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[[boot-graphql]]
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= Boot Starter
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This projects builds on Boot 2.6.x, but it should be compatible with the latest Boot 2.4.x.
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For QueryDSL-related features, Spring Data 2021.1.0 or later is required.
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[[boot-graphql-project]]
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== Project Setup
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To create a project, go to https://start.spring.io and select starter(s) for the
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GraphQL transports you want to use:
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[cols="1,1,1"]
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|===
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| Starter | Transport | Implementation
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| `spring-boot-starter-web`
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| HTTP
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| Spring MVC
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| `spring-boot-starter-websocket`
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| WebSocket
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| WebSocket for Servlet apps
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| `spring-boot-starter-webflux`
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| HTTP, WebSocket
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| Spring WebFlux
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|===
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In the generated project, add `graphql-spring-boot-starter` manually:
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[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes,attributes",role="primary"]
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.Gradle
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----
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dependencies {
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// Spring GraphQL Boot starter
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implementation 'org.springframework.experimental:graphql-spring-boot-starter:{spring-graphql-version}'
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// ...
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}
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repositories {
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mavenCentral()
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maven { url 'https://repo.spring.io/milestone' } // Spring milestones
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maven { url 'https://repo.spring.io/snapshot' } // Spring snapshots
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}
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----
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[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes,attributes",role="secondary"]
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.Maven
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----
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<dependencies>
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<!-- Spring GraphQL Boot starter -->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.experimental</groupId>
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<artifactId>graphql-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
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<version>{spring-graphql-version}</version>
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</dependency>
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<!-- ... -->
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</dependencies>
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<!-- For Spring project milestones or snapshot releases -->
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<repositories>
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<repository>
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<id>spring-milestones</id>
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<name>Spring Milestones</name>
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<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
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</repository>
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<repository>
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<id>spring-snapshots</id>
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<name>Spring Snapshots</name>
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<url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
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<snapshots>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</snapshots>
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</repository>
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</repositories>
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----
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[NOTE]
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.Boot Starter Group Id
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====
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The Boot starter will move from the Spring GraphQL repository to the Spring Boot
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repository, after Spring Boot 2.6 is released. The group id for the starter will then
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change from `org.springframework.experimental` to `org.springframework.boot` and will be
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released in Spring Boot 2.7.
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====
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[[boot-graphql-schema]]
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== Schema
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By default, the Boot starter checks in `src/main/resources/graphql` for GraphQL schema
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files with extensions ".graphqls" or ".gqls". To customize this, use the following:
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[source,properties,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
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----
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spring.graphql.schema.locations=classpath:graphql/
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spring.graphql.schema.fileExtensions=.graphqls, .gqls
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----
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The GraphQL schema can be viewed at HTTP GET /graphql/schema. This is off by default and
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needs to be enabled:
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[source,properties,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
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----
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spring.graphql.schema.printer.enabled=false
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----
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[[boot-graphql-runtimewiring]]
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== RuntimeWiring
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The GraphQL Java `RuntimeWiring.Builder` can be used to register custom scalar types,
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directives, type resolvers, ``DataFetcher``s, and more. You can declare `RuntimeWiringConfigurer`
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beans in your Spring config to get access to the `RuntimeWiring.Builder`. The Boot
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starter detects such beans and adds them to <<index#execution-graphqlsource,GraphQlSource.Builder>>.
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Typically, however, applications will not implement ``DataFetcher`` directly and will
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instead create <<index#controllers,annotated controllers>>. The Boot
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starter declares a `RuntimeWiringConfigurer` called `AnnotatedControllerConfigurer` that
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detects `@Controller` classes with annotated handler methods and registers those as
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``DataFetcher``s.
