diff --git a/spring-cloud-function-adapters/spring-cloud-function-grpc/src/main/java/org/springframework/cloud/function/grpc/GrpcUtils.java b/spring-cloud-function-adapters/spring-cloud-function-grpc/src/main/java/org/springframework/cloud/function/grpc/GrpcUtils.java
index ce38c883e..7ed7d7117 100644
--- a/spring-cloud-function-adapters/spring-cloud-function-grpc/src/main/java/org/springframework/cloud/function/grpc/GrpcUtils.java
+++ b/spring-cloud-function-adapters/spring-cloud-function-grpc/src/main/java/org/springframework/cloud/function/grpc/GrpcUtils.java
@@ -87,8 +87,13 @@ public final class GrpcUtils {
 			MessagingServiceGrpc.MessagingServiceBlockingStub stub = MessagingServiceGrpc
 					.newBlockingStub(channel);
 
-			GrpcSpringMessage response = stub.requestReply(toGrpcSpringMessage(inputMessage));
-			return fromGrpcSpringMessage(response);
+			try {
+				GrpcSpringMessage response = stub.requestReply(toGrpcSpringMessage(inputMessage));
+				return fromGrpcSpringMessage(response);
+			}
+			catch (Exception e) {
+				throw new IllegalStateException(e);
+			}
 		}
 		finally {
 			channel.shutdownNow();
diff --git a/spring-cloud-function-adapters/spring-cloud-function-grpc/src/main/java/org/springframework/cloud/function/grpc/MessageHandlingHelper.java b/spring-cloud-function-adapters/spring-cloud-function-grpc/src/main/java/org/springframework/cloud/function/grpc/MessageHandlingHelper.java
index caadb6e92..c24e3cd4f 100644
--- a/spring-cloud-function-adapters/spring-cloud-function-grpc/src/main/java/org/springframework/cloud/function/grpc/MessageHandlingHelper.java
+++ b/spring-cloud-function-adapters/spring-cloud-function-grpc/src/main/java/org/springframework/cloud/function/grpc/MessageHandlingHelper.java
@@ -24,12 +24,14 @@ import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
 import com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3;
 
 import io.grpc.Status;
 import io.grpc.stub.ServerCallStreamObserver;
 import io.grpc.stub.StreamObserver;
 import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 import reactor.core.publisher.Sinks;
 import reactor.core.publisher.Sinks.Many;
 
@@ -38,6 +40,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
 import org.reactivestreams.Publisher;
 import org.springframework.cloud.function.context.FunctionCatalog;
 import org.springframework.cloud.function.context.FunctionProperties;
+import org.springframework.cloud.function.context.catalog.FunctionTypeUtils;
 import org.springframework.cloud.function.context.catalog.SimpleFunctionRegistry.FunctionInvocationWrapper;
 import org.springframework.context.SmartLifecycle;
 import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
@@ -75,12 +78,29 @@ public class MessageHandlingHelper<T extends GeneratedMessageV3> implements Smar
 	public void requestReply(T request, StreamObserver<T> responseObserver) {
 		Message<byte[]> message = this.toSpringMessage(request);
 		FunctionInvocationWrapper function = this.resolveFunction(message.getHeaders());
+		if (FunctionTypeUtils.isFlux(function.getOutputType())) {
+			String errorMessage = "Flux reply is not supported for `requestReply` mode";
+			responseObserver.onError(Status.UNKNOWN.withDescription(errorMessage)
+					.withCause(new UnsupportedOperationException(errorMessage)).asRuntimeException());
+			return;
+		}
 
