1918 lines
91 KiB
HTML
1918 lines
91 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<!--[if IE]><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><![endif]-->
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor 1.5.3">
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<meta name="author" content="Adrian Cole, Spencer Gibb, Marcin Grzejszczak, Dave Syer">
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<title>Spring Cloud Sleuth</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700">
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<style>
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/* Asciidoctor default stylesheet | MIT License | http://asciidoctor.org */
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/* Remove comment around @import statement below when using as a custom stylesheet */
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/*@import "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700";*/
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[hidden],template{display:none}
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script{display:none!important}
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body{margin:0}
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dfn{font-style:italic}
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sup{top:-.5em}
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</style>
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</head>
|
|
<body class="article toc2 toc-left">
|
|
<div id="header">
|
|
<h1>Spring Cloud Sleuth</h1>
|
|
<div class="details">
|
|
<span id="author" class="author">Adrian Cole, Spencer Gibb, Marcin Grzejszczak, Dave Syer</span><br>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="toc" class="toc2">
|
|
<div id="toctitle">Table of Contents</div>
|
|
<ul class="sectlevel2">
|
|
<li><a href="#_terminology">Terminology</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#_purpose">Purpose</a>
|
|
<ul class="sectlevel3">
|
|
<li><a href="#_distributed_tracing_with_zipkin">Distributed tracing with Zipkin</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#_visualizing_errors">Visualizing errors</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#_live_examples">Live examples</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#_log_correlation">Log correlation</a>
|
|
<ul class="sectlevel4">
|
|
<li><a href="#_json_logback_with_logstash">JSON Logback with Logstash</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="content">
|
|
<div id="preamble">
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><strong>1.2.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT</strong></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Spring Cloud Sleuth implements a distributed tracing solution for <a href="http://cloud.spring.io">Spring Cloud</a>.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect2">
|
|
<h3 id="_terminology">Terminology</h3>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Spring Cloud Sleuth borrows <a href="http://research.google.com/pubs/pub36356.html">Dapper’s</a> terminology.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><strong>Span:</strong> The basic unit of work. For example, sending an RPC is a new span, as is sending a response to an
|
|
RPC. Span’s are identified by a unique 64-bit ID for the span and another 64-bit ID for the trace the span
|
|
is a part of. Spans also have other data, such as descriptions, timestamped events, key-value
|
|
annotations (tags), the ID of the span that caused them, and process ID’s (normally IP address).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Spans are started and stopped, and they keep track of their timing information. Once you create a
|
|
span, you must stop it at some point in the future.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
|
|
<table>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td class="icon">
|
|
<div class="title">Tip</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td class="content">
|
|
The initial span that starts a trace is called a <code>root span</code>. The value of span id
|
|
of that span is equal to trace id.
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><strong>Trace:</strong> A set of spans forming a tree-like structure. For example, if you are running a distributed
|
|
big-data store, a trace might be formed by a put request.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><strong>Annotation:</strong> is used to record existence of an event in time. Some of the core annotations used to define
|
|
the start and stop of a request are:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="ulist">
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p><strong>cs</strong> - Client Sent - The client has made a request. This annotation depicts the start of the span.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p><strong>sr</strong> - Server Received - The server side got the request and will start processing it.
|
|
If one subtracts the cs timestamp from this timestamp one will receive the network latency.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p><strong>ss</strong> - Server Sent - Annotated upon completion of request processing (when the response
|
|
got sent back to the client). If one subtracts the sr timestamp from this timestamp one
|
|
will receive the time needed by the server side to process the request.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p><strong>cr</strong> - Client Received - Signifies the end of the span. The client has successfully received the
|
|
response from the server side. If one subtracts the cs timestamp from this timestamp one
|
|
will receive the whole time needed by the client to receive the response from the server.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Visualization of what <strong>Span</strong> and <strong>Trace</strong> will look in a system together with the Zipkin annotations:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="imageblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-sleuth/master/docs/src/main/asciidoc/images/trace-id.png" alt="Trace Info propagation">
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Each color of a note signifies a span (7 spans - from <strong>A</strong> to <strong>G</strong>). If you have such information in the note:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre class="highlight"><code>Trace Id = X
|
|
Span Id = D
|
|
Client Sent</code></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>That means that the current span has <strong>Trace-Id</strong> set to <strong>X</strong>, <strong>Span-Id</strong> set to <strong>D</strong>. It also has emitted
|
|
<strong>Client Sent</strong> event.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This is how the visualization of the parent / child relationship of spans would look like:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="imageblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-sleuth/master/docs/src/main/asciidoc/images/parents.png" alt="Parent child relationship">
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect2">
|
|
<h3 id="_purpose">Purpose</h3>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>In the following sections the example from the image above will be taken into consideration.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect3">
|
|
<h4 id="_distributed_tracing_with_zipkin">Distributed tracing with Zipkin</h4>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Altogether there are <strong>7 spans</strong> . If you go to traces in Zipkin you will see this number in the second trace:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="imageblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-sleuth/master/docs/src/main/asciidoc/images/zipkin-traces.png" alt="Traces">
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>However if you pick a particular trace then you will see <strong>4 spans</strong>:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="imageblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-sleuth/master/docs/src/main/asciidoc/images/zipkin-ui.png" alt="Traces Info propagation">
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="admonitionblock note">
|
|
<table>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td class="icon">
|
|
<div class="title">Note</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td class="content">
|
|
When picking a particular trace you will see merged spans. That means that if there were 2 spans sent to
|
|
Zipkin with Server Received and Server Sent / Client Received and Client Sent
|
|
annotations then they will presented as a single span.
