Sync docs from v2.1.3.RELEASE to gh-pages

2019-06-06 08:09:21 +00:00
parent 0835a49fc8
commit cd423d6cb6
63 changed files with 4165 additions and 0 deletions
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/Guardfile
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/Guardfile
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+require 'asciidoctor'
+require 'erb'
+
+guard 'shell' do
+	watch(/.*\.adoc$/) {|m|
+		Asciidoctor.render_file('index.adoc', \
+			:in_place => true, \
+			:safe => Asciidoctor::SafeMode::UNSAFE, \
+			:attributes=> { \
+				'source-highlighter' => 'prettify', \
+				'icons' => 'font', \
+				'linkcss'=> 'true', \
+				'copycss' => 'true', \
+				'doctype' => 'book'})
+	}
+end
+
+guard 'livereload' do
+	watch(%r{^.+\.(css|js|html)$})
+end
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/css/highlight.css
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/css/highlight.css
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/* 
+   code highlight CSS resemblign the Eclipse IDE default color schema
+   @author Costin Leau
+*/
+
+.hl-keyword {
+    color: #7F0055;
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+.hl-comment {
+    color: #3F5F5F;
+    font-style: italic;
+}
+
+.hl-multiline-comment {
+    color: #3F5FBF;
+    font-style: italic;
+}
+
+.hl-tag {
+    color: #3F7F7F;
+}
+
+.hl-attribute {
+    color: #7F007F;
+}
+
+.hl-value {
+    color: #2A00FF;
+}
+
+.hl-string {
+    color: #2A00FF;
+}
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/css/manual-multipage.css
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/css/manual-multipage.css
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+@IMPORT url("manual.css");
+
+body.firstpage {
+    background: url("../images/background.png") no-repeat center top;
+}
+
+div.part h1 {
+    border-top: none;
+}
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/css/manual-singlepage.css
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/css/manual-singlepage.css
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+@IMPORT url("manual.css");
+
+body {
+    background: url("../images/background.png") no-repeat center top;
+}
+
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/css/manual.css
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/css/manual.css
@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+@IMPORT url("highlight.css");
+
+html {
+    padding: 0pt;
+    margin: 0pt;
+}
+
+body {
+    color: #333333;
+    margin: 15px 30px;
+    font-family: Helvetica, Arial, Freesans, Clean, Sans-serif;
+    line-height: 1.6;
+    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
+}
+
+code {
+    font-size: 16px;
+    font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace;
+}
+
+:not(a) > code {
+    color: #6D180B;
+}
+
+:not(pre) > code {
+    background-color: #F2F2F2;
+    border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+    border-radius: 4px;
+    padding: 1px 3px 0;
+    text-shadow: none;
+    white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+body > *:first-child {
+    margin-top: 0 !important;
+}
+
+div {
+    margin: 0pt;
+}
+
+hr {
+    border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+    background: #CCCCCC;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
+    color: #000000;
+    cursor: text;
+    font-weight: bold;
+    margin: 30px 0 10px;
+    padding: 0;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3 {
+    margin: 40px 0 10px;
+}
+
+h1 {
+    margin: 70px 0 30px;
+    padding-top: 20px;
+}
+
+div.part h1 {
+    border-top: 1px dotted #CCCCCC;
+}
+
+h1, h1 code {
+    font-size: 32px;
+}
+
+h2, h2 code {
+    font-size: 24px;
+}
+
+h3, h3 code {
+    font-size: 20px;
+}
+
+h4, h1 code, h5, h5 code, h6, h6 code {
+    font-size: 18px;
+}
+
+div.book, div.chapter, div.appendix, div.part, div.preface {
+    min-width: 300px;
+    max-width: 1200px;
+    margin: 0 auto;
+}
+
+p.releaseinfo {
+    font-weight: bold;
+    margin-bottom: 40px;
+    margin-top: 40px;
+}
+
+div.authorgroup {
+    line-height: 1;
+}
+
+p.copyright {
+    line-height: 1;
+    margin-bottom: -5px;
+}
+
+.legalnotice p {
+    font-style: italic;
+    font-size: 14px;
+    line-height: 1;
+}
+
+div.titlepage + p, div.titlepage + p {
+    margin-top: 0;
+}
+
+pre {
+    line-height: 1.0;
+    color: black;
+}
+
+a {
+    color: #4183C4;
+    text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+p {
+    margin: 15px 0;
+    text-align: left;
+}
+
+ul, ol {
+    padding-left: 30px;
+}
+
+li p {
+    margin: 0;
+}
+
+div.table {
+    margin: 1em;
+    padding: 0.5em;
+    text-align: center;
+}
+
+div.table table, div.informaltable table {
+    display: table;
+    width: 100%;
+}
+
+div.table td {
+    padding-left: 7px;
+    padding-right: 7px;
+}
+
+.sidebar {
+    line-height: 1.4;
+    padding: 0 20px;
+    background-color: #F8F8F8;
+    border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+    border-radius: 3px 3px 3px 3px;
+}
+
+.sidebar p.title {
+    color: #6D180B;
+}
+
+pre.programlisting, pre.screen {
+    font-size: 15px;
+    padding: 6px 10px;
+    background-color: #F8F8F8;
+    border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+    border-radius: 3px 3px 3px 3px;
+    clear: both;
+    overflow: auto;
+    line-height: 1.4;
+    font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace;
+}
+
+table {
+    border-collapse: collapse;
+    border-spacing: 0;
+    border: 1px solid #DDDDDD !important;
+    border-radius: 4px !important;
+    border-collapse: separate !important;
+    line-height: 1.6;
+}
+
+table thead {
+    background: #F5F5F5;
+}
+
+table tr {
+    border: none;
+    border-bottom: none;
+}
+
+table th {
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+table th, table td {
+    border: none !important;
+    padding: 6px 13px;
+}
+
+table tr:nth-child(2n) {
+    background-color: #F8F8F8;
+}
+
+td p {
+    margin: 0 0 15px 0;
+}
+
+div.table-contents td p {
+    margin: 0;
+}
+
+div.important *, div.note *, div.tip *, div.warning *, div.navheader *, div.navfooter *, div.calloutlist * {