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[[boot-graphql-runtimewiring-scalar]]
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=== Scalar Types
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`RuntimeWiringConfigurer` can be used to register custom scalar types:
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[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
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----
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@Bean
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RuntimeWiringConfigurer runtimeWiringConfigurer() {
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GraphQLScalarType scalarType = ...;
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return (wiringBuilder) -> wiringBuilder.scalar(scalarType);
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}
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----
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[[boot-repositories-querydsl]]
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== Querydsl Repositories
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Spring Data repositories that extend `QuerydslPredicateExecutor` or
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`ReactiveQuerydslPredicateExecutor` and are annotated with `@GraphQlRepository` are
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detected and considered as candidates for `DataFetcher`
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<<index.adoc#data-querydsl-registration,auto registration>> for matching top-level queries.
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[[boot-repositories-querybyexample]]
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== Query by Example Repositories
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Spring Data repositories that extend `QueryByExampleExecutor` or
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`ReactiveQueryByExampleExecutor` and are annotated with `@GraphQlRepository` are
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detected and considered as candidates for `DataFetcher`
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<<index.adoc#data-querybyexample-registration,auto registration>> for matching top-level queries.
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[[boot-graphql-web]]
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== Web Endpoints
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The GraphQL HTTP endpoint is at HTTP POST "/graphql" by default. The path can be customized:
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[source,properties,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
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----
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spring.graphql.path=/graphql
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----
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The GraphQL WebSocket endpoint supports WebSocket handshakes at "/graphql" by default.
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The below shows the properties that apply for WebSocket handling:
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[source,properties,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
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----
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spring.graphql.websocket.path=/graphql
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# Time within which a "CONNECTION_INIT" message must be received from the client
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spring.graphql.websocket.connection-init-timeout=60s
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----
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The GraphQL WebSocket endpoint is off by default. To enable it:
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- For a Servlet application, add the WebSocket starter `spring-boot-starter-websocket`.
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- For a WebFlux application, set the `spring.graphql.websocket.path` application property.
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Declare a `WebInterceptor` bean to have it registered in the
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<<index#web-interception,Web Interception>> for GraphQL over HTTP and WebSocket
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requests.
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Declare a `ThreadLocalAccessor` bean to assist with the propagation of `ThreadLocal`
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values of interest in <<index.adoc#execution-context-webmvc,Spring MVC>>.
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[[boot-graphql-cors]]
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== CORS
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{spring-framework-ref-docs}/web.html#mvc-cors[Spring MVC] and
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{spring-framework-ref-docs}/web-reactive.html#webflux-cors[Spring WebFlux] support CORS
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(Cross-Origin Resource Sharing) requests. CORS is a critical part of the web config for
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GraphQL applications that are accessed from browsers using different domains.
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The Boot starter supports the following CORS properties:
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[source,properties,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
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----
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spring.graphql.cors.allowed-origins=https://example.org # Comma-separated list of origins to allow. '*' allows all origins.
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spring.graphql.cors.allowed-origin-patterns= # Comma-separated list of origin patterns like 'https://*.example.com' to allow.
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spring.graphql.cors.allowed-methods=GET,POST # Comma-separated list of methods to allow. '*' allows all methods.
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spring.graphql.cors.allowed-headers= # Comma-separated list of headers to allow in a request. '*' allows all headers.
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spring.graphql.cors.exposed-headers= # Comma-separated list of headers to include in a response.
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spring.graphql.cors.allow-credentials= # Whether credentials are supported. When not set, credentials are not supported.
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spring.graphql.cors.max-age=1800s # How long the response from a pre-flight request can be cached by clients.
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----
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TIP: For more information about the properties and their meaning, check out the
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{javadoc}/org/springframework/graphql/boot/GraphQlCorsProperties.html[GraphQlCorsProperties Javadoc].
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[[boot-graphql-exception-handling]]
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== Exceptions
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Spring GraphQL enables applications to register one or more Spring
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`DataFetcherExceptionResolver` components that are invoked sequentially until one
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resolves the Exception to a list of `graphql.GraphQLError` objects. See
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<<index#execution-exceptions>> for details.