-		Message<byte[]> replyMessage = (Message<byte[]>) function.apply(message);
-		GeneratedMessageV3 reply = this.toGrpcMessage(replyMessage, (Class<T>) request.getClass());
-
-		responseObserver.onNext((T) reply);
-		responseObserver.onCompleted();
+		Object replyMessage = function.apply(message);
+		if (replyMessage instanceof Message<?>) {
+			GeneratedMessageV3 reply = this.toGrpcMessage((Message<byte[]>) replyMessage, (Class<T>) request.getClass());
+			responseObserver.onNext((T) reply);
+			responseObserver.onCompleted();
+		}
+		else if (replyMessage instanceof Publisher<?>) {
+			if (replyMessage instanceof Mono<?>) {
+				Mono.from((Publisher<?>) replyMessage).doOnNext(reply -> {
+					GeneratedMessageV3 replyGrps = this.toGrpcMessage((Message<byte[]>) reply, (Class<T>) request.getClass());
+					responseObserver.onNext((T) replyGrps);
+					responseObserver.onCompleted();
+				})
+				.subscribe();
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
diff --git a/spring-cloud-function-adapters/spring-cloud-function-grpc/src/test/java/org/springframework/cloud/function/grpc/GrpcInteractionTests.java b/spring-cloud-function-adapters/spring-cloud-function-grpc/src/test/java/org/springframework/cloud/function/grpc/GrpcInteractionTests.java
index 6d39125a1..83015c8e8 100644
--- a/spring-cloud-function-adapters/spring-cloud-function-grpc/src/test/java/org/springframework/cloud/function/grpc/GrpcInteractionTests.java
+++ b/spring-cloud-function-adapters/spring-cloud-function-grpc/src/test/java/org/springframework/cloud/function/grpc/GrpcInteractionTests.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Disabled;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 
 import org.springframework.boot.WebApplicationType;
 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ import org.springframework.util.MimeTypeUtils;
 import org.springframework.util.SocketUtils;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.fail;
 
 /**
  *
@@ -79,6 +81,49 @@ public class GrpcInteractionTests {
 		}
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	public void testRequestReplyWithMonoReturn() {
+		int port = SocketUtils.findAvailableTcpPort();
+		try (ConfigurableApplicationContext context = new SpringApplicationBuilder(
+				SampleConfiguration.class).web(WebApplicationType.NONE).run(
+						"--spring.jmx.enabled=false",
+						"--spring.cloud.function.definition=uppercaseMonoReturn",
+						"--spring.cloud.function.grpc.port=" + port)) {
+
+			Message<byte[]> message = MessageBuilder.withPayload("\"hello gRPC\"".getBytes())
+					.setHeader("foo", "bar")
+					.setHeader(MessageHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE, MimeTypeUtils.TEXT_PLAIN)
+					.build();
+
+			Message<byte[]> reply = GrpcUtils.requestReply("localhost", port, message);
+
+			assertThat(reply.getPayload()).isEqualTo("\"HELLO GRPC\"".getBytes());
+		}
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	public void testRequestReplyWithFluxReturn() {
+		int port = SocketUtils.findAvailableTcpPort();
+		try (ConfigurableApplicationContext context = new SpringApplicationBuilder(
+				SampleConfiguration.class).web(WebApplicationType.NONE).run(
+						"--spring.jmx.enabled=false",
+						"--spring.cloud.function.definition=uppercaseFluxReturn",
+						"--spring.cloud.function.grpc.port=" + port)) {
+
+			Message<byte[]> message = MessageBuilder.withPayload("\"hello gRPC\"".getBytes())
+					.setHeader("foo", "bar")
+					.setHeader(MessageHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE, MimeTypeUtils.TEXT_PLAIN)
+					.build();
+			try {
+				GrpcUtils.requestReply("localhost", port, message);
+				fail();
+			}
+			catch (Exception e) {
+				assertThat(e.getMessage()).contains("Flux reply is not supported for `requestReply` mode");
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	public void testRequstReplyFunctionDefinitionInMessage() {
 		int port = SocketUtils.findAvailableTcpPort();
@@ -263,6 +308,16 @@ public class GrpcInteractionTests {
 			return v -> v.toUpperCase();
 		}
 
+		@Bean
+		public Function<String, Mono<String>> uppercaseMonoReturn() {
+			return v -> Mono.just(v.toUpperCase());
+		}
+
+		@Bean
+		public Function<String, Flux<String>> uppercaseFluxReturn() {
+			return v -> Flux.just(v.toUpperCase(), v.toUpperCase() + "-1", v.toUpperCase() + "-2");
+		}
+
 		@Bean
 		public Function<String, String> reverse() {
 			return v -> new StringBuilder(v).reverse().toString();