+    border: none !important;
+    background: none !important;
+    margin: 0;
+}
+
+div.important p, div.note p, div.tip p, div.warning p {
+    color: #6F6F6F;
+    line-height: 1.6;
+}
+
+div.important code, div.note code, div.tip code, div.warning code {
+    background-color: #F2F2F2 !important;
+    border: 1px solid #CCCCCC !important;
+    border-radius: 4px !important;
+    padding: 1px 3px 0 !important;
+    text-shadow: none !important;
+    white-space: nowrap !important;
+}
+
+.note th, .tip th, .warning th {
+    display: none;
+}
+
+.note tr:first-child td, .tip tr:first-child td, .warning tr:first-child td {
+    border-right: 1px solid #CCCCCC !important;
+    padding-top: 10px;
+}
+
+div.calloutlist p, div.calloutlist td {
+    padding: 0;
+    margin: 0;
+}
+
+div.calloutlist > table > tbody > tr > td:first-child {
+    padding-left: 10px;
+    width: 30px !important;
+}
+
+div.important, div.note, div.tip, div.warning {
+    margin-left: 0px !important;
+    margin-right: 20px !important;
+    margin-top: 20px;
+    margin-bottom: 20px;
+    padding-top: 10px;
+    padding-bottom: 10px;
+}
+
+div.toc {
+    line-height: 1.2;
+}
+
+dl, dt {
+    margin-top: 1px;
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+div.toc > dl > dt {
+    font-size: 32px;
+    font-weight: bold;
+    margin: 30px 0 10px 0;
+    display: block;
+}
+
+div.toc > dl > dd > dl > dt {
+    font-size: 24px;
+    font-weight: bold;
+    margin: 20px 0 10px 0;
+    display: block;
+}
+
+div.toc > dl > dd > dl > dd > dl > dt {
+    font-weight: bold;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    margin: 10px 0 0 0;
+}
+
+tbody.footnotes * {
+    border: none !important;
+}
+
+div.footnote p {
+    margin: 0;
+    line-height: 1;
+}
+
+div.footnote p sup {
+    margin-right: 6px;
+    vertical-align: middle;
+}
+
+div.navheader {
+    border-bottom: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+}
+
+div.navfooter {
+    border-top: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+}
+
+.title {
+    margin-left: -1em;
+    padding-left: 1em;
+}
+
+.title > a {
+    position: absolute;
+    visibility: hidden;
+    display: block;
+    font-size: 0.85em;
+    margin-top: 0.05em;
+    margin-left: -1em;
+    vertical-align: text-top;
+    color: black;
+}
+
+.title > a:before {
+    content: "\00A7";
+}
+
+.title:hover > a, .title > a:hover, .title:hover > a:hover {
+    visibility: visible;
+}
+
+.title:focus > a, .title > a:focus, .title:focus > a:focus {
+    outline: 0;
+}
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/ghpages.sh
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/ghpages.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,330 @@
+#!/bin/bash -x
+
+set -e
+
+# Set default props like MAVEN_PATH, ROOT_FOLDER etc.
+function set_default_props() {
+    # The script should be executed from the root folder
+    ROOT_FOLDER=`pwd`
+    echo "Current folder is ${ROOT_FOLDER}"
+
+    if [[ ! -e "${ROOT_FOLDER}/.git" ]]; then
+        echo "You're not in the root folder of the project!"
+        exit 1
+    fi
+
+    # Prop that will let commit the changes
+    COMMIT_CHANGES="no"
+    MAVEN_PATH=${MAVEN_PATH:-}
+    echo "Path to Maven is [${MAVEN_PATH}]"
+    REPO_NAME=${PWD##*/}
+    echo "Repo name is [${REPO_NAME}]"
+    SPRING_CLOUD_STATIC_REPO=${SPRING_CLOUD_STATIC_REPO:-git@github.com:spring-cloud/spring-cloud-static.git}
+    echo "Spring Cloud Static repo is [${SPRING_CLOUD_STATIC_REPO}"
+}
+
+# Check if gh-pages exists and docs have been built
+function check_if_anything_to_sync() {
+    git remote set-url --push origin `git config remote.origin.url | sed -e 's/^git:/https:/'`
+
+    if ! (git remote set-branches --add origin gh-pages && git fetch -q); then
+        echo "No gh-pages, so not syncing"
+        exit 0
+    fi
+
+    if ! [ -d docs/target/generated-docs ] && ! [ "${BUILD}" == "yes" ]; then
+        echo "No gh-pages sources in docs/target/generated-docs, so not syncing"
+        exit 0
+    fi
+}
+
+function retrieve_current_branch() {
+    # Code getting the name of the current branch. For master we want to publish as we did until now
+    # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1593051/how-to-programmatically-determine-the-current-checked-out-git-branch
+    # If there is a branch already passed will reuse it - otherwise will try to find it
+    CURRENT_BRANCH=${BRANCH}
+    if [[ -z "${CURRENT_BRANCH}" ]] ; then
+      CURRENT_BRANCH=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
+      CURRENT_BRANCH=${CURRENT_BRANCH##refs/heads/}
+      CURRENT_BRANCH=${CURRENT_BRANCH:-HEAD}
+    fi
+    echo "Current branch is [${CURRENT_BRANCH}]"
+    git checkout ${CURRENT_BRANCH} || echo "Failed to check the branch... continuing with the script"
+}
+
+# Switches to the provided value of the release version. We always prefix it with `v`
+function switch_to_tag() {
+    git checkout v${VERSION}
+}
+
+# Build the docs if switch is on
+function build_docs_if_applicable() {
+    if [[ "${BUILD}" == "yes" ]] ; then
+        ./mvnw clean install -P docs -pl docs -DskipTests
+    fi
+}
+
+# Get the name of the `docs.main` property
+# Get whitelisted branches - assumes that a `docs` module is available under `docs` profile
+function retrieve_doc_properties() {
+    MAIN_ADOC_VALUE=$("${MAVEN_PATH}"mvn -q \
+        -Dexec.executable="echo" \
+        -Dexec.args='${docs.main}' \
+        --non-recursive \
+        org.codehaus.mojo:exec-maven-plugin:1.3.1:exec)
+    echo "Extracted 'main.adoc' from Maven build [${MAIN_ADOC_VALUE}]"
+
+
+    WHITELIST_PROPERTY=${WHITELIST_PROPERTY:-"docs.whitelisted.branches"}
+    WHITELISTED_BRANCHES_VALUE=$("${MAVEN_PATH}"mvn -q \
+        -Dexec.executable="echo" \
+        -Dexec.args="\${${WHITELIST_PROPERTY}}" \
+        org.codehaus.mojo:exec-maven-plugin:1.3.1:exec \
+        -P docs \
+        -pl docs)
+    echo "Extracted '${WHITELIST_PROPERTY}' from Maven build [${WHITELISTED_BRANCHES_VALUE}]"
+}
+
+# Stash any outstanding changes
+function stash_changes() {