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The Boot starter detects beans of type `DataFetcherExceptionResolver` and registers them
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automatically with the `GraphQlSource.Builder`.
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[[boot-graphql-batch-loader-registry]]
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== BatchLoaderRegistry
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Spring GraphQL supports the GraphQL Java <<index#execution-batching,batch feature>> and provides
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a `BatchLoaderRegistry` to store registrations of batch loading functions. The Boot
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starter declares a `BatchLoaderRegistry` bean and configures the `ExecutionGraphQlService`
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with it so that applications can simply autowire the registry into their controllers and
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register batch loading functions.
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For example:
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[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
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----
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@Controller
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public class BookController {
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public BookController(BatchLoaderRegistry registry) {
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registry.forTypePair(Long.class, Author.class).registerBatchLoader((authorIds, env) -> {
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// load authors
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});
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}
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@SchemaMapping
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public CompletableFuture<Author> author(Book book, DataLoader<Long, Author> loader) {
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return loader.load(book.getAuthorId());
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}
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}
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----
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[[boot-graphql-graphiql]]
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== GraphiQL
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The Spring Boot starter includes a https://github.com/graphql/graphiql[GraphiQL] page
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that is exposed at "/graphiql" by default. You can configure this as follows:
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[source,properties,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
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----
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spring.graphql.graphiql.enabled=true
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spring.graphql.graphiql.path=/graphiql
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----
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[[boot-graphql-metrics]]
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== Metrics
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When the starter `spring-boot-starter-actuator` is present on the classpath, metrics for
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GraphQL requests are collected. You can disable metrics collection as follows:
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[source,properties,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
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----
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management.metrics.graphql.autotime.enabled=false
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----
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Metrics can be exposed with an Actuator web endpoint.
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The following sections assume that its exposure is enabled in your application configuration, as follows:
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[source,properties,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
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----
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management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=health,metrics,info
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----
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[[boot-graphql-metrics-request-timer]]
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=== Request Timer
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A Request metric timer is available at `/actuator/metrics/graphql.request`.
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[cols="1,2,2"]
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|===
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|Tag | Description| Sample values
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|outcome
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|Request outcome
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|"SUCCESS", "ERROR"
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|===
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[[boot-graphql-metrics-datafetcher-timer]]
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=== `DataFetcher` Timer
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A `DataFetcher` metric timer is available at `/actuator/metrics/graphql.datafetcher`.
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[cols="1,2,2"]
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|===
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|Tag | Description| Sample values
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|path
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|data fetcher path
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|"Query.project"
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|outcome
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|data fetching outcome
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|"SUCCESS", "ERROR"
|
|
|
|
|
|===
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[[boot-graphql-metrics-datafetcher-summary]]
|
|
|
|
|
=== `DataFetcher` Distribution Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A https://micrometer.io/docs/concepts#_distribution_summaries[distribution summary]
|
|
|
|
|
that counts the number of non-trivial `DataFetcher` calls made per request.
|
|
|
|
|
This metric is useful for detecting "N+1" data fetching issues and consider batch loading;
|
|
|
|
|
it provides the `"TOTAL"` number of data fetcher calls made over the `"COUNT"` of recorded requests,
|
|
|
|
|
as well as the `"MAX"` calls made for a single request over the considered period.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The distribution is available at `/actuator/metrics/graphql.request.datafetch.count`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More options are available for
|
|
|
|
|
{spring-boot-ref-docs}/application-properties.html#application-properties.actuator.management.metrics.distribution.maximum-expected-value[configuring distributions with application properties].