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Why is there a difference between the 7 and 4 spans in this case?</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="ulist">
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>2 spans come from <code>http:/start</code> span. It has the Server Received (SR) and Server Sent (SS) annotations.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>2 spans come from the RPC call from <code>service1</code> to <code>service2</code> to the <code>http:/foo</code> endpoint. It has the Client Sent (CS)
|
|
and Client Received (CR) annotations on <code>service1</code> side. It also has Server Received (SR) and Server Sent (SS) annotations
|
|
on the <code>service2</code> side. Physically there are 2 spans but they form 1 logical span related to an RPC call.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>2 spans come from the RPC call from <code>service2</code> to <code>service3</code> to the <code>http:/bar</code> endpoint. It has the Client Sent (CS)
|
|
and Client Received (CR) annotations on <code>service2</code> side. It also has Server Received (SR) and Server Sent (SS) annotations
|
|
on the <code>service3</code> side. Physically there are 2 spans but they form 1 logical span related to an RPC call.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>2 spans come from the RPC call from <code>service2</code> to <code>service4</code> to the <code>http:/baz</code> endpoint. It has the Client Sent (CS)
|
|
and Client Received (CR) annotations on <code>service2</code> side. It also has Server Received (SR) and Server Sent (SS) annotations
|
|
on the <code>service4</code> side. Physically there are 2 spans but they form 1 logical span related to an RPC call.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>So if we count the physical spans we have <strong>1</strong> from <code>http:/start</code>, <strong>2</strong> from <code>service1</code> calling <code>service2</code>, <strong>2</strong> form <code>service2</code>
|
|
calling <code>service3</code> and <strong>2</strong> from <code>service2</code> calling <code>service4</code>. Altogether <strong>7</strong> spans.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Logically we see the information of <strong>Total Spans: 4</strong> because we have <strong>1</strong> span related to the incoming request
|
|
to <code>service1</code> and <strong>3</strong> spans related to RPC calls.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect3">
|
|
<h4 id="_visualizing_errors">Visualizing errors</h4>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Zipkin allows you to visualize errors in your trace. When an exception was thrown and wasn’t caught then we’re
|
|
setting proper tags on the span which Zipkin can properly colorize. You could see in the list of traces one
|
|
trace that was in red color. That’s because there was an exception thrown.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>If you click that trace then you’ll see a similar picture</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="imageblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-sleuth/master/docs/src/main/asciidoc/images/zipkin-error-traces.png" alt="Error Traces">
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Then if you click on one of the spans you’ll see the following</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="imageblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-sleuth/master/docs/src/main/asciidoc/images/zipkin-error-trace-screenshot.png" alt="Error Traces Info propagation">
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>As you can see you can easily see the reason for an error and the whole stacktrace related to it.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect3">
|
|
<h4 id="_live_examples">Live examples</h4>
|
|
<div class="imageblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<a class="image" href="http://docssleuth-zipkin-server.cfapps.io/"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-sleuth/master/docs/src/main/asciidoc/images/pws.png" alt="Zipkin deployed on Pivotal Web Services" width="150" height="74"></a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="title">Click Pivotal Web Services icon to see it live!Click Pivotal Web Services icon to see it live!</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The dependency graph in Zipkin would look like this:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="imageblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-sleuth/master/docs/src/main/asciidoc/images/dependencies.png" alt="Dependencies">
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="imageblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<a class="image" href="http://docssleuth-zipkin-server.cfapps.io/dependency"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-sleuth/master/docs/src/main/asciidoc/images/pws.png" alt="Zipkin deployed on Pivotal Web Services" width="150" height="74"></a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="title">Click Pivotal Web Services icon to see it live!Click Pivotal Web Services icon to see it live!</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect3">
|
|
<h4 id="_log_correlation">Log correlation</h4>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>When grepping the logs of those four applications by trace id equal to e.g. <code>2485ec27856c56f4</code> one would get the following:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre class="highlight"><code>service1.log:2016-02-26 11:15:47.561 INFO [service1,2485ec27856c56f4,2485ec27856c56f4,true] 68058 --- [nio-8081-exec-1] i.s.c.sleuth.docs.service1.Application : Hello from service1. Calling service2
|
|
service2.log:2016-02-26 11:15:47.710 INFO [service2,2485ec27856c56f4,9aa10ee6fbde75fa,true] 68059 --- [nio-8082-exec-1] i.s.c.sleuth.docs.service2.Application : Hello from service2. Calling service3 and then service4
|
|
service3.log:2016-02-26 11:15:47.895 INFO [service3,2485ec27856c56f4,1210be13194bfe5,true] 68060 --- [nio-8083-exec-1] i.s.c.sleuth.docs.service3.Application : Hello from service3
|
|
service2.log:2016-02-26 11:15:47.924 INFO [service2,2485ec27856c56f4,9aa10ee6fbde75fa,true] 68059 --- [nio-8082-exec-1] i.s.c.sleuth.docs.service2.Application : Got response from service3 [Hello from service3]
|
|
service4.log:2016-02-26 11:15:48.134 INFO [service4,2485ec27856c56f4,1b1845262ffba49d,true] 68061 --- [nio-8084-exec-1] i.s.c.sleuth.docs.service4.Application : Hello from service4
|
|
service2.log:2016-02-26 11:15:48.156 INFO [service2,2485ec27856c56f4,9aa10ee6fbde75fa,true] 68059 --- [nio-8082-exec-1] i.s.c.sleuth.docs.service2.Application : Got response from service4 [Hello from service4]
|
|
service1.log:2016-02-26 11:15:48.182 INFO [service1,2485ec27856c56f4,2485ec27856c56f4,true] 68058 --- [nio-8081-exec-1] i.s.c.sleuth.docs.service1.Application : Got response from service2 [Hello from service2, response from service3 [Hello from service3] and from service4 [Hello from service4]]</code></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>If you’re using a log aggregating tool like <a href="https://www.elastic.co/products/kibana">Kibana</a>,
|
|
<a href="http://www.splunk.com/">Splunk</a> etc. you can order the events that took place. An example of
|
|
Kibana would look like this:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="imageblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-sleuth/master/docs/src/main/asciidoc/images/kibana.png" alt="Log correlation with Kibana">
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>If you want to use <a href="https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/current/index.html">Logstash</a> here is the Grok pattern for Logstash:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre class="highlight"><code>filter {
|
|
# pattern matching logback pattern
|
|
grok {
|
|
match => { "message" => "%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:timestamp}\s+%{LOGLEVEL:severity}\s+\[%{DATA:service},%{DATA:trace},%{DATA:span},%{DATA:exportable}\]\s+%{DATA:pid}---\s+\[%{DATA:thread}\]\s+%{DATA:class}\s+:\s+%{GREEDYDATA:rest}" }
|
|
}
|
|
}</code></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="admonitionblock note">
|
|
<table>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td class="icon">
|
|
<div class="title">Note</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td class="content">
|
|
If you want to use Grok together with the logs from Cloud Foundry you have to use this pattern:
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre class="highlight"><code>filter {
|
|
# pattern matching logback pattern
|
|
grok {
|
|
match => { "message" => "(?m)OUT\s+%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:timestamp}\s+%{LOGLEVEL:severity}\s+\[%{DATA:service},%{DATA:trace},%{DATA:span},%{DATA:exportable}\]\s+%{DATA:pid}---\s+\[%{DATA:thread}\]\s+%{DATA:class}\s+:\s+%{GREEDYDATA:rest}" }
|
|
}
|
|
}</code></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect4">
|
|
<h5 id="_json_logback_with_logstash">JSON Logback with Logstash</h5>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Often you do not want to store your logs in a text file but in a JSON file that Logstash can immediately pick. To do that you have to do the following (for readability
|
|
we’re passing the dependencies in the <code>groupId:artifactId:version</code> notation.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><strong>Dependencies setup</strong></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="ulist">
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Ensure that Logback is on the classpath (<code>ch.qos.logback:logback-core</code>)</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Add Logstash Logback encode - example for version <code>4.6</code> : <code>net.logstash.logback:logstash-logback-encoder:4.6</code></p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><strong>Logback setup</strong></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Below you can find an example of a Logback configuration (file named <a href="https://github.com/spring-cloud-samples/sleuth-documentation-apps/blob/master/service1/src/main/resources/logback-spring.xml">logback-spring.xml</a>) that:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="ulist">
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>logs information from the application in a JSON format to a <code>build/${spring.application.name}.json</code> file</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>has commented out two additional appenders - console and standard log file</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>has the same logging pattern as the one presented in the previous section</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">Unresolved directive in intro.adoc - include::https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-cloud-samples/sleuth-documentation-apps/master/service1/src/main/resources/logback-spring.xml[]
|
|
|
|
NOTE: If you're using a custom `logback-spring.xml` then you have to pass the `spring.application.name` in
|
|
`bootstrap` instead of `application` property file. Otherwise your custom logback file won't read the property properly.
|
|
|
|
=== Adding to the project
|
|
|
|
==== Only Sleuth (log correlation)
|
|
|
|
If you want to profit only from Spring Cloud Sleuth without the Zipkin integration just add
|
|
the `spring-cloud-starter-sleuth` module to your project.
