Fix OpenAI ChatResponse usage calculation when toolcalling is used

- Fix OpenAI ChatModel's call() operation

   - When toolcalling is used, calculate cumulative usage from the preceding ChatResponses

 - Fix OpenAI ChatModel's stream() operation

   - Make sure that cumulative usage is calculated from the ChatResponse which has a valid usage
     - Use overlapping buffer to check and store the usage from the response that holds the usage.

 - Add tests for both call() and stream()

models/spring-ai-openai/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/openai/OpenAiChatModel.java

@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ import org.springframework.ai.chat.metadata.ChatGenerationMetadata;
 import org.springframework.ai.chat.metadata.ChatResponseMetadata;
 import org.springframework.ai.chat.metadata.EmptyUsage;
 import org.springframework.ai.chat.metadata.RateLimit;
+import org.springframework.ai.chat.metadata.Usage;
+import org.springframework.ai.chat.metadata.UsageUtils;
 import org.springframework.ai.chat.model.AbstractToolCallSupport;
 import org.springframework.ai.chat.model.ChatModel;
 import org.springframework.ai.chat.model.ChatResponse;
@@ -99,6 +101,7 @@ import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
  * @author Mariusz Bernacki
  * @author luocongqiu
  * @author Thomas Vitale
+ * @author Ilayaperumal Gopinathan
  * @see ChatModel
  * @see StreamingChatModel
  * @see OpenAiApi
@@ -215,6 +218,10 @@ public class OpenAiChatModel extends AbstractToolCallSupport implements ChatMode
 
 	@Override
 	public ChatResponse call(Prompt prompt) {
+		return this.internalCall(prompt, null);
+	}
+
+	public ChatResponse internalCall(Prompt prompt, ChatResponse previousChatResponse) {
 
 		ChatCompletionRequest request = createRequest(prompt, false);
 
@@ -259,8 +266,12 @@ public class OpenAiChatModel extends AbstractToolCallSupport implements ChatMode
 
 				// Non function calling.
 				RateLimit rateLimit = OpenAiResponseHeaderExtractor.extractAiResponseHeaders(completionEntity);
-
-				ChatResponse chatResponse = new ChatResponse(generations, from(completionEntity.getBody(), rateLimit));
+				// Current usage
+				OpenAiApi.Usage usage = completionEntity.getBody().usage();
+				Usage currentChatResponseUsage = usage != null ? OpenAiUsage.from(usage) : new EmptyUsage();
+				Usage accumulatedUsage = UsageUtils.getCumulativeUsage(currentChatResponseUsage, previousChatResponse);
+				ChatResponse chatResponse = new ChatResponse(generations,
+						from(completionEntity.getBody(), rateLimit, accumulatedUsage));
 
 				observationContext.setResponse(chatResponse);
 
@@ -274,7 +285,7 @@ public class OpenAiChatModel extends AbstractToolCallSupport implements ChatMode
 			var toolCallConversation = handleToolCalls(prompt, response);
 			// Recursively call the call method with the tool call message
 			// conversation that contains the call responses.
-			return this.call(new Prompt(toolCallConversation, prompt.getOptions()));
+			return this.internalCall(new Prompt(toolCallConversation, prompt.getOptions()), response);
 		}
 
 		return response;
@@ -282,6 +293,10 @@ public class OpenAiChatModel extends AbstractToolCallSupport implements ChatMode
 
 	@Override
 	public Flux<ChatResponse> stream(Prompt prompt) {
+		return internalStream(prompt, null);
+	}
+
+	public Flux<ChatResponse> internalStream(Prompt prompt, ChatResponse previousChatResponse) {
 		return Flux.deferContextual(contextView -> {
 			ChatCompletionRequest request = createRequest(prompt, true);
 
@@ -337,15 +352,43 @@ public class OpenAiChatModel extends AbstractToolCallSupport implements ChatMode
 							return buildGeneration(choice, metadata, request);
 						}).toList();
 						// @formatter:on
-
-						return new ChatResponse(generations, from(chatCompletion2, null));
+						OpenAiApi.Usage usage = chatCompletion2.usage();
+						Usage currentChatResponseUsage = usage != null ? OpenAiUsage.from(usage) : new EmptyUsage();
+						Usage accumulatedUsage = UsageUtils.getCumulativeUsage(currentChatResponseUsage,
+								previousChatResponse);
+						return new ChatResponse(generations, from(chatCompletion2, null, accumulatedUsage));
 					}
 					catch (Exception e) {
 						logger.error("Error processing chat completion", e);
 						return new ChatResponse(List.of());
 					}
-
-				}));
+					// When in stream mode and enabled to include the usage, the OpenAI
+					// Chat completion response would have the usage set only in its
+					// final response. Hence, the following overlapping buffer is
+					// created to store both the current and the subsequent response
+					// to accumulate the usage from the subsequent response.
+				}))
+				.buffer(2, 1)
+				.map(bufferList -> {
+					ChatResponse firstResponse = bufferList.get(0);
+					if (request.streamOptions() != null && request.streamOptions().includeUsage()) {
+						if (bufferList.size() == 2) {
+							ChatResponse secondResponse = bufferList.get(1);
+							if (secondResponse != null && secondResponse.getMetadata() != null) {
+								// This is the usage from the final Chat response for a
+								// given Chat request.
+								Usage usage = secondResponse.getMetadata().getUsage();
+								if (!UsageUtils.isEmpty(usage)) {
+									// Store the usage from the final response to the
+									// penultimate response for accumulation.
+									return new ChatResponse(firstResponse.getResults(),
+											from(firstResponse.getMetadata(), usage));
+								}
+							}
+						}
+					}
+					return firstResponse;
+				});
 