+    git diff-index --quiet HEAD && dirty=$? || (echo "Failed to check if the current repo is dirty. Assuming that it is." && dirty="1")
+    if [ "$dirty" != "0" ]; then git stash; fi
+}
+
+# Switch to gh-pages branch to sync it with current branch
+function add_docs_from_target() {
+    local DESTINATION_REPO_FOLDER
+    if [[ -z "${DESTINATION}" && -z "${CLONE}" ]] ; then
+        DESTINATION_REPO_FOLDER=${ROOT_FOLDER}
+    elif [[ "${CLONE}" == "yes" ]]; then
+        mkdir -p ${ROOT_FOLDER}/target
+        local clonedStatic=${ROOT_FOLDER}/target/spring-cloud-static
+        if [[ ! -e "${clonedStatic}/.git" ]]; then
+            echo "Cloning Spring Cloud Static to target"
+            git clone ${SPRING_CLOUD_STATIC_REPO} ${clonedStatic} && git checkout gh-pages
+        else
+            echo "Spring Cloud Static already cloned - will pull changes"
+            cd ${clonedStatic} && git checkout gh-pages && git pull origin gh-pages
+        fi
+        DESTINATION_REPO_FOLDER=${clonedStatic}/${REPO_NAME}
+        mkdir -p ${DESTINATION_REPO_FOLDER}
+    else
+        if [[ ! -e "${DESTINATION}/.git" ]]; then
+            echo "[${DESTINATION}] is not a git repository"
+            exit 1
+        fi
+        DESTINATION_REPO_FOLDER=${DESTINATION}/${REPO_NAME}
+        mkdir -p ${DESTINATION_REPO_FOLDER}
+        echo "Destination was provided [${DESTINATION}]"
+    fi
+    cd ${DESTINATION_REPO_FOLDER}
+    git checkout gh-pages
+    git pull origin gh-pages
+
+    # Add git branches
+    ###################################################################
+    if [[ -z "${VERSION}" ]] ; then
+        copy_docs_for_current_version
+    else
+        copy_docs_for_provided_version
+    fi
+    commit_changes_if_applicable
+}
+
+
+# Copies the docs by using the retrieved properties from Maven build
+function copy_docs_for_current_version() {
+    if [[ "${CURRENT_BRANCH}" == "master" ]] ; then
+        echo -e "Current branch is master - will copy the current docs only to the root folder"
+        for f in docs/target/generated-docs/*; do
+            file=${f#docs/target/generated-docs/*}
+            if ! git ls-files -i -o --exclude-standard --directory | grep -q ^$file$; then
+                # Not ignored...
+                cp -rf $f ${ROOT_FOLDER}/
+                git add -A ${ROOT_FOLDER}/$file
+            fi
+        done
+        COMMIT_CHANGES="yes"
+    else
+        echo -e "Current branch is [${CURRENT_BRANCH}]"
+        # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29300806/a-bash-script-to-check-if-a-string-is-present-in-a-comma-separated-list-of-strin
+        if [[ ",${WHITELISTED_BRANCHES_VALUE}," = *",${CURRENT_BRANCH},"* ]] ; then
+            mkdir -p ${ROOT_FOLDER}/${CURRENT_BRANCH}
+            echo -e "Branch [${CURRENT_BRANCH}] is whitelisted! Will copy the current docs to the [${CURRENT_BRANCH}] folder"
+            for f in docs/target/generated-docs/*; do
+                file=${f#docs/target/generated-docs/*}
+                if ! git ls-files -i -o --exclude-standard --directory | grep -q ^$file$; then
+                    # Not ignored...
+                    # We want users to access 2.0.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT/ instead of 1.0.0.RELEASE/spring-cloud.sleuth.html
+                    if [[ "${file}" == "${MAIN_ADOC_VALUE}.html" ]] ; then
+                        # We don't want to copy the spring-cloud-sleuth.html
+                        # we want it to be converted to index.html
+                        cp -rf $f ${ROOT_FOLDER}/${CURRENT_BRANCH}/index.html
+                        git add -A ${ROOT_FOLDER}/${CURRENT_BRANCH}/index.html
+                    else
+                        cp -rf $f ${ROOT_FOLDER}/${CURRENT_BRANCH}
+                        git add -A ${ROOT_FOLDER}/${CURRENT_BRANCH}/$file
+                    fi
+                fi
+            done
+            COMMIT_CHANGES="yes"
+        else
+            echo -e "Branch [${CURRENT_BRANCH}] is not on the white list! Check out the Maven [${WHITELIST_PROPERTY}] property in
+             [docs] module available under [docs] profile. Won't commit any changes to gh-pages for this branch."
+        fi
+    fi
+}
+
+# Copies the docs by using the explicitly provided version
+function copy_docs_for_provided_version() {
+    local FOLDER=${DESTINATION_REPO_FOLDER}/${VERSION}
+    mkdir -p ${FOLDER}
+    echo -e "Current tag is [v${VERSION}] Will copy the current docs to the [${FOLDER}] folder"
+    for f in ${ROOT_FOLDER}/docs/target/generated-docs/*; do
+        file=${f#${ROOT_FOLDER}/docs/target/generated-docs/*}
+        copy_docs_for_branch ${file} ${FOLDER}
+    done
+    COMMIT_CHANGES="yes"
+    CURRENT_BRANCH="v${VERSION}"
+}
+
+# Copies the docs from target to the provided destination
+# Params:
+# $1 - file from target
+# $2 - destination to which copy the files
+function copy_docs_for_branch() {
+    local file=$1
+    local destination=$2
+    if ! git ls-files -i -o --exclude-standard --directory | grep -q ^${file}$; then
+        # Not ignored...
+        # We want users to access 2.0.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT/ instead of 1.0.0.RELEASE/spring-cloud.sleuth.html
+        if [[ ("${file}" == "${MAIN_ADOC_VALUE}.html") || ("${file}" == "${REPO_NAME}.html") ]] ; then
+            # We don't want to copy the spring-cloud-sleuth.html
+            # we want it to be converted to index.html
+            cp -rf $f ${destination}/index.html
+            git add -A ${destination}/index.html
+        else
+            cp -rf $f ${destination}
+            git add -A ${destination}/$file
+        fi
+    fi
+}
+
+function commit_changes_if_applicable() {
+    if [[ "${COMMIT_CHANGES}" == "yes" ]] ; then
+        COMMIT_SUCCESSFUL="no"
+        git commit -a -m "Sync docs from ${CURRENT_BRANCH} to gh-pages" && COMMIT_SUCCESSFUL="yes" || echo "Failed to commit changes"
+
+        # Uncomment the following push if you want to auto push to
+        # the gh-pages branch whenever you commit to master locally.
+        # This is a little extreme. Use with care!
