diff --git a/spring-modulith-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/modulith/test/ModuleContextCustomizerFactory.java b/spring-modulith-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/modulith/test/ModuleContextCustomizerFactory.java
index accf28ca..8ae3c3f0 100644
--- a/spring-modulith-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/modulith/test/ModuleContextCustomizerFactory.java
+++ b/spring-modulith-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/modulith/test/ModuleContextCustomizerFactory.java
@@ -63,12 +63,9 @@ class ModuleContextCustomizerFactory implements ContextCustomizerFactory {
 		private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ModuleContextCustomizer.class);
 
 		private final Supplier<ModuleTestExecution> execution;
-		private final Class<?> source;
 
 		ModuleContextCustomizer(Class<?> testClass) {
-
 			this.execution = ModuleTestExecution.of(testClass);
-			this.source = testClass;
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -166,6 +163,7 @@ class ModuleContextCustomizerFactory implements ContextCustomizerFactory {
 		 */
 		@Override
 		public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+
 			if (this == obj) {
 				return true;
 			}
@@ -174,7 +172,7 @@ class ModuleContextCustomizerFactory implements ContextCustomizerFactory {
 				return false;
 			}
 
-			return Objects.equals(this.source, that.source);
+			return Objects.equals(this.execution.get(), that.execution.get());
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -183,7 +181,7 @@ class ModuleContextCustomizerFactory implements ContextCustomizerFactory {
 		 */
 		@Override
 		public int hashCode() {
-			return Objects.hashCode(source);
+			return Objects.hashCode(execution.get());
 		}
 
 		private static void logHeadline(String headline) {
diff --git a/spring-modulith-test/src/test/java/example/module/SampleTestA.java b/spring-modulith-test/src/test/java/example/module/SampleTestA.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..23df4a8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spring-modulith-test/src/test/java/example/module/SampleTestA.java
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package example.module;
+
+import org.springframework.modulith.test.ApplicationModuleTest;
+
+/**
+ * @author Oliver Drotbohm
+ */
+@ApplicationModuleTest
+public class SampleTestA {
+
+}
diff --git a/spring-modulith-test/src/test/java/example/module/SampleTestB.java b/spring-modulith-test/src/test/java/example/module/SampleTestB.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..28056f03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spring-modulith-test/src/test/java/example/module/SampleTestB.java
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package example.module;
+
+import org.springframework.modulith.test.ApplicationModuleTest;
+
+/**
+ * @author Oliver Drotbohm
+ */
+@ApplicationModuleTest
+public class SampleTestB {}
diff --git a/spring-modulith-test/src/test/java/org/springframework/modulith/test/ModuleContextCustomizerUnitTests.java b/spring-modulith-test/src/test/java/org/springframework/modulith/test/ModuleContextCustomizerUnitTests.java
index e7fc068f..58fbd8fc 100644
--- a/spring-modulith-test/src/test/java/org/springframework/modulith/test/ModuleContextCustomizerUnitTests.java
+++ b/spring-modulith-test/src/test/java/org/springframework/modulith/test/ModuleContextCustomizerUnitTests.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package org.springframework.modulith.test;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
 
 import example.module.SampleTestA;
+import example.module.SampleTestB;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.springframework.modulith.core.ApplicationModule;
@@ -34,8 +35,8 @@ class ModuleContextCustomizerUnitTests {
 	@Test
 	void instancesForSameTargetTypeAreEqual() {
 
-		var left = new ModuleContextCustomizer(Object.class);
-		var right = new ModuleContextCustomizer(Object.class);
+		var left = new ModuleContextCustomizer(SampleTestA.class);
+		var right = new ModuleContextCustomizer(SampleTestA.class);
 
 		assertThat(left).isEqualTo(right);
 		assertThat(right).isEqualTo(left);
@@ -53,4 +54,15 @@ class ModuleContextCustomizerUnitTests {
 				.extracting(ApplicationModuleIdentifier::toString)
 				.isEqualTo("module");
 	}
+
+	@Test // GH-1050
+	void instancesWithSameModuleSetupAreConsideredEqual() {
+
+		var left = new ModuleContextCustomizer(SampleTestA.class);
+		var right = new ModuleContextCustomizer(SampleTestB.class);
+
+		assertThat(left).isEqualTo(right);
+		assertThat(right).isEqualTo(left);
+		assertThat(left).hasSameHashCodeAs(right);
+	}
 }
diff --git a/spring-modulith-test/src/test/resources/META-INF/spring.factories b/spring-modulith-test/src/test/resources/META-INF/spring.factories
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..adf613bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spring-modulith-test/src/test/resources/META-INF/spring.factories
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+org.springframework.modulith.core.ApplicationModulesFactory=org.springframework.modulith.test.TestApplicationModules.Factory