Migrate Structure

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Marcin Grzejszczak
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include::intro.adoc[]
== Building
include::https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-build/main/docs/src/main/asciidoc/building.adoc[]
== Contributing
include::https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-build/main/docs/src/main/asciidoc/contributing.adoc[]

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:doctype: book
:idprefix:
:idseparator: -
:toc: left
:toclevels: 4
:tabsize: 4
:numbered:
:sectanchors:
:sectnums:
:icons: font
:hide-uri-scheme:
:docinfo: shared,private
:sc-ext: java
:project-full-name: Spring Cloud Commons
:all: {asterisk}{asterisk}

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|===
|Name | Default | Description
|spring.cloud.compatibility-verifier.compatible-boot-versions | `+++3.2.x+++` | Default accepted versions for the Spring Boot dependency. You can set {@code x} for the patch version if you don't want to specify a concrete value. Example: {@code 3.4.x}
|spring.cloud.compatibility-verifier.enabled | `+++false+++` | Enables creation of Spring Cloud compatibility verification.
|spring.cloud.config.allow-override | `+++true+++` | Flag to indicate that {@link #isOverrideSystemProperties() systemPropertiesOverride} can be used. Set to false to prevent users from changing the default accidentally. Default true.
|spring.cloud.config.initialize-on-context-refresh | `+++false+++` | Flag to initialize bootstrap configuration on context refresh event. Default false.
|spring.cloud.config.override-none | `+++false+++` | Flag to indicate that when {@link #setAllowOverride(boolean) allowOverride} is true, external properties should take lowest priority and should not override any existing property sources (including local config files). Default false.
|spring.cloud.config.override-system-properties | `+++true+++` | Flag to indicate that the external properties should override system properties. Default true.
|spring.cloud.decrypt-environment-post-processor.enabled | `+++true+++` | Enable the DecryptEnvironmentPostProcessor.
|spring.cloud.discovery.client.composite-indicator.enabled | `+++true+++` | Enables discovery client composite health indicator.
|spring.cloud.discovery.client.health-indicator.enabled | `+++true+++` |
|spring.cloud.discovery.client.health-indicator.include-description | `+++false+++` |
|spring.cloud.discovery.client.health-indicator.use-services-query | `+++true+++` | Whether or not the indicator should use {@link DiscoveryClient#getServices} to check its health. When set to {@code false} the indicator instead uses the lighter {@link DiscoveryClient#probe()}. This can be helpful in large deployments where the number of services returned makes the operation unnecessarily heavy.
|spring.cloud.discovery.client.simple.instances | |
|spring.cloud.discovery.client.simple.local.host | |
|spring.cloud.discovery.client.simple.local.instance-id | |
|spring.cloud.discovery.client.simple.local.metadata | |
|spring.cloud.discovery.client.simple.local.port | `+++0+++` |
|spring.cloud.discovery.client.simple.local.secure | `+++false+++` |
|spring.cloud.discovery.client.simple.local.service-id | |
|spring.cloud.discovery.client.simple.local.uri | |
|spring.cloud.discovery.client.simple.order | |
|spring.cloud.discovery.enabled | `+++true+++` | Enables discovery client health indicators.
|spring.cloud.features.enabled | `+++true+++` | Enables the features endpoint.
|spring.cloud.httpclientfactories.apache.enabled | `+++true+++` | Enables creation of Apache Http Client factory beans.
|spring.cloud.httpclientfactories.ok.enabled | `+++true+++` | Enables creation of OK Http Client factory beans.
|spring.cloud.hypermedia.refresh.fixed-delay | `+++5000+++` |
|spring.cloud.hypermedia.refresh.initial-delay | `+++10000+++` |
|spring.cloud.inetutils.default-hostname | `+++localhost+++` | The default hostname. Used in case of errors.
|spring.cloud.inetutils.default-ip-address | `+++127.0.0.1+++` | The default IP address. Used in case of errors.
|spring.cloud.inetutils.ignored-interfaces | | List of Java regular expressions for network interfaces that will be ignored.
|spring.cloud.inetutils.preferred-networks | | List of Java regular expressions for network addresses that will be preferred.
|spring.cloud.inetutils.timeout-seconds | `+++1+++` | Timeout, in seconds, for calculating hostname.
|spring.cloud.inetutils.use-only-site-local-interfaces | `+++false+++` | Whether to use only interfaces with site local addresses. See {@link InetAddress#isSiteLocalAddress()} for more details.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.cache.caffeine.spec | | The spec to use to create caches. See CaffeineSpec for more details on the spec format.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.cache.capacity | `+++256+++` | Initial cache capacity expressed as int.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.cache.enabled | `+++true+++` | Enables Spring Cloud LoadBalancer caching mechanism.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.cache.ttl | `+++35s+++` | Time To Live - time counted from writing of the record, after which cache entries are expired, expressed as a {@link Duration}. The property {@link String} has to be in keeping with the appropriate syntax as specified in Spring Boot <code>StringToDurationConverter</code>. @see <a href= "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/blob/master/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/convert/StringToDurationConverter.java">StringToDurationConverter.java</a>
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.call-get-with-request-on-delegates | `+++true+++` | If this flag is set to {@code true}, {@code ServiceInstanceListSupplier#get(Request request)} method will be implemented to call {@code delegate.get(request)} in classes assignable from {@code DelegatingServiceInstanceListSupplier} that don't already implement that method, with the exclusion of {@code CachingServiceInstanceListSupplier} and {@code HealthCheckServiceInstanceListSupplier}, which should be placed in the instance supplier hierarchy directly after the supplier performing instance retrieval over the network, before any request-based filtering is done, {@code true} by default.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.clients | |