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[[boot-graphql-metrics-error-counter]]
|
|
|
|
|
=== Error Counter
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A GraphQL error metric counter is available at `/actuator/metrics/graphql.error`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[cols="1,2,2"]
|
|
|
|
|
|===
|
|
|
|
|
|Tag | Description| Sample values
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|errorType
|
|
|
|
|
|error type
|
|
|
|
|
|"DataFetchingException"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|errorPath
|
|
|
|
|
|error JSON Path
|
|
|
|
|
|"$.project"
|
|
|
|
|
|===
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[[boot-graphql-testing]]
|
|
|
|
|
== Testing
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Spring GraphQL offers many ways to test your application: with or without a live server,
|
|
|
|
|
with a Web client or without, with a Web transport or testing directly against the
|
|
|
|
|
GraphQL Java engine. Tests rely on <<testing#testing-webgraphqltester,WebGraphQlTester>>, so be
|
|
|
|
|
sure to become familiar with using it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Spring Boot starter will help you to configure the testing infrastructure; to start,
|
|
|
|
|
add the following to your classpath:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes,attributes",role="primary"]
|
|
|
|
|
.Gradle
|
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
|
dependencies {
|
|
|
|
|
testImplementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test'
|
|
|
|
|
testImplementation 'org.springframework.graphql:spring-graphql-test:{spring-graphql-version}'
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Also add this, unless spring-boot-starter-webflux is also present
|
|
|
|
|
testImplementation 'org.springframework:spring-webflux'
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// ...
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
repositories {
|
|
|
|
|
mavenCentral()
|
|
|
|
|
maven { url 'https://repo.spring.io/milestone' } // Spring milestones
|
|
|
|
|
maven { url 'https://repo.spring.io/snapshot' } // Spring snapshots
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
|
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes,attributes",role="secondary"]
|
|
|
|
|
.Maven
|
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
|
<dependencies>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dependency>
|
|
|
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
|
|
|
|
|
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
|
|
|
|
|
<scope>test</scope>
|
|
|
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
|
|
|
<dependency>
|
|
|
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework.graphql</groupId>
|
|
|
|
|
<artifactId>spring-graphql-test</artifactId>
|
|
|
|
|
<version>{spring-graphql-version}</version>
|
|
|
|
|
<scope>test</scope>
|
|
|
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Also add this, unless "spring-boot-starter-webflux" is also present -->
|
|
|
|
|
<dependency>
|
|
|
|
|
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
|
|
|
|
|
<artifactId>spring-webflux</artifactId>
|
|
|
|
|
<scope>test</scope>
|
|
|
|
|
</dependency>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- ... -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</dependencies>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- For Spring project milestones or snapshot releases -->
|
|
|
|
|
<repositories>
|
|
|
|
|
<repository>
|
|
|
|
|
<id>spring-milestones</id>
|
|
|
|
|
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
|
|
|
|
|
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
|
|
|
|
|
</repository>
|
|
|
|
|
<repository>
|
|
|
|
|
<id>spring-snapshots</id>
|
|
|
|
|
<name>Spring Snapshots</name>
|
|
|
|
|
<url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
|
|
|
|
|
<snapshots>
|
|
|
|
|
<enabled>true</enabled>
|
|
|
|
|
</snapshots>
|
|
|
|
|
</repository>
|
|
|
|
|
</repositories>
|
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following sections cover a range of options for testing a Spring GraphQL application.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[[boot-graphql-testing-graphqltest]]
|
|
|
|
|
=== GraphQL Slice Tests
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Use `@GraphQlTest` on a test class to create GraphQL tests focused on GraphQL request
|
|
|
|
|
execution, without involving a Web layer, and loading only a subset of the application
|
|
|
|
|
configuration.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By default, `@GraphQlTest` limits scanning to the following beans:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- `@Controller`
|
|
|
|
|
- `RuntimeWiringConfigurer`
|
|
|
|
|
- `JsonComponent`
|
|
|
|
|
- `Converter`
|
|
|
|
|
- `GenericConverter`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Use the `controllers` attribute of `@GraphQlTest` to specify a controller class, or to
|
|
|
|
|
list all data controllers required to perform requests in a test class. Leaving it empty,
|
|
|
|
|
includes all controllers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To add collaborator and/or other components to a test class, use one of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- `@MockBean` fields in the test class.