|
|
|
|
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,attributes",role="primary"]
|
|
.Maven
|
|
----
|
|
<dependencyManagement> <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
<dependencies>
|
|
<dependency>
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
|
|
<version>Brixton.RELEASE</version>
|
|
<type>pom</type>
|
|
<scope>import</scope>
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
</dependencies>
|
|
</dependencyManagement>
|
|
|
|
<dependency> <b class="conum">(2)</b>
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
----
|
|
<1> In order not to pick versions by yourself it's much better if you add the dependency management via
|
|
the Spring BOM
|
|
<2> Add the dependency to `spring-cloud-starter-sleuth`
|
|
|
|
[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,attributes",role="secondary"]
|
|
.Gradle
|
|
----
|
|
dependencyManagement { <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
imports {
|
|
mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:Brixton.RELEASE"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
dependencies { <b class="conum">(2)</b>
|
|
compile "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-sleuth"
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
<1> In order not to pick versions by yourself it's much better if you add the dependency management via
|
|
the Spring BOM
|
|
<2> Add the dependency to `spring-cloud-starter-sleuth`
|
|
|
|
==== Sleuth with Zipkin via HTTP
|
|
|
|
If you want both Sleuth and Zipkin just add the `spring-cloud-starter-zipkin` dependency.
|
|
|
|
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,attributes",role="primary"]
|
|
.Maven
|
|
----
|
|
<dependencyManagement> <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
<dependencies>
|
|
<dependency>
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
|
|
<version>Brixton.RELEASE</version>
|
|
<type>pom</type>
|
|
<scope>import</scope>
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
</dependencies>
|
|
</dependencyManagement>
|
|
|
|
<dependency> <b class="conum">(2)</b>
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
----
|
|
<1> In order not to pick versions by yourself it's much better if you add the dependency management via
|
|
the Spring BOM
|
|
<2> Add the dependency to `spring-cloud-starter-zipkin`
|
|
|
|
[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,attributes",role="secondary"]
|
|
.Gradle
|
|
----
|
|
dependencyManagement { <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
imports {
|
|
mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:Brixton.RELEASE"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
dependencies { <b class="conum">(2)</b>
|
|
compile "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-zipkin"
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
<1> In order not to pick versions by yourself it's much better if you add the dependency management via
|
|
the Spring BOM
|
|
<2> Add the dependency to `spring-cloud-starter-zipkin`
|
|
|
|
==== Sleuth with Zipkin via Spring Cloud Stream
|
|
|
|
If you want both Sleuth and Zipkin just add the `spring-cloud-sleuth-stream` dependency.
|
|
|
|
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,attributes",role="primary"]
|
|
.Maven
|
|
----
|
|
<dependencyManagement> <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
<dependencies>
|
|
<dependency>
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
|
|
<version>Brixton.RELEASE</version>
|
|
<type>pom</type>
|
|
<scope>import</scope>
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
</dependencies>
|
|
</dependencyManagement>
|
|
|
|
<dependency> <b class="conum">(2)</b>
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>spring-cloud-sleuth-stream</artifactId>
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
<dependency> <b class="conum">(3)</b>
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
<!-- EXAMPLE FOR RABBIT BINDING -->
|
|
<dependency> <b class="conum">(4)</b>
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit</artifactId>
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
----
|
|
<1> In order not to pick versions by yourself it's much better if you add the dependency management via
|
|
the Spring BOM
|
|
<2> Add the dependency to `spring-cloud-sleuth-stream`
|
|
<3> Add the dependency to `spring-cloud-starter-sleuth` - that way all dependant dependencies will be downloaded
|
|
<4> Add a binder (e.g. Rabbit binder) to tell Spring Cloud Stream what it should bind to
|
|
|
|
[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,attributes",role="secondary"]
|
|
.Gradle
|
|
----
|
|
dependencyManagement { <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
imports {
|
|
mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:Brixton.RELEASE"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
dependencies {
|
|
compile "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-sleuth-stream" <b class="conum">(2)</b>
|
|
compile "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-sleuth" <b class="conum">(3)</b>
|
|
// Example for Rabbit binding
|
|
compile "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit" <b class="conum">(4)</b>
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
<1> In order not to pick versions by yourself it's much better if you add the dependency management via
|
|
the Spring BOM
|
|
<2> Add the dependency to `spring-cloud-sleuth-stream`
|
|
<3> Add the dependency to `spring-cloud-starter-sleuth` - that way all dependant dependencies will be downloaded
|
|
<4> Add a binder (e.g. Rabbit binder) to tell Spring Cloud Stream what it should bind to
|
|
|
|
==== Spring Cloud Sleuth Stream Zipkin Collector
|
|
|
|
If you want to start a Spring Cloud Sleuth Stream Zipkin collector just add the `spring-cloud-sleuth-zipkin-stream`
|
|
dependency
|
|
|
|
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,attributes",role="primary"]
|
|
.Maven
|
|
----
|
|
<dependencyManagement> <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
<dependencies>
|
|
<dependency>
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
|
|
<version>Brixton.RELEASE</version>
|
|
<type>pom</type>
|
|
<scope>import</scope>
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
</dependencies>
|
|
</dependencyManagement>
|
|
|
|
<dependency> <b class="conum">(2)</b>
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>spring-cloud-sleuth-zipkin-stream</artifactId>
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
<dependency> <b class="conum">(3)</b>
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
<!-- EXAMPLE FOR RABBIT BINDING -->
|
|
<dependency> <b class="conum">(4)</b>
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit</artifactId>
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
----
|
|
<1> In order not to pick versions by yourself it's much better if you add the dependency management via
|
|
the Spring BOM
|
|
<2> Add the dependency to `spring-cloud-sleuth-zipkin-stream`
|
|
<3> Add the dependency to `spring-cloud-starter-sleuth` - that way all dependant dependencies will be downloaded
|
|
<4> Add a binder (e.g. Rabbit binder) to tell Spring Cloud Stream what it should bind to
|
|
|
|
[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,attributes",role="secondary"]
|
|
.Gradle
|
|
----
|
|
dependencyManagement { <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
imports {
|
|
mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:Brixton.RELEASE"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
dependencies {
|
|
compile "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-sleuth-zipkin-stream" <b class="conum">(2)</b>
|
|
compile "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-sleuth" <b class="conum">(3)</b>
|
|
// Example for Rabbit binding
|
|
compile "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit" <b class="conum">(4)</b>
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
<1> In order not to pick versions by yourself it's much better if you add the dependency management via
|
|
the Spring BOM
|
|
<2> Add the dependency to `spring-cloud-sleuth-zipkin-stream`
|
|
<3> Add the dependency to `spring-cloud-starter-sleuth` - that way all dependant dependencies will be downloaded
|
|
<4> Add a binder (e.g. Rabbit binder) to tell Spring Cloud Stream what it should bind to
|
|
|
|
and then just annotate your main class with `@EnableZipkinStreamServer` annotation:
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
package example;
|
|
|
|
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
|
|
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
|
|
import org.springframework.cloud.sleuth.zipkin.stream.EnableZipkinStreamServer;
|
|
|
|
@SpringBootApplication
|
|
@EnableZipkinStreamServer
|
|
public class ZipkinStreamServerApplication {
|
|
|
|
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
|
|
SpringApplication.run(ZipkinStreamServerApplication.class, args);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
== Additional resources
|
|
|
|
*Marcin Grzejszczak talking about Spring Cloud Sleuth and Zipkin*
|
|
|
|
video::eQV71Mw1u1c[youtube]
|
|
|
|
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQV71Mw1u1c[click here to see the video]
|
|
|
|
== Features
|
|
|
|
* Adds trace and span ids to the Slf4J MDC, so you can extract all the logs from a given trace or span in a log aggregator. Example logs:
|
|
+
|
|
----
|
|
2016-02-02 15:30:57.902 INFO [bar,6bfd228dc00d216b,6bfd228dc00d216b,false] 23030 --- [nio-8081-exec-3] ...
