#775 - Clean up VndError implementation to match spec.

* Handle single, multiple, and nested errors.
* Retain backward compatibility with existing constructors.

src/main/java/org/springframework/hateoas/MediaTypes.java

@@ -76,4 +76,15 @@ public class MediaTypes {
 	 * Public constant media type for {@code application/vnd.amundsen-uber+json}.
 	 */
 	public static final MediaType UBER_JSON = MediaType.parseMediaType(UBER_JSON_VALUE);
+
+
+	/**
+	 * A String equivalent of {@link MediaTypes#VND_ERROR_JSON}.
+	 */
+	public static final String VND_ERROR_JSON_VALUE = "application/vnd.error+json";
+
+	/**
+	 * Public constant media type for {@code application/vnd.error+json}.
+	 */
+	public static final MediaType VND_ERROR_JSON = MediaType.valueOf(VND_ERROR_JSON_VALUE);
 }

src/main/java/org/springframework/hateoas/mediatype/vnderrors/VndErrors.java

@@ -15,42 +15,80 @@
  */
 package org.springframework.hateoas.mediatype.vnderrors;
 
+import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
+import lombok.Getter;
+
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 
+import org.springframework.hateoas.CollectionModel;
 import org.springframework.hateoas.Link;
+import org.springframework.hateoas.Links;
 import org.springframework.hateoas.RepresentationModel;
-import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
+import org.springframework.hateoas.server.core.Relation;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonCreator;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonValue;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonPropertyOrder;
 
 /**
- * A representation model class to be rendered as specified for the media type {@code application/vnd.error}.
+ * A representation model class to be rendered as specified for the media type {@code application/vnd.error+json}.
  *
  * @see https://github.com/blongden/vnd.error
  * @author Oliver Gierke
  * @author Greg Turnquist
  */
-public class VndErrors implements Iterable<VndErrors.VndError> {
+@JsonPropertyOrder({ "message", "logref", "total", "_links", "_embedded" })
+@JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
+@EqualsAndHashCode
+public class VndErrors extends CollectionModel<VndErrors.VndError> {
 
-	private final List<VndError> vndErrors;
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use {@link org.springframework.hateoas.IanaLinkRelations#HELP}
+	 */
+	@Deprecated public static final String REL_HELP = "help";
+
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use {@link org.springframework.hateoas.IanaLinkRelations#DESCRIBES}
+	 */
+	@Deprecated public static final String REL_DESCRIBES = "describes";
+
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use {@link org.springframework.hateoas.IanaLinkRelations#ABOUT}
+	 */
+	@Deprecated public static final String REL_ABOUT = "about";
+
+	private final List<VndError> errors;
+
+	@Getter //
+	@JsonInclude(value = JsonInclude.Include.NON_EMPTY) //
+	private final String message;
+
+	@Getter //
+	@JsonInclude(value = JsonInclude.Include.NON_EMPTY) //
+	private final Integer logref;
+
+	public VndErrors() {
+
+		this.errors = new ArrayList<>();
+		this.message = null;
+		this.logref = null;
+	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Creates a new {@link VndErrors} instance containing a single {@link VndError} with the given logref, message and
 	 * optional {@link Link}s.
-	 *
-	 * @param logref must not be {@literal null} or empty.
-	 * @param message must not be {@literal null} or empty.
-	 * @param links
 	 */
 	public VndErrors(String logref, String message, Link... links) {
-		this(new VndError(logref, message, links));
+		this(new VndError(message, null, Integer.parseInt(logref), links));
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -62,9 +100,11 @@ public class VndErrors implements Iterable<VndErrors.VndError> {
 
 		Assert.notNull(error, "Error must not be null");
 
-		this.vndErrors = new ArrayList<>(errors.length + 1);
-		this.vndErrors.add(error);
-		this.vndErrors.addAll(Arrays.asList(errors));
+		this.errors = new ArrayList<>();
+		this.errors.add(error);
+		Collections.addAll(this.errors, errors);
+		this.message = null;
+		this.logref = null;
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -73,38 +113,84 @@ public class VndErrors implements Iterable<VndErrors.VndError> {
 	 * @param errors must not be {@literal null} or empty.
 	 */
 	@JsonCreator
-	public VndErrors(List<VndError> errors) {
+	public VndErrors(@JsonProperty("_embedded") List<VndError> errors, @JsonProperty("message") String message,
+			@JsonProperty("logref") Integer logref, @JsonProperty("_links") Links links) {
 
