationMetadata#getAnnotationAttributes throughout the
framework have been updated to use the new AnnotationAttributes API in
order to take advantage of the more concise, expressive and type-safe
methods there.
All changes are binary compatible to the 3.1.0 public API, save
the exception below.
A minor binary compatibility issue has been introduced in
AbstractCachingConfiguration, AbstractAsyncConfiguration and
AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration when updating their
protected Map<String, Object> fields representing annotation attributes
to use the new AnnotationAttributes API. This is a negligible breakage,
however, as the likelilhood of users subclassing these types is very
low, the classes have only been in existence for a short time (further
reducing the likelihood), and it is a source-compatible change given
that AnnotationAttributes is assignable to Map<String, Object>.
Background
Spring 3.1 introduced the @ComponentScan annotation, which can accept
an optional array of include and/or exclude @Filter annotations, e.g.
@ComponentScan(
basePackages = "com.acme.app",
includeFilters = { @Filter(MyStereotype.class), ... }
)
@Configuration
public class AppConfig { ... }
@ComponentScan and other annotations related to @Configuration class
processing such as @Import, @ImportResource and the @Enable*
annotations are parsed using reflection in certain code paths, e.g.
when registered directly against AnnotationConfigApplicationContext,
and via ASM in other code paths, e.g. when a @Configuration class is
discovered via an XML bean definition or when included via the
@Import annotation.
The ASM-based approach is designed to avoid premature classloading of
user types and is instrumental in providing tooling support (STS, etc).
Prior to this commit, the ASM-based routines for reading annotation
attributes were unable to recurse into nested annotations, such as in
the @Filter example above. Prior to Spring 3.1 this was not a problem,
because prior to @ComponentScan, there were no cases of nested
annotations in the framework.
This limitation manifested itself in cases where users encounter
the ASM-based annotation parsing code paths AND declare
@ComponentScan annotations with explicit nested @Filter annotations.
In these cases, the 'includeFilters' and 'excludeFilters' attributes
are simply empty where they should be populated, causing the framework
to ignore the filter directives and provide incorrect results from
component scanning.
The purpose of this change then, is to introduce the capability on the
ASM side to recurse into nested annotations and annotation arrays. The
challenge in doing so is that the nested annotations themselves cannot
be realized as annotation instances, so must be represented as a
nested Map (or, as described below, the new AnnotationAttributes type).
Furthermore, the reflection-based annotation parsing must also be
updated to treat nested annotations in a similar fashion; even though
the reflection-based approach has no problem accessing nested
annotations (it just works out of the box), for substitutability
against the AnnotationMetadata SPI, both ASM- and reflection-based
implementations should return the same results in any case. Therefore,
the reflection-based StandardAnnotationMetadata has also been updated
with an optional 'nestedAnnotationsAsMap' constructor argument that is
false by default to preserve compatibility in the rare case that
StandardAnnotationMetadata is being used outside the core framework.
Within the framework, all uses of StandardAnnotationMetadata have been
updated to set this new flag to true, meaning that nested annotation
results will be consistent regardless the parsing approach used.
Spr9031Tests corners this bug and demonstrates that nested @Filter
annotations can be parsed and read in both the ASM- and
reflection-based paths.
Major changes
- AnnotationAttributes has been introduced as a concrete
LinkedHashMap<String, Object> to be used anywhere annotation
attributes are accessed, providing error reporting on attribute
lookup and convenient type-safe access to common annotation types
such as String, String[], boolean, int, and nested annotation and
annotation arrays, with the latter two also returned as
AnnotationAttributes instances.
- AnnotationUtils#getAnnotationAttributes methods now return
AnnotationAttributes instances, even though for binary compatibility
the signatures of these methods have been preserved as returning
Map<String, Object>.
- AnnotationAttributes#forMap provides a convenient mechanism for
adapting any Map<String, Object> into an AnnotationAttributes
instance. In the case that the Map is already actually of
type AnnotationAttributes, it is simply casted and returned.
Otherwise, the map is supplied to the AnnotationAttributes(Map)
constructor and wrapped in common collections style.
- The protected MetadataUtils#attributesFor(Metadata, Class) provides
further convenience in the many locations throughout the
.context.annotation packagage that depend on annotation attribute
introspection.
- ASM-based core.type.classreading package reworked
Specifically, AnnotationAttributesReadingVisitor has been enhanced to
support recursive reading of annotations and annotation arrays, for
example in @ComponentScan's nested array of @Filter annotations,
ensuring that nested AnnotationAttributes objects are populated as
described above.
AnnotationAttributesReadingVisitor has also been refactored for
clarity, being broken up into several additional ASM
AnnotationVisitor implementations. Given that all types are
package-private here, these changes represent no risk to binary
compatibility.
- Reflection-based StandardAnnotationMetadata updated
As described above, the 'nestedAnnotationsAsMap' constructor argument
has been added, and all framework-internal uses of this class have
been updated to set this flag to true.
Issue: SPR-7979, SPR-8719, SPR-9031
Prior to this commit, @Configuration classes included via @Import (or
via automatic registration of nested configuration classes) would
always be registered with a generated bean name, regardless of whether
the user had specified a 'value' indicating a customized bean name, e.g.