|
|
2016-02-02 15:30:58.372 ERROR [bar,6bfd228dc00d216b,6bfd228dc00d216b,false] 23030 --- [nio-8081-exec-3] ...
|
|
2016-02-02 15:31:01.936 INFO [bar,46ab0d418373cbc9,46ab0d418373cbc9,false] 23030 --- [nio-8081-exec-4] ...
|
|
----
|
|
+
|
|
notice the `[appname,traceId,spanId,exportable]` entries from the MDC:
|
|
|
|
- *spanId* - the id of a specific operation that took place
|
|
- *appname* - the name of the application that logged the span
|
|
- *traceId* - the id of the latency graph that contains the span
|
|
- *exportable* - whether the log should be exported to Zipkin or not. When would you like the span not to be
|
|
exportable? In the case in which you want to wrap some operation in a Span and have it written to the logs
|
|
only.
|
|
|
|
* Provides an abstraction over common distributed tracing data models: traces, spans (forming a DAG), annotations,
|
|
key-value annotations. Loosely based on HTrace, but Zipkin (Dapper) compatible.
|
|
|
|
* Sleuth records timing information to aid in latency analysis. Using sleuth, you can pinpoint causes of
|
|
latency in your applications. Sleuth is written to not log too much, and to not cause your production application to crash.
|
|
- propagates structural data about your call-graph in-band, and the rest out-of-band.
|
|
- includes opinionated instrumentation of layers such as HTTP
|
|
- includes sampling policy to manage volume
|
|
- can report to a Zipkin system for query and visualization
|
|
|
|
* Instruments common ingress and egress points from Spring applications (servlet filter, async endpoints,
|
|
rest template, scheduled actions, message channels, zuul filters, feign client).
|
|
|
|
* Sleuth includes default logic to join a trace across http or messaging boundaries. For example, http propagation
|
|
works via Zipkin-compatible request headers. This propagation logic is defined and customized via
|
|
`SpanInjector` and `SpanExtractor` implementations.
|
|
|
|
* Sleuth gives you the possibility to propagate context (also known as baggage) between processes. That means that if you set on a Span
|
|
a baggage element then it will be sent downstream either via HTTP or messaging to other processes.
|
|
|
|
* Provides simple metrics of accepted / dropped spans.
|
|
|
|
* If `spring-cloud-sleuth-zipkin` then the app will generate and collect Zipkin-compatible traces.
|
|
By default it sends them via HTTP to a Zipkin server on localhost (port 9411).
|
|
Configure the location of the service using `spring.zipkin.baseUrl`.
|
|
|
|
* If `spring-cloud-sleuth-stream` then the app will generate and collect traces via https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-stream[Spring Cloud Stream].
|
|
Your app automatically becomes a producer of tracer messages that are sent over your broker of choice
|
|
(e.g. RabbitMQ, Apache Kafka, Redis).
|
|
|
|
IMPORTANT: If using Zipkin or Stream, configure the percentage of spans exported using `spring.sleuth.sampler.percentage`
|
|
(default 0.1, i.e. 10%). *Otherwise you might think that Sleuth is not working cause it's omitting some spans.*
|
|
|
|
NOTE: the SLF4J MDC is always set and logback users will immediately see the trace and span ids in logs per the example
|
|
above. Other logging systems have to configure their own formatter to get the same result. The default is
|
|
`logging.pattern.level` set to `%clr(%5p) %clr([${spring.application.name:},%X{X-B3-TraceId:-},%X{X-B3-SpanId:-},%X{X-Span-Export:-}]){yellow}`
|
|
(this is a Spring Boot feature for logback users).
|
|
*This means that if you're not using SLF4J this pattern WILL NOT be automatically applied*.
|
|
|
|
== Sampling
|
|
|
|
In distributed tracing the data volumes can be very high so sampling
|
|
can be important (you usually don't need to export all spans to get a
|
|
good picture of what is happening). Spring Cloud Sleuth has a
|
|
`Sampler` strategy that you can implement to take control of the
|
|
sampling algorithm. Samplers do not stop span (correlation) ids from
|
|
being generated, but they do prevent the tags and events being
|
|
attached and exported. By default you get a strategy that continues to
|
|
trace if a span is already active, but new ones are always marked as
|
|
non-exportable. If all your apps run with this sampler you will see
|
|
traces in logs, but not in any remote store. For testing the default
|
|
is often enough, and it probably is all you need if you are only using
|
|
the logs (e.g. with an ELK aggregator). If you are exporting span data
|
|
to Zipkin or Spring Cloud Stream, there is also an `AlwaysSampler`
|
|
that exports everything and a `PercentageBasedSampler` that samples a
|
|
fixed fraction of spans.
|
|
|
|
NOTE: the `PercentageBasedSampler` is the default if you are using
|
|
`spring-cloud-sleuth-zipkin` or `spring-cloud-sleuth-stream`. You can
|
|
configure the exports using `spring.sleuth.sampler.percentage`. The passed
|
|
value needs to be a double from `0.0` to `1.0` so it's not a percentage.
|
|
For backwards compatibility reasons we're not changing the property name.
|
|
|
|
A sampler can be installed just by creating a bean definition, e.g:
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
@Bean
|
|
public Sampler defaultSampler() {
|
|
return new AlwaysSampler();
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
TIP: You can set the HTTP header `X-B3-Flags` to `1` or when doing messaging you can
|
|
set `spanFlags` header to `1`. Then the current span will be forced to be exportable
|
|
regardless of the sampling decision.
|
|
|
|
== Instrumentation
|
|
|
|
Spring Cloud Sleuth instruments all your Spring application
|
|
automatically, so you shouldn't have to do anything to activate
|
|
it. The instrumentation is added using a variety of technologies
|
|
according to the stack that is available, e.g. for a servlet web
|
|
application we use a `Filter`, and for Spring Integration we use
|
|
`ChannelInterceptors`.
|
|
|
|
You can customize the keys used in span tags. To limit the volume of
|
|
span data, by default an HTTP request will be tagged only with a
|
|
handful of metadata like the status code, host and URL. You can add
|
|
request headers by configuring `spring.sleuth.keys.http.headers` (a
|
|
list of header names).
|
|
|
|
NOTE: Remember that tags are only collected and exported if there is a
|
|
`Sampler` that allows it (by default there is not, so there is no
|
|
danger of accidentally collecting too much data without configuring
|
|
something).
|
|
|
|
NOTE: Currently the instrumentation in Spring Cloud Sleuth is eager - it means that
|
|
we're actively trying to pass the tracing context between threads. Also timing events
|
|
are captured even when sleuth isn't exporting data to a tracing system.
|
|
This approach may change in the future towards being lazy on this matter.
|
|
|
|
== Span lifecycle
|
|
|
|
You can do the following operations on the Span by means of *org.springframework.cloud.sleuth.Tracer* interface:
|
|
|
|
- <<creating-and-closing-spans, start>> - when you start a span its name is assigned and start timestamp is recorded.
|
|
- <<creating-and-closing-spans, close>> - the span gets finished (the end time of the span is recorded) and if
|
|
the span is *exportable* then it will be eligible for collection to Zipkin.
|
|
The span is also removed from the current thread.
|
|
- <<continuing-spans, continue>> - a new instance of span will be created whereas it will be a copy of the
|
|
one that it continues.
|
|
- <<continuing-spans, detach>> - the span doesn't get stopped or closed. It only gets removed from the current thread.
|
|
- <<creating-spans-with-explicit-parent, create with explicit parent>> - you can create a new span and set an explicit parent to it
|
|
|
|
TIP: Spring creates the instance of `Tracer` for you. In order to use it all you need is to just autowire it.
|
|
|
|
=== Creating and closing spans [[creating-and-closing-spans]]
|
|
|
|
You can manually create spans by using the *Tracer* interface.