|
|
|
|
|
- `@Import` an `@Configuration` class into the test class.
|
|
|
|
|
- Create a `@TestConfiguration` nested class.
|
|
|
|
|
- Broaden the component scan via `includeFilters` on `@GraphQlTest`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To add properties, use the `properties` attribute of `@GraphQlTest`, or add
|
|
|
|
|
`@EnableConfigurationProperties` on the test class.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[NOTE]
|
|
|
|
|
====
|
|
|
|
|
`@GraphQlTest` is comparable to
|
|
|
|
|
{spring-boot-ref-docs}/features.html#features.testing.spring-boot-applications.spring-mvc-tests[@WevMvcTest],
|
|
|
|
|
which also uses test "slices" to create focused Web controller tests.
|
|
|
|
|
====
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
|
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
|
@GraphQlTest(BookController.class)
|
|
|
|
|
public class BookControllerTests {
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@Autowired
|
|
|
|
|
private GraphQlTester graphQlTester;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@MockBean
|
|
|
|
|
private BookRepository bookRepository;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@Test
|
|
|
|
|
void bookdByIdShouldReturnSpringBook() {
|
|
|
|
|
given(this.bookRepository.findById(42L)).willReturn(new Book(42L, "Spring GraphQL"));
|
|
|
|
|
String query = //
|
|
|
|
|
graphQlTester.query(query).execute()
|
|
|
|
|
.path("data.bookById.name").entity(String.class).isEqualTo("Spring GraphQL");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This mode is useful to test subscriptions without WebSocket.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
|
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
|
@GraphQlTest(GreetingController.class)
|
|
|
|
|
public class GreetingControllerTests {
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@Autowired
|
|
|
|
|
private GraphQlTester graphQlTester;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@Test
|
|
|
|
|
void subscription() {
|
|
|
|
|
Flux<String> result = this.graphQlTester.query("subscription { greetings }")
|
|
|
|
|
.executeSubscription()
|
|
|
|
|
.toFlux("greetings", String.class);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Use StepVerifier from "reactor-test" to verify the stream...
|
|
|
|
|
StepVerifier.create(result)
|
|
|
|
|
.expectNext("Hi")
|
|
|
|
|
.expectNext("Bonjour")
|
|
|
|
|
.expectNext("Hola")
|
|
|
|
|
.verifyComplete();
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
`GraphQlService` performS the above request by calling directly the GraphQL Java engine,
|
|
|
|
|
which returns a Reactive Streams `Publisher`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[[boot-graphql-testing-mock]]
|
|
|
|
|
=== Client and Mock Server Tests
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can write fuller integration tests with a Web client and a Web framework, Spring MVC or
|
|
|
|
|
WebFlux, but without running a live server, i.e. using a mock request and response.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For GraphQL over HTTP with a {spring-boot-ref-docs}/features.html#features.testing.spring-boot-applications.with-mock-environment[mock server]:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
|
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
|
@SpringBootTest
|
|
|
|
|
@AutoConfigureWebGraphQlTester
|
|
|
|
|
public class MockWebGraphQlTests {
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@Autowired
|
|
|
|
|
private WebGraphQlTester graphQlTester;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[[boot-graphql-testing-live]]
|
|
|
|
|
=== Live Server Tests
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can also run tests against the full application infrastructure with a live server.
|
|
|
|
|
Just like {spring-boot-ref-docs}/features.html#features.testing.spring-boot-applications.with-running-server[REST endpoints testing],
|
|
|
|
|
you can use a `WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT` environment and test queries using `WebGraphQlTester`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
|
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
|
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
|
|
|
|
|
public class MockMvcGraphQlTests {
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@Autowired
|
|
|
|
|
private WebGraphQlTester graphQlTester;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
----
|
Brian Clozel