@Configuration("myConfig")
public class AppConfig { ... }
Now this bean name is propagated as intended in all cases, meaning that
in the example above, the resulting bean definition of type AppConfig
will be named "myConfig" regardless how it was registered with the
container -- directly against the application context, via component
scanning, via @Import, or via automatic registration of nested
configuration classes.
Issue: SPR-9023
Prior to this change, the caching reference docs referred to
'root.params', whereas the actual naming should be 'root.args'. This
naming was also reflected in the "#p" syntax for specifying method args.
This change updates the documentation to refer to 'root.args' properly
and also adds "#a" syntax for specifying method arguments more
intuitively. Note that "#p" syntax remains in place as an alias for
backward compatibility.
Issue: SPR-8938
Prior to this change, roughly 5% (~300 out of 6000+) of files under the
source tree had CRLF line endings as opposed to the majority which have
LF endings.
This change normalizes these files to LF for consistency going forward.
Command used:
$ git ls-files | xargs file | grep CRLF | cut -d":" -f1 | xargs dos2unix
Issue: SPR-5608
Prior to this change, an assumption was made in
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory that any factory-method would have
zero parameters. This may not be the case in @Bean methods.
We now look for the factory-method by name in a more flexible fashion
that accomodates the possibility of method parameters.
There remains at least one edge cases here where things could still fail,
for example a @Configuration class could have two FactoryBean-returning
methods of the same name, but each with different generic FactoryBean
types and different parameter lists. In this case, the implementation
may infer and return the wrong object type, as it currently returns
the first match for the given factory-method name. The complexity cost
of ensuring that this never happens is not likely worth the trouble
given the very low likelihood of such an arrangement.
Issue: SPR-8762
Prior to this change, to specify two or more annotation include/exclude
filters, one would declare @ComponentScan as follows:
@ComponentScan(basePackages="example.scannable",
useDefaultFilters=false,
includeFilters={
@Filter(MyStereotype.class),
@Filter(MyComponent.class)
})
This was because @Filter's 'value' attribute accepted exactly one
argument.
Now, any given @Filter may accept one or more value arguments, allowing
for more concise @ComponentScan declarations:
@ComponentScan(basePackages="example.scannable",
useDefaultFilters=false,
includeFilters=@Filter({MyStereotype.class, MyComponent.class}))
Supplying multiple arguments in this way assumes that they are the same
type of filter, e.g. ANNOTATION, ASSIGNABLE_TYPE, or CUSTOM. To declare
multiple *different* types of filters, multiple @Filter annotations are
still required, e.g.:
@ComponentScan(
includeFilters={
@Filter(type=ANNOTATION, value=MyStereotype.class),
@Filter(type=ASSIGNABLE_TYPE, value={Foo.class, Bar.class})
})
Note that specifying zero arguments, e.g. @Filter({}) is nonsensical; it
will have no effect on component scanning, but does not raise an error.
Issue: SPR-8881
Prior to this change, a @Configuration classes that @ComponentScan
themselves would result in a ConflictingBeanDefinitionException.
For example:
package com.foo.config;
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.foo");
public class AppConfig {
// ...
}
This resulted in a ConflictingBeanDefinitionException that users have
typically worked around in the following fashion:
package com.foo.config;
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages="com.foo",
excludeFilters=@Filter(value=ANNOTATION_TYPE, type=Configuration.class);
public class AppConfig {
// ...
}
This is obviously more verbose and cumbersome than would be desirable,
and furthermore potentially too constraining as it prohibits the ability
to include other legitimate @Configuration classes via scanning.
The exception was being thrown because of a logic problem in
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner. The bean definition for AppConfig gets
registered once by the user (e.g. when constructing an
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext), then again when performing the
component scan for 'com.foo'. Prior to this change,
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner's #isCompatible returned false if the new
bean definition was anything other than an AnnotatedBeanDefinition. The
intention of this check is really to see whether the new bean definition
is a *scanned* bean definition, i.e. the result of a component-scanning
operation. If so, then it becomes safe to assume that the original bean
definition is the one that should be kept, as it is the one explicitly
registered by the user.
Therefore, the fix is as simple as narrowing the instanceof check from
AnnotatedBeanDefinition to its ScannedGenericBeanDefinition subtype.
Note that this commit partially reverts changes introduced in SPR-8307
that explicitly caught ConflictingBeanDefinitionExceptions when
processing recursive @ComponentScan definitions, and rethrew as a
"CircularComponentScanException. With the changes in this commit,
such CBDEs will no longer occur, obviating the need for this check and
for this custom exception type altogether.
Issue: SPR-8808, SPR-8307
3.1 M2 introduced a regression that causes false positives during
@Configuration class candidate checks. Now performing a call to
AnnotationMetadata#isInterface in addition to checks for @Component and
@Bean annotations when determining whether a candidate is a 'lite'
configuration class. Annotations are in the end interfaces, so both
are filtered out at once.