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
// Start a span. If there was a span present in this thread it will become
|
|
// the `newSpan`'s parent.
|
|
Span newSpan = this.tracer.createSpan("calculateTax");
|
|
try {
|
|
// ...
|
|
// You can tag a span
|
|
this.tracer.addTag("taxValue", taxValue);
|
|
// ...
|
|
// You can log an event on a span
|
|
newSpan.logEvent("taxCalculated");
|
|
} finally {
|
|
// Once done remember to close the span. This will allow collecting
|
|
// the span to send it to Zipkin
|
|
this.tracer.close(newSpan);
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
In this example we could see how to create a new instance of span. Assuming that there already
|
|
was a span present in this thread then it would become the parent of that span.
|
|
|
|
IMPORTANT: Always clean after you create a span! Don't forget to close a span if you want to send it to Zipkin.
|
|
|
|
=== Continuing spans [[continuing-spans]]
|
|
|
|
Sometimes you don't want to create a new span but you want to continue one. Example of such a
|
|
situation might be (of course it all depends on the use-case):
|
|
|
|
- *AOP* - If there was already a span created before an aspect was reached then you might not want to create a new span.
|
|
- *Hystrix* - executing a Hystrix command is most likely a logical part of the current processing. It's in fact
|
|
only a technical implementation detail that you wouldn't necessarily want to reflect in tracing as a separate being.
|
|
|
|
The continued instance of span is equal to the one that it continues:
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
Span continuedSpan = this.tracer.continueSpan(spanToContinue);
|
|
assertThat(continuedSpan).isEqualTo(spanToContinue);
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
To continue a span you can use the *Tracer* interface.
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
// let's assume that we're in a thread Y and we've received
|
|
// the `initialSpan` from thread X
|
|
Span continuedSpan = this.tracer.continueSpan(initialSpan);
|
|
try {
|
|
// ...
|
|
// You can tag a span
|
|
this.tracer.addTag("taxValue", taxValue);
|
|
// ...
|
|
// You can log an event on a span
|
|
continuedSpan.logEvent("taxCalculated");
|
|
} finally {
|
|
// Once done remember to detach the span. That way you'll
|
|
// safely remove it from the current thread without closing it
|
|
this.tracer.detach(continuedSpan);
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
IMPORTANT: Always clean after you create a span! Don't forget to detach a span if some work was done started in one
|
|
thread (e.g. thread X) and it's waiting for other threads (e.g. Y, Z) to finish.
|
|
Then the spans in the threads Y, Z should be detached at the end of their work. When the results are collected
|
|
the span in thread X should be closed.
|
|
|
|
=== Creating spans with an explicit parent [[creating-spans-with-explicit-parent]]
|
|
|
|
There is a possibility that you want to start a new span and provide an explicit parent of that span.
|
|
Let's assume that the parent of a span is in one thread and you want to start a new span in another thread. The
|
|
`startSpan` method of the `Tracer` interface is the method you are looking for.
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
// let's assume that we're in a thread Y and we've received
|
|
// the `initialSpan` from thread X. `initialSpan` will be the parent
|
|
// of the `newSpan`
|
|
Span newSpan = this.tracer.createSpan("calculateCommission", initialSpan);
|
|
try {
|
|
// ...
|
|
// You can tag a span
|
|
this.tracer.addTag("commissionValue", commissionValue);
|
|
// ...
|
|
// You can log an event on a span
|
|
newSpan.logEvent("commissionCalculated");
|
|
} finally {
|
|
// Once done remember to close the span. This will allow collecting
|
|
// the span to send it to Zipkin. The tags and events set on the
|
|
// newSpan will not be present on the parent
|
|
this.tracer.close(newSpan);
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
IMPORTANT: After having created such a span remember to close it. Otherwise you will see a lot of warnings in your logs
|
|
related to the fact that you have a span present in the current thread other than the one you're trying to close.
|
|
What's worse your spans won't get closed properly thus will not get collected to Zipkin.
|
|
|
|
== Naming spans
|
|
|
|
Picking a span name is not a trivial task. Span name should depict an operation name. The name should
|
|
be low cardinality (e.g. not include identifiers).
|
|
|
|
Since there is a lot of instrumentation going on some of the span names will be
|
|
artificial like:
|
|
|
|
- `controller-method-name` when received by a Controller with a method name `conrollerMethodName`
|
|
- `async` for asynchronous operations done via wrapped `Callable` and `Runnable`.
|
|
- `@Scheduled` annotated methods will return the simple name of the class.
|
|
|
|
Fortunately, for the asynchronous processing you can provide explicit naming.
|
|
|
|
=== @SpanName annotation
|
|
|
|
You can name the span explicitly via the `@SpanName` annotation.
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
@SpanName("calculateTax")
|
|
class TaxCountingRunnable implements Runnable {
|
|
|
|
@Override public void run() {
|
|
// perform logic
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
In this case, when processed in the following manner:
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
Runnable runnable = new TraceRunnable(tracer, spanNamer, new TaxCountingRunnable());
|
|
Future<?> future = executorService.submit(runnable);
|
|
// ... some additional logic ...
|
|
future.get();
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
The span will be named `calculateTax`.
|
|
|
|
=== toString() method
|
|
|
|
It's pretty rare to create separate classes for `Runnable` or `Callable`. Typically one creates an anonymous
|
|
instance of those classes. You can't annotate such classes thus to override that, if there is no `@SpanName` annotation present,
|
|
we're checking if the class has a custom implementation of the `toString()` method.
|
|
|
|
So executing such code:
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
Runnable runnable = new TraceRunnable(tracer, spanNamer, new Runnable() {
|
|
@Override public void run() {
|
|
// perform logic
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
@Override public String toString() {
|
|
return "calculateTax";
|
|
}
|
|
});
|
|
Future<?> future = executorService.submit(runnable);
|
|
// ... some additional logic ...
|
|
future.get();
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
will lead in creating a span named `calculateTax`.
|
|
|
|
== Customizations
|
|
|
|
Thanks to the `SpanInjector` and `SpanExtractor` you can customize the way spans
|
|
are created and propagated.
|
|
|
|
There are currently two built-in ways to pass tracing information between processes:
|
|
|
|
* via Spring Integration
|
|
* via HTTP
|
|
|
|
Span ids are extracted from Zipkin-compatible (B3) headers (either `Message`
|
|
or HTTP headers), to start or join an existing trace. Trace information is
|
|
injected into any outbound requests so the next hop can extract them.
|
|
|
|
The key change in comparison to the previous versions of Sleuth is that Sleuth is implementing
|
|
the Open Tracing's `TextMap` notion. In Sleuth it's called `SpanTextMap`. Basically the idea
|
|
is that any means of communication (e.g. message, http request, etc.) can be abstracted via
|
|
a `SpanTextMap`. This abstraction defines how one can insert data into the carrier and
|
|
how to retrieve it from there. Thanks to this if you want to instrument a new HTTP library
|
|
that uses a `FooRequest` as a mean of sending HTTP requests then you have to create an
|
|
implementation of a `SpanTextMap` that delegates calls to `FooRequest` in terms of retrieval
|
|
and insertion of HTTP headers.
|
|
|
|
=== Spring Integration
|
|
|
|
For Spring Integration there are 2 interfaces responsible for creation of a Span from a `Message`.
|
|
These are:
|
|
|
|
- `MessagingSpanTextMapExtractor`
|
|
- `MessagingSpanTextMapInjector`
|
|
|
|
You can override them by providing your own implementation.