+        ###################################################################
+        if [[ "${COMMIT_SUCCESSFUL}" == "yes" ]] ; then
+            git push origin gh-pages
+        fi
+    fi
+}
+
+# Switch back to the previous branch and exit block
+function checkout_previous_branch() {
+    # If -version was provided we need to come back to root project
+    cd ${ROOT_FOLDER}
+    git checkout ${CURRENT_BRANCH} || echo "Failed to check the branch... continuing with the script"
+    if [ "$dirty" != "0" ]; then git stash pop; fi
+    exit 0
+}
+
+# Assert if properties have been properly passed
+function assert_properties() {
+echo "VERSION [${VERSION}], DESTINATION [${DESTINATION}], CLONE [${CLONE}]"
+if [[ "${VERSION}" != "" && (-z "${DESTINATION}" && -z "${CLONE}") ]] ; then echo "Version was set but destination / clone was not!"; exit 1;fi
+if [[ ("${DESTINATION}" != "" && "${CLONE}" != "") && -z "${VERSION}" ]] ; then echo "Destination / clone was set but version was not!"; exit 1;fi
+if [[ "${DESTINATION}" != "" && "${CLONE}" == "yes" ]] ; then echo "Destination and clone was set. Pick one!"; exit 1;fi
+}
+
+# Prints the usage
+function print_usage() {
+cat <<EOF
+The idea of this script is to update gh-pages branch with the generated docs. Without any options
+the script will work in the following manner:
+
+- if there's no gh-pages / target for docs module then the script ends
+- for master branch the generated docs are copied to the root of gh-pages branch
+- for any other branch (if that branch is whitelisted) a subfolder with branch name is created
+    and docs are copied there
+- if the version switch is passed (-v) then a tag with (v) prefix will be retrieved and a folder
+    with that version number will be created in the gh-pages branch. WARNING! No whitelist verification will take place
+- if the destination switch is passed (-d) then the script will check if the provided dir is a git repo and then will
+    switch to gh-pages of that repo and copy the generated docs to `docs/<project-name>/<version>`
+- if the destination switch is passed (-d) then the script will check if the provided dir is a git repo and then will
+    switch to gh-pages of that repo and copy the generated docs to `docs/<project-name>/<version>`
+
+USAGE:
+
+You can use the following options:
+
+-v|--version        - the script will apply the whole procedure for a particular library version
+-d|--destination    - the root of destination folder where the docs should be copied. You have to use the full path.
+                        E.g. point to spring-cloud-static folder. Can't be used with (-c)
+-b|--build          - will run the standard build process after checking out the branch
+-c|--clone          - will automatically clone the spring-cloud-static repo instead of providing the destination.
+                        Obviously can't be used with (-d)
+
+EOF
+}
+
+
+# ==========================================
+#    ____   ____ _____  _____ _____ _______
+#  / ____|/ ____|  __ \|_   _|  __ \__   __|
+# | (___ | |    | |__) | | | | |__) | | |
+#  \___ \| |    |  _  /  | | |  ___/  | |
+#  ____) | |____| | \ \ _| |_| |      | |
+# |_____/ \_____|_|  \_\_____|_|      |_|
+#
+# ==========================================
+
+while [[ $# > 0 ]]
+do
+key="$1"
+case ${key} in
+    -v|--version)
+    VERSION="$2"
+    shift # past argument
+    ;;
+    -d|--destination)
+    DESTINATION="$2"
+    shift # past argument
+    ;;
+    -b|--build)
+    BUILD="yes"
+    ;;
+    -c|--clone)
+    CLONE="yes"
+    ;;
+    -h|--help)
+    print_usage
+    exit 0
+    ;;
+    *)
+    echo "Invalid option: [$1]"
+    print_usage
+    exit 1
+    ;;
+esac
+shift # past argument or value
+done
+
+assert_properties
+set_default_props
+check_if_anything_to_sync
+if [[ -z "${VERSION}" ]] ; then
+    retrieve_current_branch
+else
+    switch_to_tag
+fi
+build_docs_if_applicable
+retrieve_doc_properties
+stash_changes
+add_docs_from_target
+checkout_previous_branch
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/background.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/background.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/callouts/1.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/callouts/1.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/callouts/2.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/callouts/2.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/callouts/3.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/callouts/3.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/caution.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/caution.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/important.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/important.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/logo.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/logo.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/note.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/note.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/part-bindings.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/part-bindings.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/part-exchange.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/part-exchange.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/part-queues.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/part-queues.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/rabbit-binder.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/rabbit-binder.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/tip.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/tip.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/warning.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/images/warning.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/index.html
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta charset="UTF-8">
+<!--[if IE]><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><![endif]-->
+<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+<meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor 1.5.7.1">
+<title>spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit</title>
+<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/manual-singlepage.css">
+<style>
+.hidden {
+	display: none;
+}
+
+.switch {
+	border-width: 1px 1px 0 1px;
+	border-style: solid;
+	border-color: #7a2518;
+	display: inline-block;
+}
+
+.switch--item {
+	padding: 10px;
+	background-color: #ffffff;
+	color: #7a2518;
+	display: inline-block;
+	cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+.switch--item.selected {
+	background-color: #7a2519;
+	color: #ffffff;
+}
+</style>
+<script src="http://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/zepto/1.2.0/zepto.min.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript">
+function addBlockSwitches() {
+	$('.primary').each(function() {
+		primary = $(this);
+		createSwitchItem(primary, createBlockSwitch(primary)).item.addClass("selected");
+		primary.children('.title').remove();
+	});
+	$('.secondary').each(function(idx, node) {
+		secondary = $(node);
+		primary = findPrimary(secondary);
+		switchItem = createSwitchItem(secondary, primary.children('.switch'));
+		switchItem.content.addClass('hidden');
+		findPrimary(secondary).append(switchItem.content);
+		secondary.remove();
+	});
+}
+
+function createBlockSwitch(primary) {
+	blockSwitch = $('<div class="switch"></div>');
+	primary.prepend(blockSwitch);
+	return blockSwitch;
+}
+
+function findPrimary(secondary) {
+	candidate = secondary.prev();
+	while (!candidate.is('.primary')) {
+		candidate = candidate.prev();
+	}
+	return candidate;
+}
+
+function createSwitchItem(block, blockSwitch) {
+	blockName = block.children('.title').text();
+	content = block.children('.content').first().append(block.next('.colist'));
+	item = $('<div class="switch--item">' + blockName + '</div>');
+	item.on('click', '', content, function(e) {
+		$(this).addClass('selected');
+		$(this).siblings().removeClass('selected');
+		e.data.siblings('.content').addClass('hidden');
+		e.data.removeClass('hidden');
+	});
+	blockSwitch.append(item);
+	return {'item': item, 'content': content};
+}
+
+$(addBlockSwitches);
+</script>
+</head>
+
+<body class="article">
+<div id="header">
+<h1>spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit</h1>
+</div>
+<div id="content">
+<div id="preamble">