-		Assert.notNull(errors, "Errors must not be null!");
-		Assert.isTrue(!errors.isEmpty(), "Errors must not be empty!");
-		this.vndErrors = errors;
+		Assert.notNull(errors, "Errors must not be null!"); // Retain for compatibility
+		Assert.notEmpty(errors, "Errors must not be empty!");
+
+		this.errors = errors;
+		this.message = message;
+		this.logref = logref;
+
+		if (links != null && !links.isEmpty()) {
+			add(links);
+		}
+	}
+
+	public VndErrors withMessage(String message) {
+		return new VndErrors(this.errors, message, this.logref, this.getLinks());
+	}
+
+	public VndErrors withLogref(Integer logref) {
+		return new VndErrors(this.errors, this.message, logref, this.getLinks());
+	}
+
+	public VndErrors withErrors(List<VndError> errors) {
+
+		Assert.notNull(errors, "errors must not be null!");
+		Assert.notEmpty(errors, "errors must not empty!");
+
+		return new VndErrors(errors, this.message, this.logref, this.getLinks());
+	}
+
+	public VndErrors withError(VndError error) {
+
+		this.errors.add(error);
+		return new VndErrors(this.errors, this.message, this.logref, this.getLinks());
+	}
+
+	public VndErrors withLink(Link link) {
+
+		add(link);
+		return new VndErrors(this.errors, this.message, this.logref, this.getLinks());
+	}
+
+	public VndErrors withLinks(Link... links) {
+
+		add(links);
+		return new VndErrors(this.errors, this.message, this.logref, this.getLinks());
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Protected default constructor to allow JAXB marshalling.
+	 * Returns the underlying elements.
+	 *
+	 * @return the content will never be {@literal null}.
 	 */
-	protected VndErrors() {
-		this.vndErrors = new ArrayList<>();
+	@Override
+	public Collection<VndError> getContent() {
+		return this.errors;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Virtual attribute to generate JSON field of {@literal total}. Only generated when there are multiple errors.
+	 */
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)
+	public Integer getTotal() {
+		return this.errors.size() > 1 //
+				? this.errors.size() //
+				: null; //
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Adds an additional {@link VndError} to the wrapper.
 	 *
 	 * @param error
+	 * @deprecated Use {{@link #withError(VndError)}}
 	 */
+	@Deprecated
 	public VndErrors add(VndError error) {
-		this.vndErrors.add(error);
-		return this;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Dummy method to allow {@link JsonValue} to be configured.
-	 *
-	 * @return the vndErrors
-	 */
-	@JsonValue
-	private List<VndError> getErrors() {
-		return vndErrors;
+		return withError(error);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -113,142 +199,70 @@ public class VndErrors implements Iterable<VndErrors.VndError> {
 	 */
 	@Override
 	public Iterator<VndErrors.VndError> iterator() {
-		return this.vndErrors.iterator();
+		return this.errors.iterator();
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * (non-Javadoc)
-	 * @see java.lang.Object#toString()
-	 */
 	@Override
 	public String toString() {
-		return String.format("VndErrors[%s]", StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(vndErrors));
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * (non-Javadoc)
-	 * @see java.lang.Object#hashCode()
-	 */
-	@Override
-	public int hashCode() {
-		return vndErrors.hashCode();
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * (non-Javadoc)
-	 * @see java.lang.Object#equals(java.lang.Object)
-	 */
-	@Override
-	public boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj) {
-
-		if (this == obj) {
-			return true;
-		}
-
-		if (!(obj instanceof VndErrors)) {
-			return false;
-		}
-
-		VndErrors that = (VndErrors) obj;
-		return this.vndErrors.equals(that.vndErrors);
+		return String.format("VndErrors[%s]", StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(this.errors));
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * A single {@link VndError}.
 	 *
 	 * @author Oliver Gierke
+	 * @author Greg Turnquist
 	 */
+	@JsonPropertyOrder({ "message", "path", "logref" })
+	@Relation(collectionRelation = "errors")
+	@EqualsAndHashCode
 	public static class VndError extends RepresentationModel<VndError> {
 