|
|
|
|
=== HTTP
|
|
|
|
For HTTP there are 2 interfaces responsible for creation of a Span from a `Message`.
|
|
These are:
|
|
|
|
- `HttpSpanExtractor`
|
|
- `HttpSpanInjector`
|
|
|
|
You can override them by providing your own implementation.
|
|
|
|
=== Example
|
|
|
|
Let's assume that instead of the standard Zipkin compatible tracing HTTP header names
|
|
you have
|
|
|
|
* for trace id - `correlationId`
|
|
* for span id - `mySpanId`
|
|
|
|
This is a an example of a `SpanExtractor`
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
static class CustomHttpSpanExtractor implements HttpSpanExtractor {
|
|
|
|
@Override public Span joinTrace(SpanTextMap carrier) {
|
|
Map<String, String> map = TextMapUtil.asMap(carrier);
|
|
long traceId = Span.hexToId(map.get("correlationid"));
|
|
long spanId = Span.hexToId(map.get("myspanid"));
|
|
// extract all necessary headers
|
|
Span.SpanBuilder builder = Span.builder().traceId(traceId).spanId(spanId);
|
|
// build rest of the Span
|
|
return builder.build();
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static class CustomHttpSpanInjector implements HttpSpanInjector {
|
|
|
|
@Override
|
|
public void inject(Span span, SpanTextMap carrier) {
|
|
carrier.put("correlationId", span.traceIdString());
|
|
carrier.put("mySpanId", Span.idToHex(span.getSpanId()));
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
And you could register it like this:
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
@Bean
|
|
HttpSpanInjector customHttpSpanInjector() {
|
|
return new CustomHttpSpanInjector();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
@Bean
|
|
HttpSpanExtractor customHttpSpanExtractor() {
|
|
return new CustomHttpSpanExtractor();
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
Spring Cloud Sleuth does not add trace/span related headers to the Http Response for security reasons. If you need the headers then a custom `SpanInjector`
|
|
that injects the headers into the Http Response and a Servlet filter which makes use of this can be added the following way:
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
static class CustomHttpServletResponseSpanInjector extends ZipkinHttpSpanInjector {
|
|
|
|
@Override
|
|
public void inject(Span span, SpanTextMap carrier) {
|
|
super.inject(span, carrier);
|
|
carrier.put(Span.TRACE_ID_NAME, span.traceIdString());
|
|
carrier.put(Span.SPAN_ID_NAME, Span.idToHex(span.getSpanId()));
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static class HttpResponseInjectingTraceFilter extends GenericFilterBean {
|
|
|
|
private final Tracer tracer;
|
|
private final HttpSpanInjector spanInjector;
|
|
|
|
public HttpResponseInjectingTraceFilter(Tracer tracer, HttpSpanInjector spanInjector) {
|
|
this.tracer = tracer;
|
|
this.spanInjector = spanInjector;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
@Override
|
|
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
|
|
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
|
|
Span currentSpan = this.tracer.getCurrentSpan();
|
|
this.spanInjector.inject(currentSpan, new HttpServletResponseTextMap(response));
|
|
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
class HttpServletResponseTextMap implements SpanTextMap {
|
|
|
|
private final HttpServletResponse delegate;
|
|
|
|
HttpServletResponseTextMap(HttpServletResponse delegate) {
|
|
this.delegate = delegate;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
@Override
|
|
public Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> iterator() {
|
|
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
|
|
for (String header : this.delegate.getHeaderNames()) {
|
|
map.put(header, this.delegate.getHeader(header));
|
|
}
|
|
return map.entrySet().iterator();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
@Override
|
|
public void put(String key, String value) {
|
|
this.delegate.addHeader(key, value);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
And you could register them like this:
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
@Bean HttpSpanInjector customHttpServletResponseSpanInjector() {
|
|
return new CustomHttpServletResponseSpanInjector();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
@Bean
|
|
HttpResponseInjectingTraceFilter responseInjectingTraceFilter(Tracer tracer) {
|
|
return new HttpResponseInjectingTraceFilter(tracer, customHttpServletResponseSpanInjector());
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
=== Custom SA tag in Zipkin
|
|
|
|
Sometimes you want to create a manual Span that will wrap a call to an external service which is not instrumented.
|
|
What you can do is to create a span with the `peer.service` tag that will contain a value of the service that you want to call.
|
|
Below you can see an example of a call to Redis that is wrapped in such a span.
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
org.springframework.cloud.sleuth.Span newSpan = tracer.createSpan("redis");
|
|
try {
|
|
newSpan.tag("redis.op", "get");
|
|
newSpan.tag("lc", "redis");
|
|
newSpan.logEvent(org.springframework.cloud.sleuth.Span.CLIENT_SEND);
|
|
// call redis service e.g
|
|
// return (SomeObj) redisTemplate.opsForHash().get("MYHASH", someObjKey);
|
|
} finally {
|
|
newSpan.tag("peer.service", "redisService");
|
|
newSpan.tag("peer.ipv4", "1.2.3.4");
|
|
newSpan.tag("peer.port", "1234");
|
|
newSpan.logEvent(org.springframework.cloud.sleuth.Span.CLIENT_RECV);
|
|
tracer.close(newSpan);
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
IMPORTANT: Remember not to add both `peer.service` tag and the `SA` tag! You have to add only `peer.service`.
|
|
|
|
=== Custom service name
|
|
|
|
By default Sleuth assumes that when you send a span to Zipkin, you want the span's service name
|
|
to be equal to `spring.application.name` value. That's not always the case though. There
|
|
are situations in which you want to explicitly provide a different service name for all spans coming
|
|
from your application. To achieve that it's enough to just pass the following property
|
|
to your application to override that value (example for `foo` service name):
|
|
|
|
[source,yaml]
|
|
----
|
|
spring.zipkin.service.name: foo
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
=== Host locator
|
|
|
|
In order to define the host that is corresponding to a particular span we need to resolve the host name
|
|
and port. The default approach is to take it from server properties. If those for some reason are not set
|
|
then we're trying to retrieve the host name from the network interfaces.
|
|
|
|
If you have the discovery client enabled and prefer to retrieve the host address from the registered
|
|
instance in a service registry then you have to set the property (it's applicable for both HTTP and
|
|
Stream based span reporting).
|
|
|
|
[source,yaml]
|
|
----
|
|
spring.zipkin.locator.discovery.enabled: true
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
== Span Data as Messages
|
|
|
|
You can accumulate and send span data over
|
|
http://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-stream[Spring Cloud Stream] by
|
|
including the `spring-cloud-sleuth-stream` jar as a dependency, and
|
|
adding a Channel Binder implementation
|
|
(e.g. `spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit` for RabbitMQ or
|
|
`spring-cloud-starter-stream-kafka` for Kafka). This will
|
|
automatically turn your app into a producer of messages with payload
|
|
type `Spans`.