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p>2.1.3.RELEASE</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_pick_the_documentation_option">Pick The Documentation Option</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="ulist">
+<ul>
+<li>
+<p><a href="single/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Single HTML</a></p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p><a href="multi/multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Multi HTML</a></p>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prettify/r298/prettify.min.css">
+<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prettify/r298/prettify.min.js"></script>
+<script>prettyPrint()</script>
+</body>
+</html>
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/css/highlight.css
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/css/highlight.css
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/* 
+   code highlight CSS resemblign the Eclipse IDE default color schema
+   @author Costin Leau
+*/
+
+.hl-keyword {
+    color: #7F0055;
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+.hl-comment {
+    color: #3F5F5F;
+    font-style: italic;
+}
+
+.hl-multiline-comment {
+    color: #3F5FBF;
+    font-style: italic;
+}
+
+.hl-tag {
+    color: #3F7F7F;
+}
+
+.hl-attribute {
+    color: #7F007F;
+}
+
+.hl-value {
+    color: #2A00FF;
+}
+
+.hl-string {
+    color: #2A00FF;
+}
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/css/manual-multipage.css
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/css/manual-multipage.css
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+@IMPORT url("manual.css");
+
+body.firstpage {
+    background: url("../images/background.png") no-repeat center top;
+}
+
+div.part h1 {
+    border-top: none;
+}
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/css/manual-singlepage.css
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/css/manual-singlepage.css
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+@IMPORT url("manual.css");
+
+body {
+    background: url("../images/background.png") no-repeat center top;
+}
+
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/css/manual.css
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/css/manual.css
@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+@IMPORT url("highlight.css");
+
+html {
+    padding: 0pt;
+    margin: 0pt;
+}
+
+body {
+    color: #333333;
+    margin: 15px 30px;
+    font-family: Helvetica, Arial, Freesans, Clean, Sans-serif;
+    line-height: 1.6;
+    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
+}
+
+code {
+    font-size: 16px;
+    font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace;
+}
+
+:not(a) > code {
+    color: #6D180B;
+}
+
+:not(pre) > code {
+    background-color: #F2F2F2;
+    border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+    border-radius: 4px;
+    padding: 1px 3px 0;
+    text-shadow: none;
+    white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+body > *:first-child {
+    margin-top: 0 !important;
+}
+
+div {
+    margin: 0pt;
+}
+
+hr {
+    border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+    background: #CCCCCC;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
+    color: #000000;
+    cursor: text;
+    font-weight: bold;
+    margin: 30px 0 10px;
+    padding: 0;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3 {
+    margin: 40px 0 10px;
+}
+
+h1 {
+    margin: 70px 0 30px;
+    padding-top: 20px;
+}
+
+div.part h1 {
+    border-top: 1px dotted #CCCCCC;
+}
+
+h1, h1 code {
+    font-size: 32px;
+}
+
+h2, h2 code {
+    font-size: 24px;
+}
+
+h3, h3 code {
+    font-size: 20px;
+}
+
+h4, h1 code, h5, h5 code, h6, h6 code {
+    font-size: 18px;
+}
+
+div.book, div.chapter, div.appendix, div.part, div.preface {
+    min-width: 300px;
+    max-width: 1200px;
+    margin: 0 auto;
+}
+
+p.releaseinfo {
+    font-weight: bold;
+    margin-bottom: 40px;
+    margin-top: 40px;
+}
+
+div.authorgroup {
+    line-height: 1;
+}
+
+p.copyright {
+    line-height: 1;
+    margin-bottom: -5px;
+}
+
+.legalnotice p {
+    font-style: italic;
+    font-size: 14px;
+    line-height: 1;
+}
+
+div.titlepage + p, div.titlepage + p {
+    margin-top: 0;
+}
+
+pre {
+    line-height: 1.0;
+    color: black;
+}
+
+a {
+    color: #4183C4;
+    text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+p {
+    margin: 15px 0;
+    text-align: left;
+}
+
+ul, ol {
+    padding-left: 30px;
+}
+
+li p {
+    margin: 0;
+}
+
+div.table {
+    margin: 1em;
+    padding: 0.5em;
+    text-align: center;
+}
+
+div.table table, div.informaltable table {
+    display: table;
+    width: 100%;
+}
+
+div.table td {
+    padding-left: 7px;
+    padding-right: 7px;
+}
+
+.sidebar {
+    line-height: 1.4;
+    padding: 0 20px;
+    background-color: #F8F8F8;
+    border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+    border-radius: 3px 3px 3px 3px;
+}
+
+.sidebar p.title {
+    color: #6D180B;
+}
+
+pre.programlisting, pre.screen {
+    font-size: 15px;
+    padding: 6px 10px;
+    background-color: #F8F8F8;
+    border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+    border-radius: 3px 3px 3px 3px;
+    clear: both;
+    overflow: auto;
+    line-height: 1.4;
+    font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace;
+}
+
+table {
+    border-collapse: collapse;
+    border-spacing: 0;
+    border: 1px solid #DDDDDD !important;
+    border-radius: 4px !important;
+    border-collapse: separate !important;
+    line-height: 1.6;
+}
+
+table thead {
+    background: #F5F5F5;
+}
+
+table tr {
+    border: none;
+    border-bottom: none;
+}
+
+table th {
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+table th, table td {
+    border: none !important;
+    padding: 6px 13px;
+}
+
+table tr:nth-child(2n) {
+    background-color: #F8F8F8;
+}
+
+td p {
+    margin: 0 0 15px 0;
+}
+
+div.table-contents td p {
+    margin: 0;
+}
+
+div.important *, div.note *, div.tip *, div.warning *, div.navheader *, div.navfooter *, div.calloutlist * {
+    border: none !important;
+    background: none !important;
+    margin: 0;
+}
+
+div.important p, div.note p, div.tip p, div.warning p {
+    color: #6F6F6F;
+    line-height: 1.6;
+}
+
+div.important code, div.note code, div.tip code, div.warning code {
+    background-color: #F2F2F2 !important;
+    border: 1px solid #CCCCCC !important;
+    border-radius: 4px !important;
+    padding: 1px 3px 0 !important;
+    text-shadow: none !important;
+    white-space: nowrap !important;
+}
+
+.note th, .tip th, .warning th {
+    display: none;
+}
+
+.note tr:first-child td, .tip tr:first-child td, .warning tr:first-child td {
+    border-right: 1px solid #CCCCCC !important;
+    padding-top: 10px;
+}
+
+div.calloutlist p, div.calloutlist td {
+    padding: 0;
+    margin: 0;
+}
+
+div.calloutlist > table > tbody > tr > td:first-child {
+    padding-left: 10px;
+    width: 30px !important;
+}
+
+div.important, div.note, div.tip, div.warning {
+    margin-left: 0px !important;
+    margin-right: 20px !important;
+    margin-top: 20px;
+    margin-bottom: 20px;
+    padding-top: 10px;
+    padding-bottom: 10px;
+}
+
+div.toc {
+    line-height: 1.2;
+}
+
+dl, dt {
+    margin-top: 1px;
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+div.toc > dl > dt {
+    font-size: 32px;
+    font-weight: bold;
+    margin: 30px 0 10px 0;
+    display: block;
+}
+
+div.toc > dl > dd > dl > dt {
+    font-size: 24px;
+    font-weight: bold;
+    margin: 20px 0 10px 0;
+    display: block;
+}
+
+div.toc > dl > dd > dl > dd > dl > dt {
+    font-weight: bold;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    margin: 10px 0 0 0;
+}
+
+tbody.footnotes * {
+    border: none !important;
+}
+
+div.footnote p {
+    margin: 0;
+    line-height: 1;
+}
+
+div.footnote p sup {
+    margin-right: 6px;
+    vertical-align: middle;
+}
+
+div.navheader {
+    border-bottom: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+}
+
+div.navfooter {
+    border-top: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+}
+
+.title {
+    margin-left: -1em;
+    padding-left: 1em;
+}
+
+.title > a {
+    position: absolute;
+    visibility: hidden;
+    display: block;
+    font-size: 0.85em;
+    margin-top: 0.05em;
+    margin-left: -1em;
+    vertical-align: text-top;
+    color: black;
+}
+
+.title > a:before {
+    content: "\00A7";
+}
+
+.title:hover > a, .title > a:hover, .title:hover > a:hover {
+    visibility: visible;
+}
+
