Add `AnnotatedTypeMetaData.getAnnotations()` that can be used to access
annotation details using the `MergedAnnotations` interface.
Where possible, the existing annotation methods have been migrated to
call `getAnnotation()`, rather than needing their own implementation.
The existing ASM based meta-data implementations have not been updated
since they will be deprecated and replaced in a subsequent commit.
See gh-22884
8c2ccfe6a3