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.configurations | `+++default+++` | Enables a predefined LoadBalancer configuration.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.eager-load.clients | | Names of the clients.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.enabled | `+++true+++` | Enables Spring Cloud LoadBalancer.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.health-check.initial-delay | `+++0+++` | Initial delay value for the HealthCheck scheduler.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.health-check.interval | `+++25s+++` | Interval for rerunning the HealthCheck scheduler.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.health-check.interval | `+++25s+++` | Interval for rerunning the HealthCheck scheduler.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.health-check.path | | Path at which the health-check request should be made. Can be set up per `serviceId`. A `default` value can be set up as well. If none is set up, `/actuator/health` will be used.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.health-check.port | | Path at which the health-check request should be made. If none is set, the port under which the requested service is available at the service instance.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.health-check.refetch-instances | `+++false+++` | Indicates whether the instances should be refetched by the `HealthCheckServiceInstanceListSupplier`. This can be used if the instances can be updated and the underlying delegate does not provide an ongoing flux.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.health-check.refetch-instances-interval | `+++25s+++` | Interval for refetching available service instances.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.health-check.repeat-health-check | `+++true+++` | Indicates whether health checks should keep repeating. It might be useful to set it to `false` if periodically refetching the instances, as every refetch will also trigger a healthcheck.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.health-check.update-results-list | `+++true+++` | Indicates whether the {@code healthCheckFlux} should emit on each alive {@link ServiceInstance} that has been retrieved. If set to {@code false}, the entire alive instances sequence is first collected into a list and only then emitted.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.hint | | Allows setting the value of <code>hint</code> that is passed on to the LoadBalancer request and can subsequently be used in {@link ReactiveLoadBalancer} implementations.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.hint-header-name | `+++X-SC-LB-Hint+++` | Allows setting the name of the header used for passing the hint for hint-based service instance filtering.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.retry.avoid-previous-instance | `+++true+++` | Enables wrapping ServiceInstanceListSupplier beans with `RetryAwareServiceInstanceListSupplier` if Spring-Retry is in the classpath.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.retry.backoff.enabled | `+++false+++` | Indicates whether Reactor Retry backoffs should be applied.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.retry.backoff.jitter | `+++0.5+++` | Used to set `RetryBackoffSpec.jitter`.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.retry.backoff.max-backoff | `+++Long.MAX ms+++` | Used to set `RetryBackoffSpec.maxBackoff`.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.retry.backoff.min-backoff | `+++5 ms+++` | Used to set `RetryBackoffSpec#minBackoff`.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.retry.enabled | `+++true+++` | Enables LoadBalancer retries.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.retry.max-retries-on-next-service-instance | `+++1+++` | Number of retries to be executed on the next `ServiceInstance`. A `ServiceInstance` is chosen before each retry call.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.retry.max-retries-on-same-service-instance | `+++0+++` | Number of retries to be executed on the same `ServiceInstance`.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.retry.retry-on-all-exceptions | `+++false+++` | Indicates retries should be attempted for all exceptions, not only those specified in `retryableExceptions`.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.retry.retry-on-all-operations | `+++false+++` | Indicates retries should be attempted on operations other than `HttpMethod.GET`.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.retry.retryable-exceptions | `+++{}+++` | A `Set` of `Throwable` classes that should trigger a retry.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.retry.retryable-status-codes | `+++{}+++` | A `Set` of status codes that should trigger a retry.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.service-discovery.timeout | | String representation of Duration of the timeout for calls to service discovery.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.stats.micrometer.enabled | `+++false+++` | Enables Spring Cloud LoadBalancer Micrometer stats.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.sticky-session.add-service-instance-cookie | `+++false+++` | Indicates whether a cookie with the newly selected instance should be added by LoadBalancer.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.sticky-session.instance-id-cookie-name | `+++sc-lb-instance-id+++` | The name of the cookie holding the preferred instance id.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.x-forwarded.enabled | `+++false+++` | To Enable X-Forwarded Headers.
|spring.cloud.loadbalancer.zone | | Spring Cloud LoadBalancer zone.
|spring.cloud.refresh.additional-property-sources-to-retain | | Additional property sources to retain during a refresh. Typically only system property sources are retained. This property allows property sources, such as property sources created by EnvironmentPostProcessors to be retained as well.
|spring.cloud.refresh.enabled | `+++true+++` | Enables autoconfiguration for the refresh scope and associated features.
|spring.cloud.refresh.extra-refreshable | `+++true+++` | Additional class names for beans to post process into refresh scope.
|spring.cloud.refresh.never-refreshable | `+++true+++` | Comma separated list of class names for beans to never be refreshed or rebound.
|spring.cloud.service-registry.auto-registration.enabled | `+++true+++` | Whether service auto-registration is enabled. Defaults to true.
|spring.cloud.service-registry.auto-registration.fail-fast | `+++false+++` | Whether startup fails if there is no AutoServiceRegistration. Defaults to false.
|spring.cloud.service-registry.auto-registration.register-management | `+++true+++` | Whether to register the management as a service. Defaults to true.
|spring.cloud.util.enabled | `+++true+++` | Enables creation of Spring Cloud utility beans.
|===