-		@JsonProperty private final String logref;
-		@JsonProperty private final String message;
+		@Getter //
+		private final String message;
+
+		@Getter(onMethod = @__(@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_EMPTY))) //
+		private final String path;
+
+		@Getter(onMethod = @__(@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_EMPTY))) //
+		private final Integer logref;
 
 		/**
-		 * Creates a new {@link VndError} with the given logref, a message as well as some {@link Link}s.
+		 * Creates a new {@link VndError} with a message and optional a path and a logref.
 		 *
-		 * @param logref must not be {@literal null} or empty.
 		 * @param message must not be {@literal null} or empty.
+		 * @param path
+		 * @param logref must not be {@literal null} or empty.
 		 * @param links
 		 */
-		public VndError(String logref, String message, Link... links) {
+		@JsonCreator
+		public VndError(@JsonProperty("message") String message, @JsonProperty("path") String path,
+				@JsonProperty("logref") Integer logref, @JsonProperty("_links") List<Link> links) {
 
-			Assert.hasText(logref, "Logref must not be null or empty!");
 			Assert.hasText(message, "Message must not be null or empty!");
 
-			this.logref = logref;
 			this.message = message;
-			this.add(Arrays.asList(links));
+			this.path = path;
+			this.logref = logref;
+			this.add(links);
+		}
+
+		public VndError(String message, String path, Integer logref, Link... link) {
+			this(message, path, logref, Arrays.asList(link));
 		}
 
 		/**
-		 * Protected default constructor to allow JAXB marshalling.
+		 * @deprecated Use {@link #VndError(String, String, Integer, Link...)} (with proper ordering of arguments)
 		 */
-		protected VndError() {
-
-			this.logref = null;
-			this.message = null;
+		@Deprecated
+		public VndError(String logref, String message, Link... links) {
+			this(message, null, Integer.parseInt(logref), Arrays.asList(links));
 		}
 
-		/**
-		 * Returns the logref of the error.
-		 *
-		 * @return the logref
-		 */
-		public String getLogref() {
-			return logref;
-		}
-
-		/**
-		 * Returns the message of the error.
-		 *
-		 * @return the message
-		 */
-		public String getMessage() {
-			return message;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * (non-Javadoc)
-		 * @see org.springframework.hateoas.ResourceSupport#toString()
-		 */
 		@Override
 		public String toString() {
-			return String.format("VndError[logref: %s, message: %s, links: [%s]]", logref, message, getLinks().toString());
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * (non-Javadoc)
-		 * @see org.springframework.hateoas.ResourceSupport#hashCode()
-		 */
-		@Override
-		public int hashCode() {
-
-			int result = 17;
-
-			result += 31 * logref.hashCode();
-			result += 31 * message.hashCode();
-
-			return result;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * (non-Javadoc)
-		 * @see org.springframework.hateoas.ResourceSupport#equals(java.lang.Object)
-		 */
-		@Override
-		public boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj) {
-
-			if (obj == this) {
-				return true;
-			}
-
-			if (!(obj instanceof VndError)) {
-				return false;
-			}
-
-			VndError that = (VndError) obj;
-
-			return this.logref.equals(that.logref) && this.message.equals(that.message);
+			return String.format("VndError[logref: %s, message: %s, links: [%s]]", this.logref, this.message,
+					getLinks().toString());
 		}
 	}
 }

src/test/java/org/springframework/hateoas/mediatype/vnderror/VndErrorsMarshallingTest.java

@@ -16,24 +16,23 @@
 package org.springframework.hateoas.mediatype.vnderror;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.springframework.hateoas.support.MappingUtils.*;
 
-import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.nio.MappedByteBuffer;
-import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
-import java.nio.charset.Charset;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
+import org.springframework.hateoas.IanaLinkRelations;
 import org.springframework.hateoas.Link;
 import org.springframework.hateoas.mediatype.MessageResolver;
 import org.springframework.hateoas.mediatype.hal.CurieProvider;
 import org.springframework.hateoas.mediatype.hal.Jackson2HalModule;
+import org.springframework.hateoas.mediatype.hal.Jackson2HalModule.HalHandlerInstantiator;
 import org.springframework.hateoas.mediatype.vnderrors.VndErrors;
 import org.springframework.hateoas.mediatype.vnderrors.VndErrors.VndError;
 import org.springframework.hateoas.server.LinkRelationProvider;
-import org.springframework.hateoas.server.core.EvoInflectorLinkRelationProvider;
+import org.springframework.hateoas.server.core.AnnotationLinkRelationProvider;
 