|
|
|
|
=== Zipkin Consumer
|
|
|
|
There is a special convenience annotation for setting up a message consumer
|
|
for the Span data and pushing it into a Zipkin `SpanStore`. This application
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
@SpringBootApplication
|
|
@EnableZipkinStreamServer
|
|
public class Consumer {
|
|
public static void main(String[] args) {
|
|
SpringApplication.run(Consumer.class, args);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
will listen for the Span data on whatever transport you provide via a
|
|
Spring Cloud Stream `Binder` (e.g. include
|
|
`spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit` for RabbitMQ, and similar
|
|
starters exist for Redis and Kafka). If you add the following UI dependency
|
|
|
|
[source,xml]
|
|
----
|
|
<groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>zipkin-autoconfigure-ui</artifactId>
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
Then you'll have your app a
|
|
https://github.com/openzipkin/zipkin[Zipkin server], which hosts
|
|
the UI and api on port 9411.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The default `SpanStore` is in-memory (good for demos and getting
|
|
started quickly). For a more robust solution you can add MySQL and
|
|
`spring-boot-starter-jdbc` to your classpath and enable the JDBC
|
|
`SpanStore` via configuration, e.g.:
|
|
|
|
[source,yaml]
|
|
----
|
|
spring:
|
|
rabbitmq:
|
|
host: ${RABBIT_HOST:localhost}
|
|
datasource:
|
|
schema: classpath:/mysql.sql
|
|
url: jdbc:mysql://${MYSQL_HOST:localhost}/test
|
|
username: root
|
|
password: root
|
|
# Switch this on to create the schema on startup:
|
|
initialize: true
|
|
continueOnError: true
|
|
sleuth:
|
|
enabled: false
|
|
zipkin:
|
|
storage:
|
|
type: mysql
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
NOTE: The `@EnableZipkinStreamServer` is also annotated with
|
|
`@EnableZipkinServer` so the process will also expose the standard
|
|
Zipkin server endpoints for collecting spans over HTTP, and for
|
|
querying in the Zipkin Web UI.
|
|
|
|
=== Custom Consumer
|
|
|
|
A custom consumer can also easily be implemented using
|
|
`spring-cloud-sleuth-stream` and binding to the `SleuthSink`. Example:
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
@EnableBinding(SleuthSink.class)
|
|
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = SleuthStreamAutoConfiguration.class)
|
|
@MessageEndpoint
|
|
public class Consumer {
|
|
|
|
@ServiceActivator(inputChannel = SleuthSink.INPUT)
|
|
public void sink(Spans input) throws Exception {
|
|
// ... process spans
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
NOTE: the sample consumer application above explicitly excludes
|
|
`SleuthStreamAutoConfiguration` so it doesn't send messages to itself,
|
|
but this is optional (you might actually want to trace requests into
|
|
the consumer app).
|
|
|
|
In order to customize the polling mechanism you can create a bean of `PollerMetadata` type
|
|
with name equal to `StreamSpanReporter.POLLER`. Here you can find an example of such a configuration.
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
@Configuration
|
|
public static class CustomPollerConfiguration {
|
|
|
|
@Bean(name = StreamSpanReporter.POLLER)
|
|
PollerMetadata customPoller() {
|
|
PollerMetadata poller = new PollerMetadata();
|
|
poller.setMaxMessagesPerPoll(500);
|
|
poller.setTrigger(new PeriodicTrigger(5000L));
|
|
return poller;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
== Metrics
|
|
|
|
Currently Spring Cloud Sleuth registers very simple metrics related to spans.
|
|
It's using the http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/production-ready-metrics.html#production-ready-recording-metrics[Spring Boot's metrics support]
|
|
to calculate the number of accepted and dropped spans. Each time a span gets
|
|
sent to Zipkin the number of accepted spans will increase. If there's an error then
|
|
the number of dropped spans will get increased.
|
|
|
|
== Integrations
|
|
|
|
=== Runnable and Callable
|
|
|
|
If you're wrapping your logic in `Runnable` or `Callable` it's enough to wrap those classes in their Sleuth representative.
|
|
|
|
Example for `Runnable`:
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
|
|
@Override
|
|
public void run() {
|
|
// do some work
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
@Override
|
|
public String toString() {
|
|
return "spanNameFromToStringMethod";
|
|
}
|
|
};
|
|
// Manual `TraceRunnable` creation with explicit "calculateTax" Span name
|
|
Runnable traceRunnable = new TraceRunnable(tracer, spanNamer, runnable, "calculateTax");
|
|
// Wrapping `Runnable` with `Tracer`. The Span name will be taken either from the
|
|
// `@SpanName` annotation or from `toString` method
|
|
Runnable traceRunnableFromTracer = tracer.wrap(runnable);
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
Example for `Callable`:
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() {
|
|
@Override
|
|
public String call() throws Exception {
|
|
return someLogic();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
@Override
|
|
public String toString() {
|
|
return "spanNameFromToStringMethod";
|
|
}
|
|
};
|
|
// Manual `TraceCallable` creation with explicit "calculateTax" Span name
|
|
Callable<String> traceCallable = new TraceCallable<>(tracer, spanNamer, callable, "calculateTax");
|
|
// Wrapping `Callable` with `Tracer`. The Span name will be taken either from the
|
|
// `@SpanName` annotation or from `toString` method
|
|
Callable<String> traceCallableFromTracer = tracer.wrap(callable);
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
That way you will ensure that a new Span is created and closed for each execution.
|
|
|
|
=== Hystrix
|
|
|
|
==== Custom Concurrency Strategy
|
|
|
|
We're registering a custom https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix/wiki/Plugins#concurrencystrategy[`HystrixConcurrencyStrategy`]
|
|
that wraps all `Callable` instances into their Sleuth representative -
|
|
the `TraceCallable`. The strategy either starts or continues a span depending on the fact whether tracing was already going
|
|
on before the Hystrix command was called. To disable the custom Hystrix Concurrency Strategy set the `spring.sleuth.hystrix.strategy.enabled` to `false`.
|
|
|
|
==== Manual Command setting
|
|
|
|
Assuming that you have the following `HystrixCommand`:
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
HystrixCommand<String> hystrixCommand = new HystrixCommand<String>(setter) {
|
|
@Override
|
|
protected String run() throws Exception {
|
|
return someLogic();
|
|
}
|
|
};
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
In order to pass the tracing information you have to wrap the same logic in the Sleuth version of the `HystrixCommand` which is the
|
|
`TraceCommand`:
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
TraceCommand<String> traceCommand = new TraceCommand<String>(tracer, traceKeys, setter) {
|
|
@Override
|
|
public String doRun() throws Exception {
|
|
return someLogic();
|
|
}
|
|
};
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
=== RxJava
|
|
|
|
We're registering a custom https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxJava/wiki/Plugins#rxjavaschedulershook[`RxJavaSchedulersHook`]
|
|
that wraps all `Action0` instances into their Sleuth representative -
|
|
the `TraceAction`. The hook either starts or continues a span depending on the fact whether tracing was already going
|
|
on before the Action was scheduled. To disable the custom RxJavaSchedulersHook set the `spring.sleuth.rxjava.schedulers.hook.enabled` to `false`.
|
|
|
|
You can define a list of regular expressions for thread names, for which you don't want a Span to be created. Just provide a comma separated list
|
|
of regular expressions in the `spring.sleuth.rxjava.schedulers.ignoredthreads` property.
|
|
|
|
=== HTTP integration
|
|
|
|
Features from this section can be disabled by providing the `spring.sleuth.web.enabled` property with value equal to `false`.
|
|
|
|
==== HTTP Filter
|
|
|
|
Via the `TraceFilter` all sampled incoming requests result in creation of a Span. That Span's name is `http:` + the path to which
|
|
the request was sent. E.g. if the request was sent to `/foo/bar` then the name will be `http:/foo/bar`. You can configure which URIs you would
|
|
like to skip via the `spring.sleuth.web.skipPattern` property. If you have `ManagementServerProperties` on classpath then
|
|
its value of `contextPath` gets appended to the provided skip pattern.