Issue: SPR-8761
Allowing beans of primitive type to be looked up via getBean(Class), or
to be injected using @Autowired or @Injected or @Resource. Prior to
these changes, an attempt to lookup or inject a bean of, for example,
type boolean would fail because all spring beans are Objects, regardless
of initial type due to the way that ObjectFactory works.
Now these attempts to lookup or inject primitive types work, thanks to
simple changes in AbstractBeanFactory using ClassUtils#isAssignable
methods instead of the built-in Class#isAssignableFrom. The former takes
into account primitives and their object wrapper types, whereas the
latter does not.
The need to declare, look up or inject primitive-typed beans is probably
low -- how often does one need a bean of type boolean or int after all?.
Prior to the introduction of @Bean methods in Spring 3.0, it was not
possible in practice to register primitive beans, so this issue never
came up. Now that one can declare primitive-typed beans, it does make
sense that we properly support by-type lookup and injection without
forcing the user to work with object wrappers.
Issue: SPR-8874
The registration of more than one ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
results in the double-enhancement of @Configuration classes, i.e. a
two-deep CGLIB subclass hierarchy is created.
As a side-effect of changes introduced in 3.1 M2 fixing SPR-8080, this
behavior now results in an infinite loop at CGLIB callback processing
time, leading to a StackOverflowException which is then suppressed by
the container, and ultimately results in the user being presented with
an unintuitive "Bean 'x' is not already in creation" exception.
This fix introduces a marker interface 'EnhancedConfiguration' to be
implemented by all generated @Configuration subclasses. The
configuration class enhancer can then behave in an idempotent fashion
by checking to see whether a candidate @Configuration class is already
assignable to this type i.e. already enhanced and ignore it if so.
Naturally, users should avoid registering more than one
ConfigurationClassPostProcessor, but this is not always possible. As
with the case in point, SPR-8824 originates from problems with
spring-data-neo4j, which explicitly registers its own
ConfigurationClassPostProcessor. The user has little control over this
arrangement, so it is important that the framework is defensive as
described above.
Issue: SPR-8824
Also eliminate all 'cache definition' language in favor of
'cache operation' in comments, method and parameter names (most
classes had already been refactored to this effect).
Refactored getConfig => getApplicationContext such that subclasses have
control over the type of ApplicationContext used by the base class
tests. Done in anticipation of @EnableCaching tests that will favor use
of AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
Also updated all use of ClassPathXmlApplictionContext to
GenericXmlApplicationContext, which is generally preferred.
Anywhere the value of a destroy method may be expressed, specifying
the value "(inferred)" now indicates that the container should attempt
to automatically discover a destroy method. This functionality is
currently limited to detecting public, no-arg methods named 'close';
this is particularly useful for commonly used types such as Hibernate
SessionFactory most JDBC DataSource implementations, JMS connection
factories, and so forth.
This special value is captured as the constant
AbstractBeanDefinition#INFER_METHOD, which in turn serves as the default
value of the @Bean#destroyMethod attribute.
For example in the following case
@Bean
public BasicDataSource dataSource() { ... }
the container will automatically detect BasicDataSource#close and invoke
it when the enclosing ApplicationContext is closed. This is exactly
equivalent to
@Bean(destroyMethod="(inferred)")
public BasicDataSource dataSource() { ... }
A user may override this inference-by-default convention simply by
specifying a different method
@Bean(destroyMethod="myClose")
public MyBasicDataSource dataSource() { ... }
or, in the case of a bean that has an otherwise inferrable 'close'
method, but the user wishes to disable handling it entirely, an empty
string may be specified
@Bean(destroyMethod="")
public MyBasicDataSource dataSource() { ... }
The special destroy method name "(inferred)" may also be specified in
an XML context, e.g.
<bean destroy-method="(inferred)">
or
<beans default-destroy-method="(inferred)">
Note that "(inferred)" is the default value for @Bean#destroyMethod,
but NOT for the destroy-method and default-destroy-method attributes
in the spring-beans XML schema.
The principal reason for introducing this feature is to avoid forcing
@Configuration class users to type destroyMethod="close" every time a
closeable bean is configured. This kind of boilerplate is easily
forgotten, and this simple convention means the right thing is done
by default, while allowing the user full control over customization or
disablement in special cases.
Issue: SPR-8751
Add BridgeMethodResolver#isJava6VisibilityBridgeMethodPair to
distinguish between (a) bridge methods introduced in Java 6 to
compensate for inheriting public methods from non-public superclasses
and (b) bridge methods that have existed since Java 5 to accommodate
return type covariance and generic parameters.
In the former case, annotations should be looked up from the original
bridged method (SPR-7900). In the latter, the annotation should be
looked up against the bridge method itself (SPR-8660).
As noted in the Javadoc for the new method, see
http://stas-blogspot.blogspot.com/2010/03/java-bridge-methods-explained.html
for a useful description of the various types of bridge methods, as
well as http://bugs.sun.com/view_bug.do?bug_id=6342411, the bug fixed in
Java 6 resulting in the introduction of 'visibility bridge methods'.
Issue: SPR-8660, SPR-7900