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;
@@ -46,58 +45,92 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;
  */
 class VndErrorsMarshallingTest {
 
-	ObjectMapper jackson2Mapper;
-
-	LinkRelationProvider relProvider = new EvoInflectorLinkRelationProvider();
-
-	VndErrors errors;
-	String jsonReference;
-	String json2Reference;
-
-	public VndErrorsMarshallingTest() throws IOException {
-
-		jsonReference = readFile(new ClassPathResource("vnderror.json"));
-		json2Reference = readFile(new ClassPathResource("vnderror2.json"));
-	}
+	ObjectMapper mapper;
 
 	@BeforeEach
 	void setUp() {
 
-		jackson2Mapper = new com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper();
-		jackson2Mapper.registerModule(new Jackson2HalModule());
-		jackson2Mapper.setHandlerInstantiator(
-				new Jackson2HalModule.HalHandlerInstantiator(relProvider, CurieProvider.NONE, MessageResolver.DEFAULTS_ONLY));
-		jackson2Mapper.configure(SerializationFeature.INDENT_OUTPUT, true);
+		LinkRelationProvider relProvider = new AnnotationLinkRelationProvider();
 
-		VndError error = new VndError("42", "Validation failed!", //
-				new Link("http://...", "describes"), new Link("http://...", "help"));
-		errors = new VndErrors(error, error, error);
+		this.mapper = new ObjectMapper();
+		this.mapper.registerModule(new Jackson2HalModule());
+		this.mapper.setHandlerInstantiator(
+				new HalHandlerInstantiator(relProvider, CurieProvider.NONE, MessageResolver.DEFAULTS_ONLY));
+		this.mapper.configure(SerializationFeature.INDENT_OUTPUT, true);
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * @see #62
-	 */
-	@Test
-	void jackson2Marshalling() throws Exception {
+	@Test // #93, #94, #775
+	void singleItemVndErrorShouldDeserialize() throws IOException {
 
-		assertThat(jackson2Mapper.writeValueAsString(errors)) //
-				.isEqualToIgnoringWhitespace(json2Reference);
+		String expected = read(new ClassPathResource("vnderror-single-item.json", getClass()));
+
+		VndError actual = new VndError("Validation failed", "/username", 42,
+				new Link("http://path.to/user/resource/1", IanaLinkRelations.ABOUT),
+				new Link("http://path.to/describes", IanaLinkRelations.DESCRIBES),
+				new Link("http://path.to/help", IanaLinkRelations.HELP));
+
+		assertThat(this.mapper.readValue(expected, VndError.class)).isEqualTo(actual);
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * @see #93, #94
-	 */
-	@Test
-	void jackson2UnMarshalling() throws Exception {
-		assertThat(jackson2Mapper.readValue(jsonReference, VndErrors.class)).isEqualTo(errors);
+	@Test // #62, #775
+	public void singleItemVndErrorShouldSerialize() throws IOException {
+
+		VndError error = new VndError("Validation failed", "/username", 42, //
+				new Link("http://path.to/user/resource/1", IanaLinkRelations.ABOUT),
+				new Link("http://path.to/describes", IanaLinkRelations.DESCRIBES),
+				new Link("http://path.to/help", IanaLinkRelations.HELP));
+
+		String json = read(new ClassPathResource("vnderror-single-item.json", getClass()));
+
+		assertThat(mapper.writeValueAsString(error)).isEqualToIgnoringWhitespace(json);
 	}
 
-	private static String readFile(org.springframework.core.io.Resource resource) throws IOException {
+	@Test // #62, #775
+	public void multipleItemVndErrorsShouldDeserialize() throws IOException {
 