|
|
|
|
==== HandlerInterceptor
|
|
|
|
Since we want the span names to be precise we're using a `TraceHandlerInterceptor` that either wraps an
|
|
existing `HandlerInterceptor` or is added directly to the list of existing `HandlerInterceptors`. The
|
|
`TraceHandlerInterceptor` adds a special request attribute to the given `HttpServletRequest`. If the
|
|
the `TraceFilter` doesn't see this attribute set it will create a "fallback" span which is an additional
|
|
span created on the server side so that the trace is presented properly in the UI. Seeing that most likely
|
|
signifies that there is a missing instrumentation. In that case please file an issue in Spring Cloud Sleuth.
|
|
|
|
==== Async Servlet support
|
|
|
|
If your controller returns a `Callable` or a `WebAsyncTask` Spring Cloud Sleuth will continue the existing span instead of creating a new one.
|
|
|
|
=== HTTP client integration
|
|
|
|
==== Synchronous Rest Template
|
|
|
|
We're injecting a `RestTemplate` interceptor that ensures that all the tracing information is passed to the requests. Each time a
|
|
call is made a new Span is created. It gets closed upon receiving the response. In order to block the synchronous `RestTemplate` features
|
|
just set `spring.sleuth.web.client.enabled` to `false`.
|
|
|
|
IMPORTANT: You have to register `RestTemplate` as a bean so that the interceptors will get injected.
|
|
If you create a `RestTemplate` instance with a `new` keyword then the instrumentation WILL NOT work.
|
|
|
|
==== Asynchronous Rest Template
|
|
|
|
IMPORTANT: A traced version of an `AsyncRestTemplate` bean is registered for you out of the box. If you
|
|
have your own bean you have to wrap it in a `TraceAsyncRestTemplate` representation. The best solution
|
|
is to only customize the `ClientHttpRequestFactory` and / or `AsyncClientHttpRequestFactory`.
|
|
*If you have your own `AsyncRestTemplate` and you don't wrap it your calls WILL NOT GET TRACED*.
|
|
|
|
Custom instrumentation is set to create and close Spans upon sending and receiving requests. You can customize the `ClientHttpRequestFactory`
|
|
and the `AsyncClientHttpRequestFactory` by registering your beans. Remember to use tracing compatible implementations (e.g. don't forget to
|
|
wrap `ThreadPoolTaskScheduler` in a `TraceAsyncListenableTaskExecutor`). Example of custom request factories:
|
|
|
|
[source,java]
|
|
----
|
|
@EnableAutoConfiguration
|
|
@Configuration
|
|
public static class TestConfiguration {
|
|
|
|
@Bean
|
|
ClientHttpRequestFactory mySyncClientFactory() {
|
|
return new MySyncClientHttpRequestFactory();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
@Bean
|
|
AsyncClientHttpRequestFactory myAsyncClientFactory() {
|
|
return new MyAsyncClientHttpRequestFactory();
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
To block the `AsyncRestTemplate` features set `spring.sleuth.web.async.client.enabled` to `false`.
|
|
To disable creation of the default `TraceAsyncClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper` set `spring.sleuth.web.async.client.factory.enabled`
|
|
to `false`. If you don't want to create `AsyncRestClient` at all set `spring.sleuth.web.async.client.template.enabled` to `false`.
|
|
|
|
=== Feign
|
|
|
|
By default Spring Cloud Sleuth provides integration with feign via the `TraceFeignClientAutoConfiguration`. You can disable it entirely
|
|
by setting `spring.sleuth.feign.enabled` to false. If you do so then no Feign related instrumentation will take place.
|
|
|
|
Part of Feign instrumentation is done via a `FeignBeanPostProcessor`. You can disable it by providing the `spring.sleuth.feign.processor.enabled` equal to `false`.
|
|
If you set it like this then Spring Cloud Sleuth will not instrument any of your custom Feign components. All the default instrumentation
|
|
however will be still there.
|
|
|
|
=== Asynchronous communication
|
|
|
|
==== @Async annotated methods
|
|
|
|
In Spring Cloud Sleuth we're instrumenting async related components so that the tracing information is passed between threads.
|
|
You can disable this behaviour by setting the value of `spring.sleuth.async.enabled` to `false`.
|
|
|
|
If you annotate your method with `@Async` then we'll automatically create a new Span with the following characteristics:
|
|
|
|
- the Span name will be the annotated method name
|
|
- the Span will be tagged with that method's class name and the method name too
|
|
|
|
==== @Scheduled annotated methods
|
|
|
|
In Spring Cloud Sleuth we're instrumenting scheduled method execution so that the tracing information is passed between threads. You can disable this behaviour
|
|
by setting the value of `spring.sleuth.scheduled.enabled` to `false`.
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If you annotate your method with `@Scheduled` then we'll automatically create a new Span with the following characteristics:
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- the Span name will be the annotated method name
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- the Span will be tagged with that method's class name and the method name too
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If you want to skip Span creation for some `@Scheduled` annotated classes you can set the
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`spring.sleuth.scheduled.skipPattern` with a regular expression that will match the fully qualified name of the
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`@Scheduled` annotated class.
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TIP: If you are using `spring-cloud-sleuth-stream` and `spring-cloud-netflix-hystrix-stream` together, Span will be created for each Hystrix metrics and sent to Zipkin. This may be annoying. You can prevent this by setting `spring.sleuth.scheduled.skipPattern=org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.stream.HystrixStreamTask`
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==== Executor, ExecutorService and ScheduledExecutorService
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We're providing `LazyTraceExecutor`, `TraceableExecutorService` and `TraceableScheduledExecutorService`. Those implementations
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are creating Spans each time a new task is submitted, invoked or scheduled.
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Here you can see an example of how to pass tracing information with `TraceableExecutorService` when working with `CompletableFuture`:
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[source,java]
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----
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CompletableFuture<Long> completableFuture = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
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// perform some logic
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return 1_000_000L;
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}, new TraceableExecutorService(executorService,
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// 'calculateTax' explicitly names the span - this param is optional
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tracer, traceKeys, spanNamer, "calculateTax"));
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----
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=== Messaging
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Spring Cloud Sleuth integrates with http://projects.spring.io/spring-integration/[Spring Integration]. It creates spans for publish and
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subscribe events. To disable Spring Integration instrumentation, set `spring.sleuth.integration.enabled` to false.
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Spring Cloud Sleuth up till version 1.0.4 is sending invalid tracing headers when using messaging. Those headers are actually
|
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the same as the ones sent in HTTP (they contain a `-`) in its name. For the sake of
|
|
backwards compatibility in 1.0.4 we've started sending both valid and invalid headers. Please upgrade to 1.0.4 because
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in Spring Cloud Sleuth 1.1 we will remove the support for the deprecated headers.
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You can provide the `spring.sleuth.integration.patterns` pattern to explicitly
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|
provide the names of channels that you want to include for tracing. By default all channels
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|
are included.
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|
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IMPORTANT: When using the `Executor` to build a Spring Integration `IntegrationFlow` remember to use the *untraced* version of the `Executor`.
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Decorating Spring Integration Executor Channel with `TraceableExecutorService` will cause the spans to be improperly closed.
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=== Zuul
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We're registering Zuul filters to propagate the tracing information (the request header is enriched with tracing data).
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To disable Zuul support set the `spring.sleuth.zuul.enabled` property to `false`.
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== Running examples
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You can find the running examples deployed in the https://run.pivotal.io/[Pivotal Web Services]. Check them out in the following links:
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- http://docssleuth-zipkin-server.cfapps.io/[Zipkin for apps presented in the samples to the top]
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- http://docsbrewing-zipkin-web.cfapps.io/[Zipkin for Brewery on PWS], its https://github.com/spring-cloud-samples/brewery[Github Code]</code></pre>
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