 			// @formatter:off
 			Flux<ChatResponse> flux = chatResponse.flatMap(response -> {
@@ -355,7 +398,7 @@ public class OpenAiChatModel extends AbstractToolCallSupport implements ChatMode
 					var toolCallConversation = handleToolCalls(prompt, response);
 					// Recursively call the stream method with the tool call message
 					// conversation that contains the call responses.
-					return this.stream(new Prompt(toolCallConversation, prompt.getOptions()));
+					return this.internalStream(new Prompt(toolCallConversation, prompt.getOptions()), response);
 				}
 				else {
 					return Flux.just(response);
@@ -417,11 +460,11 @@ public class OpenAiChatModel extends AbstractToolCallSupport implements ChatMode
 		return new Generation(assistantMessage, generationMetadataBuilder.build());
 	}
 
-	private ChatResponseMetadata from(OpenAiApi.ChatCompletion result, RateLimit rateLimit) {
+	private ChatResponseMetadata from(OpenAiApi.ChatCompletion result, RateLimit rateLimit, Usage usage) {
 		Assert.notNull(result, "OpenAI ChatCompletionResult must not be null");
 		var builder = ChatResponseMetadata.builder()
 			.withId(result.id() != null ? result.id() : "")
-			.withUsage(result.usage() != null ? OpenAiUsage.from(result.usage()) : new EmptyUsage())
+			.withUsage(usage)
 			.withModel(result.model() != null ? result.model() : "")
 			.withKeyValue("created", result.created() != null ? result.created() : 0L)
 			.withKeyValue("system-fingerprint", result.systemFingerprint() != null ? result.systemFingerprint() : "");
@@ -431,6 +474,18 @@ public class OpenAiChatModel extends AbstractToolCallSupport implements ChatMode
 		return builder.build();
 	}
 
+	private ChatResponseMetadata from(ChatResponseMetadata chatResponseMetadata, Usage usage) {
+		Assert.notNull(chatResponseMetadata, "OpenAI ChatResponseMetadata must not be null");
+		var builder = ChatResponseMetadata.builder()
+			.withId(chatResponseMetadata.getId() != null ? chatResponseMetadata.getId() : "")
+			.withUsage(usage)
+			.withModel(chatResponseMetadata.getModel() != null ? chatResponseMetadata.getModel() : "");
+		if (chatResponseMetadata.getRateLimit() != null) {
+			builder.withRateLimit(chatResponseMetadata.getRateLimit());
+		}
+		return builder.build();
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Convert the ChatCompletionChunk into a ChatCompletion. The Usage is set to null.
 	 * @param chunk the ChatCompletionChunk to convert
@@ -537,7 +592,6 @@ public class OpenAiChatModel extends AbstractToolCallSupport implements ChatMode
 					OpenAiChatOptions.builder().withTools(this.getFunctionTools(enabledToolsToUse)).build(), request,
 					ChatCompletionRequest.class);
 		}
-
 		// Remove `streamOptions` from the request if it is not a streaming request
 		if (request.streamOptions() != null && !stream) {
 			logger.warn("Removing streamOptions from the request as it is not a streaming request!");

models/spring-ai-openai/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/openai/chat/OpenAiChatModelIT.java