-		try (FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream(resource.getFile())) {
-			FileChannel fc = stream.getChannel();
-			MappedByteBuffer bb = fc.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, fc.size());
-			return Charset.defaultCharset().decode(bb).toString();
-		}
+		String json = read(new ClassPathResource("vnderror-multiple-items.json", getClass()));
+
+		VndError error1 = new VndError("\"username\" field validation failed", null, 50, //
+				new Link("http://.../", IanaLinkRelations.HELP));
+
+		VndError error2 = new VndError("\"postcode\" field validation failed", null, 55, //
+				new Link("http://.../", IanaLinkRelations.HELP));
+
+		VndErrors vndErrors = new VndErrors().withError(error1).withError(error2);
+
+		assertThat(this.mapper.readValue(json, VndErrors.class)).isEqualTo(vndErrors);
+	}
+
+	@Test // #775
+	public void multipleItemVndErrorsShouldSerialize() throws IOException {
+
+		VndError error1 = new VndError("\"username\" field validation failed", null, 50, //
+				new Link("http://.../", IanaLinkRelations.HELP));
+
+		VndError error2 = new VndError("\"postcode\" field validation failed", null, 55, //
+				new Link("http://.../", IanaLinkRelations.HELP));
+
+		VndErrors vndErrors = new VndErrors().withError(error1).withError(error2);
+
+		String json = read(new ClassPathResource("vnderror-multiple-items.json", getClass()));
+
+		assertThat(this.mapper.writeValueAsString(vndErrors)).isEqualToIgnoringWhitespace(json);
+	}
+
+	@Test // #775
+	public void nestedVndErrorsShouldSerialize() throws IOException {
+
+		VndError error = new VndError("Username must contain at least three characters", "/username", (Integer) null, //
+				new Link("http://path.to/user/resource/1", IanaLinkRelations.ABOUT));
+
+		VndErrors vndErrors = new VndErrors().withError(error)
+				.withLink(new Link("http://path.to/describes").withRel(IanaLinkRelations.DESCRIBES))
+				.withLink(new Link("http://path.to/help").withRel(IanaLinkRelations.HELP))
+				.withLink(new Link("http://path.to/user/resource/1").withRel(IanaLinkRelations.ABOUT))
+				.withMessage("Validation failed").withLogref(42);
+
+		String json = read(new ClassPathResource("vnderror-nested.json", getClass()));
+
+		assertThat(mapper.writeValueAsString(vndErrors)).isEqualToIgnoringWhitespace(json);
 	}
 }

src/test/java/org/springframework/hateoas/mediatype/vnderror/VndErrorsUnitTest.java

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ package org.springframework.hateoas.mediatype.vnderror;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.springframework.hateoas.Link;
 import org.springframework.hateoas.mediatype.vnderrors.VndErrors;
@@ -26,17 +28,66 @@ import org.springframework.hateoas.mediatype.vnderrors.VndErrors.VndError;
  * Unit tests for {@link VndErrors}.
  * 
  * @author Oliver Gierke
+ * @author Greg Turnquist
  */
 class VndErrorsUnitTest {
 
+	/**
+	 * @see #775
+	 */
 	@Test
-	void rendersToStringCorrectly() {
+	void vndErrorsDoesntTakeNull() {
+		assertThatIllegalArgumentException().isThrownBy(() -> new VndErrors().withErrors(null));
+	}
 
-		VndError error = new VndErrors.VndError("logref", "message", new Link("foo", "bar"));
-		assertThat(error.toString()).isEqualTo("VndError[logref: logref, message: message, links: [<foo>;rel=\"bar\"]]");
+	/**
+	 * @see #775
+	 */
+	@Test
+	public void vndErrorsDoesntTakeEmptyCollection() {
+		assertThatIllegalArgumentException().isThrownBy(() -> new VndErrors().withErrors(new ArrayList<>()));
+	}
 