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:root-target: ../../../target/
[[observability]]
== Observability metadata
include::{root-target}_metrics.adoc[]
include::{root-target}_spans.adoc[]

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:numbered!:
[appendix]
[[common-application-properties]]
== Common application properties
include::_attributes.adoc[]
Various properties can be specified inside your `application.properties` file, inside your `application.yml` file, or as command line switches.
This appendix provides a list of common {project-full-name} properties and references to the underlying classes that consume them.
NOTE: Property contributions can come from additional jar files on your classpath, so you should not consider this an exhaustive list.
Also, you can define your own properties.
include::_configprops.adoc[]
include::_observability.adoc[]

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include::spring-cloud-commons.adoc[]

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https://pivotal.io/platform-as-a-service/migrating-to-cloud-native-application-architectures-ebook[Cloud Native] is a style of application development that encourages easy adoption of best practices in the areas of continuous delivery and value-driven development.
A related discipline is that of building https://12factor.net/[12-factor Applications], in which development practices are aligned with delivery and operations goals -- for instance, by using declarative programming and management and monitoring.
Spring Cloud facilitates these styles of development in a number of specific ways.
The starting point is a set of features to which all components in a distributed system need easy access.
Many of those features are covered by https://projects.spring.io/spring-boot[Spring Boot], on which Spring Cloud builds. Some more features are delivered by Spring Cloud as two libraries: Spring Cloud Context and Spring Cloud Commons.
Spring Cloud Context provides utilities and special services for the `ApplicationContext` of a Spring Cloud application (bootstrap context, encryption, refresh scope, and environment endpoints). Spring Cloud Commons is a set of abstractions and common classes used in different Spring Cloud implementations (such as Spring Cloud Netflix and Spring Cloud Consul).
include::jce.adoc[]

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If you get an exception due to "Illegal key size" and you use Sun's JDK, you need to install the Java Cryptography Extension (JCE) Unlimited Strength Jurisdiction Policy Files.
See the following links for more information:
* https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce-6-download-429243.html[Java 6 JCE]
* https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce-7-download-432124.html[Java 7 JCE]
* https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce8-download-2133166.html[Java 8 JCE]
Extract the files into the JDK/jre/lib/security folder for whichever version of JRE/JDK x64/x86 you use.