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.ChatClient;
 import org.springframework.ai.chat.messages.AssistantMessage;
 import org.springframework.ai.chat.messages.Message;
 import org.springframework.ai.chat.messages.UserMessage;
+import org.springframework.ai.chat.metadata.DefaultUsage;
 import org.springframework.ai.chat.metadata.EmptyUsage;
 import org.springframework.ai.chat.metadata.Usage;
 import org.springframework.ai.chat.model.ChatResponse;
@@ -59,7 +60,6 @@ import org.springframework.ai.openai.api.OpenAiApi.ChatCompletionRequest.AudioPa
 import org.springframework.ai.openai.api.OpenAiApi.ChatCompletionRequest.AudioParameters.AudioResponseFormat;
 import org.springframework.ai.openai.api.OpenAiApi.ChatCompletionRequest.AudioParameters.Voice;
 import org.springframework.ai.openai.api.tool.MockWeatherService;
-import org.springframework.ai.openai.metadata.OpenAiUsage;
 import org.springframework.ai.openai.testutils.AbstractIT;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
@@ -385,6 +385,35 @@ public class OpenAiChatModelIT extends AbstractIT {
 		assertThat(content).containsAnyOf("15.0", "15");
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void functionCallUsageTest() {
+
+		UserMessage userMessage = new UserMessage("What's the weather like in San Francisco, Tokyo, and Paris?");
+
+		List<Message> messages = new ArrayList<>(List.of(userMessage));
+
+		var promptOptions = OpenAiChatOptions.builder()
+			// .withModel(OpenAiApi.ChatModel.GPT_4_TURBO_PREVIEW.getValue())
+			.withFunctionCallbacks(List.of(FunctionCallback.builder()
+				.function("getCurrentWeather", new MockWeatherService())
+				.description("Get the weather in location")
+				.inputType(MockWeatherService.Request.class)
+				.build()))
+			.build();
+
+		ChatResponse chatResponse = this.chatModel.call(new Prompt(messages, promptOptions));
+		logger.info("Response: {}", chatResponse);
+		Usage usage = chatResponse.getMetadata().getUsage();
+
+		logger.info("Usage: {}", usage);
+		assertThat(usage).isNotNull();
+		assertThat(usage).isNotInstanceOf(EmptyUsage.class);
+		assertThat(usage).isInstanceOf(DefaultUsage.class);
+		assertThat(usage.getPromptTokens()).isGreaterThan(450L).isLessThan(600L);
+		assertThat(usage.getGenerationTokens()).isGreaterThan(230L).isLessThan(360L);
+		assertThat(usage.getTotalTokens()).isGreaterThan(680L).isLessThan(900L);
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void streamFunctionCallUsageTest() {
 
@@ -403,13 +432,15 @@ public class OpenAiChatModelIT extends AbstractIT {
 			.build();
 
 		Flux<ChatResponse> response = this.streamingChatModel.stream(new Prompt(messages, promptOptions));
-
-		Usage usage = response.blockLast().getMetadata().getUsage();
+		Usage usage = response.last().block().getMetadata().getUsage();
 
 		logger.info("Usage: {}", usage);
 		assertThat(usage).isNotNull();
 		assertThat(usage).isNotInstanceOf(EmptyUsage.class);
-		assertThat(usage).isInstanceOf(OpenAiUsage.class);
+		assertThat(usage).isInstanceOf(DefaultUsage.class);
+		assertThat(usage.getPromptTokens()).isGreaterThan(450L).isLessThan(600L);
+		assertThat(usage.getGenerationTokens()).isGreaterThan(230L).isLessThan(360L);
+		assertThat(usage.getTotalTokens()).isGreaterThan(680L).isLessThan(960L);
 	}
 
 	@ParameterizedTest(name = "{0} : {displayName} ")

models/spring-ai-openai/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/openai/chat/proxy/PerplexityWithOpenAiChatModelIT.java

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
  */
 @SpringBootTest(classes = PerplexityWithOpenAiChatModelIT.Config.class)
 @EnabledIfEnvironmentVariable(named = "PERPLEXITY_API_KEY", matches = ".+")
-// @Disabled("Requires Perplexity credits")
+@Disabled("Requires Perplexity credits")
 class PerplexityWithOpenAiChatModelIT {
 
 	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PerplexityWithOpenAiChatModelIT.class);
@@ -187,6 +187,7 @@ class PerplexityWithOpenAiChatModelIT {
 
 	@Disabled()
 	@Test
+	@Disabled("Perplexity gets confused with the 'Generate the filmography for a random actor.' prompt")
 	void beanOutputConverter() {
 		BeanOutputConverter<ActorsFilms> outputConverter = new BeanOutputConverter<>(ActorsFilms.class);
 

spring-ai-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/chat/metadata/UsageUtils.java

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2024-2024 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.ai.chat.metadata;
+
+import org.springframework.ai.chat.model.ChatResponse;
+
+/**
+ * An utility class to provide support methods handling {@link Usage}.
+ *
+ * @author Ilayaperumal Gopinathan
+ */
+public class UsageUtils {
+
+	public static Usage getCumulativeUsage(final Usage currentUsage, final ChatResponse previousChatResponse) {
+		Long promptTokens = currentUsage.getPromptTokens().longValue();
+		Long generationTokens = currentUsage.getGenerationTokens().longValue();
+		Long totalTokens = currentUsage.getTotalTokens().longValue();
+		// Make sure to accumulate the usage from the previous chat response.
+		if (previousChatResponse != null && previousChatResponse.getMetadata() != null
+				&& previousChatResponse.getMetadata().getUsage() != null) {
+			Usage usageFromPreviousChatResponse = previousChatResponse.getMetadata().getUsage();
+			promptTokens += usageFromPreviousChatResponse.getPromptTokens();
+			generationTokens += usageFromPreviousChatResponse.getGenerationTokens();
+			totalTokens += usageFromPreviousChatResponse.getTotalTokens();
+		}
+		return new DefaultUsage(promptTokens, generationTokens, totalTokens);
+	}
+
+	public static boolean isEmpty(Usage usage) {
+		if (usage == null) {
+			return true;
+		}
+		else if (usage != null && usage.getTotalTokens() == 0L) {
+			return true;
+		}
+		return false;
+	}
+
+}