-		VndErrors errors = new VndErrors(error);
-		assertThat(errors.toString()) //
-				.isEqualTo("VndErrors[VndError[logref: logref, message: message, links: [<foo>;rel=\"bar\"]]]");
+	/**
+	 * @see #775
+	 */
+	@Test
+	public void vndErrorsUsingSingleErrorArguments() {
+
+		VndErrors errors = new VndErrors().withError(new VndError("message", "/path", 50, new Link("/link").withSelfRel()));
+
+		assertThat(errors.getTotal()).isNull();
+		assertThat(errors.getContent()).hasSize(1);
+		assertThat(errors.getContent())
+				.containsExactly(new VndError("message", "/path", 50, new Link("/link").withSelfRel()));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @see #775
+	 */
+	@Test
+	public void appendingVndErrorsShouldWork() {
+
+		VndErrors errors = new VndErrors().withError(new VndError("message", "/path", 50, new Link("/link").withSelfRel()));
+		assertThat(errors.getContent()).hasSize(1);
+
+		errors.getContent().add(new VndError("message2", "/path2", 51, new Link("/link2", "link2")));
+		assertThat(errors.getContent()).hasSize(2);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void vndErrorRendersToStringCorrectly() {
+
+		VndError error = new VndError("message", "path", 42, new Link("foo", "bar"));
+		assertThat(error.toString()).isEqualTo("VndError[logref: 42, message: message, links: [<foo>;rel=\"bar\"]]");
+
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void vndErrorsRendersToStringCorrectly() {
+
+		VndErrors errors = new VndErrors(new VndError("message", "path", 42, new Link("foo", "bar")));
+		assertThat(errors.toString())
+				.isEqualTo("VndErrors[VndError[logref: 42, message: message, links: [<foo>;rel=\"bar\"]]]");
 	}
 }

src/test/resources/org/springframework/hateoas/mediatype/vnderror/vnderror-multiple-items.json

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+{
+  "total": 2,
+  "_embedded": {
+    "errors": [
+      {
+        "message": "\"username\" field validation failed",
+        "logref": 50,
+        "_links": {
+          "help": {
+            "href": "http://.../"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      {
+        "message": "\"postcode\" field validation failed",
+        "logref": 55,
+        "_links": {
+          "help": {
+            "href": "http://.../"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}

src/test/resources/org/springframework/hateoas/mediatype/vnderror/vnderror-nested.json

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+{
+  "message": "Validation failed",
+  "logref": 42,
+  "_links": {
+    "describes": {
+      "href": "http://path.to/describes"
+    },
+    "help": {
+      "href": "http://path.to/help"
+    },
+    "about": {
+      "href": "http://path.to/user/resource/1"
+    }
+  },
+  "_embedded": {
+    "errors": [
+      {
+        "message": "Username must contain at least three characters",
+        "path": "/username",
+        "_links": {
+          "about": {
+            "href": "http://path.to/user/resource/1"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}

src/test/resources/org/springframework/hateoas/mediatype/vnderror/vnderror-single-item.json

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+{
+  "message": "Validation failed",
+  "path": "/username",
+  "logref": 42,
+  "_links": {
+    "about": {
+      "href": "http://path.to/user/resource/1"
+    },
+    "describes": {
+      "href": "http://path.to/describes"
+    },
+    "help": {
+      "href": "http://path.to/help"
+    }
+  }
+}

src/test/resources/vnderror.json

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-[ {
-  "logref" : "42",
-  "message" : "Validation failed!",
-  "_links" : {
-    "describes" : {
-      "href" : "http://..."
-    },
-    "help" : {
-      "href" : "http://..."
-    }
-  }
-}, {
-  "logref" : "42",
-  "message" : "Validation failed!",
-  "_links" : {
-    "describes" : {
-      "href" : "http://..."
-    },
-    "help" : {
-      "href" : "http://..."
-    }
-  }
-}, {
-  "logref" : "42",
-  "message" : "Validation failed!",
-  "_links" : {
-    "describes" : {
-      "href" : "http://..."
-    },
-    "help" : {
-      "href" : "http://..."
-    }
-  }
-} ]

src/test/resources/vnderror2.json

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-[ {
-  "logref" : "42",
-  "message" : "Validation failed!",
-  "_links" : {
-    "describes" : {
-      "href" : "http://..."
-    },
-    "help" : {
-      "href" : "http://..."
-    }
-  }
-}, {
-  "logref" : "42",
-  "message" : "Validation failed!",
-  "_links" : {
-    "describes" : {
-      "href" : "http://..."
-    },
-    "help" : {
-      "href" : "http://..."
-    }
-  }
-}, {
-  "logref" : "42",
-  "message" : "Validation failed!",
-  "_links" : {
-    "describes" : {
-      "href" : "http://..."
-    },
-    "help" : {
-      "href" : "http://..."
-    }
-  }
-} ]