+.title:focus > a, .title > a:focus, .title:focus > a:focus {
+    outline: 0;
+}
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/background.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/background.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/callouts/1.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/callouts/1.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/callouts/2.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/callouts/2.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/callouts/3.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/callouts/3.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/caution.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/caution.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/important.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/important.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/logo.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/logo.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/note.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/note.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/tip.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/tip.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/warning.png
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/images/warning.png
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__appendices.html
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__appendices.html
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<html><head>
+      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
+   <title>Part&nbsp;II.&nbsp;Appendices</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/manual-multipage.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="prev" href="multi__partitioning_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html" title="7.&nbsp;Partitioning with the RabbitMQ Binder"><link rel="next" href="multi_building.html" title="Appendix&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Building"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Part&nbsp;II.&nbsp;Appendices</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__partitioning_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">&nbsp;</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi_building.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="part"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="_appendices" href="#_appendices"></a>Part&nbsp;II.&nbsp;Appendices</h1></div></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__partitioning_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center">&nbsp;</td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi_building.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">7.&nbsp;Partitioning with the RabbitMQ Binder&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;Appendix&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Building</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__configuration_options.html
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__configuration_options.html
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+<html><head>
+      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
+   <title>3.&nbsp;Configuration Options</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/manual-multipage.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="multi__reference_guide.html" title="Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide"><link rel="prev" href="multi__rabbitmq_binder_overview.html" title="2.&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Overview"><link rel="next" href="multi__retry_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html" title="4.&nbsp;Retry With the RabbitMQ Binder"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">3.&nbsp;Configuration Options</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__rabbitmq_binder_overview.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi__retry_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="_configuration_options" href="#_configuration_options"></a>3.&nbsp;Configuration Options</h2></div></div></div><p>This section contains settings specific to the RabbitMQ Binder and bound channels.</p><p>For general binding configuration options and properties, see the <a class="link" href="https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-stream/blob/master/spring-cloud-stream-core-docs/src/main/asciidoc/spring-cloud-stream-overview.adoc#configuration-options" target="_top">Spring Cloud Stream core documentation</a>.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="rabbit-binder-properties" href="#rabbit-binder-properties"></a>3.1&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Properties</h2></div></div></div><p>By default, the RabbitMQ binder uses Spring Boot&#8217;s <code class="literal">ConnectionFactory</code>.
+Conseuqently, it supports all Spring Boot configuration options for RabbitMQ.
+(For reference, see the <a class="link" href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/htmlsingle/#common-application-properties" target="_top">Spring Boot documentation</a>).
+RabbitMQ configuration options use the <code class="literal">spring.rabbitmq</code> prefix.</p><p>In addition to Spring Boot options, the RabbitMQ binder supports the following properties:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.binder.adminAddresses</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A comma-separated list of RabbitMQ management plugin URLs.
+Only used when <code class="literal">nodes</code> contains more than one entry.
+Each entry in this list must have a corresponding entry in <code class="literal">spring.rabbitmq.addresses</code>.
+Only needed if you use a RabbitMQ cluster and wish to consume from the node that hosts the queue.
+See <a class="link" href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-amqp/reference/html/_reference.html#queue-affinity" target="_top">Queue Affinity and the LocalizedQueueConnectionFactory</a> for more information.</p><p class="simpara">Default: empty.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.binder.nodes</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A comma-separated list of RabbitMQ node names.
+When more than one entry, used to locate the server address where a queue is located.
+Each entry in this list must have a corresponding entry in <code class="literal">spring.rabbitmq.addresses</code>.
+Only needed if you use a RabbitMQ cluster and wish to consume from the node that hosts the queue.
+See <a class="link" href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-amqp/reference/html/_reference.html#queue-affinity" target="_top">Queue Affinity and the LocalizedQueueConnectionFactory</a> for more information.</p><p class="simpara">Default: empty.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.binder.compressionLevel</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The compression level for compressed bindings.
+See <code class="literal">java.util.zip.Deflater</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">1</code> (BEST_LEVEL).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">spring.cloud.stream.binder.connection-name-prefix</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A connection name prefix used to name the connection(s) created by this binder.
+The name is this prefix followed by <code class="literal">#n</code>, where <code class="literal">n</code> increments each time a new connection is opened.</p><p class="simpara">Default: none (Spring AMQP default).</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_rabbitmq_consumer_properties" href="#_rabbitmq_consumer_properties"></a>3.2&nbsp;RabbitMQ Consumer Properties</h2></div></div></div><p>The following properties are available for Rabbit consumers only and must be prefixed with <code class="literal">spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.&lt;channelName&gt;.consumer.</code>.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">acknowledgeMode</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The acknowledge mode.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">AUTO</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">anonymousGroupPrefix</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When the binding has no <code class="literal">group</code> property, an anonymous, auto-delete queue is bound to the destination exchange.