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Spring Cloud Commons delivers features as two libraries: Spring Cloud Context and Spring Cloud Commons. Spring Cloud Context provides utilities and special services for the ApplicationContext of a Spring Cloud application (bootstrap context, encryption, refresh scope and environment endpoints). Spring Cloud Commons is a set of abstractions and common classes used in different Spring Cloud implementations (eg. Spring Cloud Netflix vs. Spring Cloud Consul).
## Features
### Spring Cloud Context features:
* Bootstrap Context
* `TextEncryptor` beans
* Refresh Scope
* Spring Boot Actuator endpoints for manipulating the `Environment`
### Spring Cloud Commons features:
* `DiscoveryClient` interface
* `ServiceRegistry` interface
* Instrumentation for `RestTemplate` to resolve hostnames using `DiscoveryClient`

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== Introduction
Spring Cloud Circuit breaker provides an abstraction across different circuit breaker implementations.
It provides a consistent API to use in your applications, letting you, the developer, choose the circuit breaker implementation that best fits your needs for your application.
=== Supported Implementations
Spring Cloud supports the following circuit-breaker implementations:
* https://github.com/resilience4j/resilience4j[Resilience4J]
* https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel[Sentinel]
* https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-retry[Spring Retry]
== Core Concepts
To create a circuit breaker in your code, you can use the `CircuitBreakerFactory` API. When you include a Spring Cloud Circuit Breaker starter on your classpath, a bean that implements this API is automatically created for you.
The following example shows a simple example of how to use this API:
====
[source,java]
----
@Service
public static class DemoControllerService {
private RestTemplate rest;
private CircuitBreakerFactory cbFactory;
public DemoControllerService(RestTemplate rest, CircuitBreakerFactory cbFactory) {
this.rest = rest;
this.cbFactory = cbFactory;
}
public String slow() {
return cbFactory.create("slow").run(() -> rest.getForObject("/slow", String.class), throwable -> "fallback");
}
}
----
====
The `CircuitBreakerFactory.create` API creates an instance of a class called `CircuitBreaker`.
The `run` method takes a `Supplier` and a `Function`.
The `Supplier` is the code that you are going to wrap in a circuit breaker.
The `Function` is the fallback that is run if the circuit breaker is tripped.
The function is passed the `Throwable` that caused the fallback to be triggered.
You can optionally exclude the fallback if you do not want to provide one.
=== Circuit Breakers In Reactive Code
If Project Reactor is on the class path, you can also use `ReactiveCircuitBreakerFactory` for your reactive code.
The following example shows how to do so:
====
[source,java]
----
@Service
public static class DemoControllerService {
private ReactiveCircuitBreakerFactory cbFactory;
private WebClient webClient;
public DemoControllerService(WebClient webClient, ReactiveCircuitBreakerFactory cbFactory) {
this.webClient = webClient;
this.cbFactory = cbFactory;
}
public Mono<String> slow() {
return webClient.get().uri("/slow").retrieve().bodyToMono(String.class).transform(
it -> cbFactory.create("slow").run(it, throwable -> return Mono.just("fallback")));
}
}
----
====
The `ReactiveCircuitBreakerFactory.create` API creates an instance of a class called `ReactiveCircuitBreaker`.
The `run` method takes a `Mono` or a `Flux` and wraps it in a circuit breaker.
You can optionally profile a fallback `Function`, which will be called if the circuit breaker is tripped and is passed the `Throwable`
that caused the failure.
== Configuration
You can configure your circuit breakers by creating beans of type `Customizer`.
The `Customizer` interface has a single method (called `customize`) that takes the `Object` to customize.
For detailed information on how to customize a given implementation see
the following documentation:
* link:../../../../spring-cloud-circuitbreaker/current/reference/html/spring-cloud-circuitbreaker.html#configuring-resilience4j-circuit-breakers[Resilience4J]
* link:https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/blob/master/spring-cloud-alibaba-docs/src/main/asciidoc/circuitbreaker-sentinel.adoc#circuit-breaker-spring-cloud-circuit-breaker-with-sentinel--configuring-sentinel-circuit-breakers[Sentinel]
* link:../../../../../spring-cloud-circuitbreaker/docs/current/reference/html/spring-cloud-circuitbreaker.html#configuring-spring-retry-circuit-breakers[Spring Retry]
Some `CircuitBreaker` implementations such as `Resilience4JCircuitBreaker` call `customize` method every time `CircuitBreaker#run` is called.
It can be inefficient. In that case, you can use `CircuitBreaker#once` method. It is useful where calling `customize` many times doesn't make sense,
for example, in case of https://resilience4j.readme.io/docs/circuitbreaker#section-consume-emitted-circuitbreakerevents[consuming Resilience4j's events].
The following example shows the way for each `io.github.resilience4j.circuitbreaker.CircuitBreaker` to consume events.
====
[source,java]
----
Customizer.once(circuitBreaker -> {
circuitBreaker.getEventPublisher()
.onStateTransition(event -> log.info("{}: {}", event.getCircuitBreakerName(), event.getStateTransition()));
}, CircuitBreaker::getName)
----
====

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