+The default naming stragegy for such queues results in a queue named <code class="literal">anonymous.&lt;base64 representation of a UUID&gt;</code>.
+Set this property to change the prefix to something other than the default.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">anonymous.</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">autoBindDlq</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to automatically declare the DLQ and bind it to the binder DLX.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">bindingRoutingKey</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The routing key with which to bind the queue to the exchange (if <code class="literal">bindQueue</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>).
+For partitioned destinations, <code class="literal">-&lt;instanceIndex&gt;</code> is appended.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">#</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">bindQueue</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the queue and bind it to the destination exchange.
+Set it to <code class="literal">false</code> if you have set up your own infrastructure and have previously created and bound the queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">consumerTagPrefix</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Used to create the consumer tag(s); will be appended by <code class="literal">#n</code> where <code class="literal">n</code> increments for each consumer created.
+Example: <code class="literal">${spring.application.name}-${spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input.group}-${spring.cloud.stream.instance-index}</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: none - the broker will generate random consumer tags.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">containerType</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Select the type of listener container to be used.
+See <a class="link" href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-amqp/reference/html/_reference.html#choose-container" target="_top">Choosing a Container</a> in the Spring AMQP documentation for more information.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">simple</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterQueueName</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The name of the DLQ</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">prefix+destination.dlq</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A DLX to assign to the queue.
+Relevant only if <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: 'prefix+DLX'</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterExchangeType</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The type of the DLX to assign to the queue.
+Relevant only if <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: 'direct'</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterRoutingKey</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A dead letter routing key to assign to the queue.
+Relevant only if <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">destination</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">declareDlx</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the dead letter exchange for the destination.
+Relevant only if <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Set to <code class="literal">false</code> if you have a pre-configured DLX.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">declareExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the exchange for the destination.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">delayedExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the exchange as a <code class="literal">Delayed Message Exchange</code>.
+Requires the delayed message exchange plugin on the broker.
+The <code class="literal">x-delayed-type</code> argument is set to the <code class="literal">exchangeType</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqDeadLetterExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">If a DLQ is declared, a DLX to assign to that queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqDeadLetterRoutingKey</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">If a DLQ is declared, a dead letter routing key to assign to that queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqExpires</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">How long before an unused dead letter queue is deleted (in milliseconds).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no expiration</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqLazy</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Declare the dead letter queue with the <code class="literal">x-queue-mode=lazy</code> argument.
+See <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/lazy-queues.html" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Lazy Queues</span>&#8221;</span></a>.
+Consider using a policy instead of this setting, because using a policy allows changing the setting without deleting the queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqMaxLength</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum number of messages in the dead letter queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqMaxLengthBytes</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum number of total bytes in the dead letter queue from all messages.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqMaxPriority</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum priority of messages in the dead letter queue (0-255).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqOverflowBehavior</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Action to take when <code class="literal">dlqMaxLength</code> or <code class="literal">dlqMaxLengthBytes</code> is exceeded; currently <code class="literal">drop-head</code> or <code class="literal">reject-publish</code> but refer to the RabbitMQ documentation.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqTtl</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Default time to live to apply to the dead letter queue when declared (in milliseconds).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">durableSubscription</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether the subscription should be durable.
+Only effective if <code class="literal">group</code> is also set.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">exchangeAutoDelete</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">If <code class="literal">declareExchange</code> is true, whether the exchange should be auto-deleted (that is, removed after the last queue is removed).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">exchangeDurable</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">If <code class="literal">declareExchange</code> is true, whether the exchange should be durable (that is, it survives broker restart).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">exchangeType</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The exchange type: <code class="literal">direct</code>, <code class="literal">fanout</code> or <code class="literal">topic</code> for non-partitioned destinations and <code class="literal">direct</code> or <code class="literal">topic</code> for partitioned destinations.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">topic</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">exclusive</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to create an exclusive consumer.
+Concurrency should be 1 when this is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Often used when strict ordering is required but enabling a hot standby instance to take over after a failure.
+See <code class="literal">recoveryInterval</code>, which controls how often a standby instance attempts to consume.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">expires</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">How long before an unused queue is deleted (in milliseconds).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no expiration</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">failedDeclarationRetryInterval</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The interval (in milliseconds) between attempts to consume from a queue if it is missing.</p><p class="simpara">Default: 5000</p></dd></dl></div><div class="variablelist"><a name="spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-frame-max-headroom" href="#spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-frame-max-headroom"></a><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">frameMaxHeadroom</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The number of bytes to reserve for other headers when adding the stack trace to a DLQ message header.
+All headers must fit within the <code class="literal">frame_max</code> size configured on the broker.
+Stack traces can be large; if the size plus this property exceeds <code class="literal">frame_max</code> then the stack trace will be truncated.
+A WARN log will be written; consider increasing the <code class="literal">frame_max</code> or reducing the stack trace by catching the exception and throwing one with a smaller stack trace.</p><p class="simpara">Default: 20000</p></dd><dt><span class="term">headerPatterns</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Patterns for headers to be mapped from inbound messages.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">['*']</code> (all headers).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lazy</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Declare the queue with the <code class="literal">x-queue-mode=lazy</code> argument.
+See <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/lazy-queues.html" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Lazy Queues</span>&#8221;</span></a>.
+Consider using a policy instead of this setting, because using a policy allows changing the setting without deleting the queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxConcurrency</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The maximum number of consumers.
+Not supported when the <code class="literal">containerType</code> is <code class="literal">direct</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">1</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxLength</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The maximum number of messages in the queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxLengthBytes</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The maximum number of total bytes in the queue from all messages.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxPriority</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The maximum priority of messages in the queue (0-255).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">missingQueuesFatal</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When the queue cannot be found, whether to treat the condition as fatal and stop the listener container.
+Defaults to <code class="literal">false</code> so that the container keeps trying to consume from the queue&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;for example, when using a cluster and the node hosting a non-HA queue is down.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">overflowBehavior</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Action to take when <code class="literal">maxLength</code> or <code class="literal">maxLengthBytes</code> is exceeded; currently <code class="literal">drop-head</code> or <code class="literal">reject-publish</code> but refer to the RabbitMQ documentation.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">prefetch</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Prefetch count.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">1</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">prefix</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A prefix to be added to the name of the <code class="literal">destination</code> and queues.</p><p class="simpara">Default: "".</p></dd><dt><span class="term">queueDeclarationRetries</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The number of times to retry consuming from a queue if it is missing.
+Relevant only when <code class="literal">missingQueuesFatal</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Otherwise, the container keeps retrying indefinitely.
+Not supported when the <code class="literal">containerType</code> is <code class="literal">direct</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">3</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">queueNameGroupOnly</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When true, consume from a queue with a name equal to the <code class="literal">group</code>.
+Otherwise the queue name is <code class="literal">destination.group</code>.
+This is useful, for example, when using Spring Cloud Stream to consume from an existing RabbitMQ queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: false.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">recoveryInterval</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The interval between connection recovery attempts, in milliseconds.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">5000</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">requeueRejected</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether delivery failures should be re-queued when retry is disabled or <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> is <code class="literal">false</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd></dl></div><div class="variablelist"><a name="spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-republish-delivery-mode" href="#spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-republish-delivery-mode"></a><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">republishDeliveryMode</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>, specifies the delivery mode of the republished message.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">DeliveryMode.PERSISTENT</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">republishToDlq</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">By default, messages that fail after retries are exhausted are rejected.
+If a dead-letter queue (DLQ) is configured, RabbitMQ routes the failed message (unchanged) to the DLQ.
+If set to <code class="literal">true</code>, the binder republishs failed messages to the DLQ with additional headers, including the exception message and stack trace from the cause of the final failure.
+Also see the <a class="link" href="multi__configuration_options.html#spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-frame-max-headroom">frameMaxHeadroom property</a>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: false</p></dd><dt><span class="term">transacted</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to use transacted channels.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">ttl</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Default time to live to apply to the queue when declared (in milliseconds).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">txSize</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The number of deliveries between acks.
+Not supported when the <code class="literal">containerType</code> is <code class="literal">direct</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">1</code>.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_advanced_listener_container_configuration" href="#_advanced_listener_container_configuration"></a>3.3&nbsp;Advanced Listener Container Configuration</h2></div></div></div><p>To set listener container properties that are not exposed as binder or binding properties, add a single bean of type <code class="literal">ListenerContainerCustomizer</code> to the application context.
+The binder and binding properties will be set and then the customizer will be called.
+The customizer (<code class="literal">configure()</code> method) is provided with the queue name as well as the consumer group as arguments.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_rabbit_producer_properties" href="#_rabbit_producer_properties"></a>3.4&nbsp;Rabbit Producer Properties</h2></div></div></div><p>The following properties are available for Rabbit producers only and
+must be prefixed with <code class="literal">spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.&lt;channelName&gt;.producer.</code>.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">autoBindDlq</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to automatically declare the DLQ and bind it to the binder DLX.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">batchingEnabled</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to enable message batching by producers.
+Messages are batched into one message according to the following properties (described in the next three entries in this list): 'batchSize', <code class="literal">batchBufferLimit</code>, and <code class="literal">batchTimeout</code>.
+See <a class="link" href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-amqp//reference/html/_reference.html#template-batching" target="_top">Batching</a> for more information.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">batchSize</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The number of messages to buffer when batching is enabled.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">100</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">batchBufferLimit</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The maximum buffer size when batching is enabled.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">10000</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">batchTimeout</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The batch timeout when batching is enabled.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">5000</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">bindingRoutingKey</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The routing key with which to bind the queue to the exchange (if <code class="literal">bindQueue</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>).
+Only applies to non-partitioned destinations.
+Only applies if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">#</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">bindQueue</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the queue and bind it to the destination exchange.
+Set it to <code class="literal">false</code> if you have set up your own infrastructure and have previously created and bound the queue.
+Only applies if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">compress</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether data should be compressed when sent.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">confirmAckChannel</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When <code class="literal">errorChannelEnabled</code> is true, a channel to which to send positive delivery acknowledgments (aka publisher confirms).
+If the channel does not exist, a <code class="literal">DirectChannel</code> is registered with this name.
+The connection factory must be configured to enable publisher confirms.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">nullChannel</code> (acks are discarded).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterQueueName</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The name of the DLQ
+Only applies if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">prefix+destination.dlq</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A DLX to assign to the queue.
+Relevant only when <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: 'prefix+DLX'</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterExchangeType</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The type of the DLX to assign to the queue.
+Relevant only if <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: 'direct'</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterRoutingKey</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A dead letter routing key to assign to the queue.
+Relevant only when <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">destination</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">declareDlx</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the dead letter exchange for the destination.
+Relevant only if <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Set to <code class="literal">false</code> if you have a pre-configured DLX.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">declareExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the exchange for the destination.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">delayExpression</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A SpEL expression to evaluate the delay to apply to the message (<code class="literal">x-delay</code> header).
+It has no effect if the exchange is not a delayed message exchange.</p><p class="simpara">Default: No <code class="literal">x-delay</code> header is set.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">delayedExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the exchange as a <code class="literal">Delayed Message Exchange</code>.
+Requires the delayed message exchange plugin on the broker.
+The <code class="literal">x-delayed-type</code> argument is set to the <code class="literal">exchangeType</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deliveryMode</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The delivery mode.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">PERSISTENT</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqDeadLetterExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When a DLQ is declared, a DLX to assign to that queue.
+Applies only if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqDeadLetterRoutingKey</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When a DLQ is declared, a dead letter routing key to assign to that queue.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqExpires</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">How long (in milliseconds) before an unused dead letter queue is deleted.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no expiration</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqLazy</span></dt><dd>Declare the dead letter queue with the <code class="literal">x-queue-mode=lazy</code> argument.
+See <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/lazy-queues.html" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Lazy Queues</span>&#8221;</span></a>.
+Consider using a policy instead of this setting, because using a policy allows changing the setting without deleting the queue.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</dd><dt><span class="term">dlqMaxLength</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum number of messages in the dead letter queue.
+Applies only if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqMaxLengthBytes</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum number of total bytes in the dead letter queue from all messages.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqMaxPriority</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum priority of messages in the dead letter queue (0-255)
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqTtl</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Default time (in milliseconds) to live to apply to the dead letter queue when declared.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">exchangeAutoDelete</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">If <code class="literal">declareExchange</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>, whether the exchange should be auto-delete (it is removed after the last queue is removed).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">exchangeDurable</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">If <code class="literal">declareExchange</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>, whether the exchange should be durable (survives broker restart).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">exchangeType</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The exchange type: <code class="literal">direct</code>, <code class="literal">fanout</code> or <code class="literal">topic</code> for non-partitioned destinations and <code class="literal">direct</code> or <code class="literal">topic</code> for partitioned destinations.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">topic</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">expires</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">How long (in milliseconds) before an unused queue is deleted.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no expiration</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">headerPatterns</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Patterns for headers to be mapped to outbound messages.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">['*']</code> (all headers).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lazy</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Declare the queue with the <code class="literal">x-queue-mode=lazy</code> argument.
+See <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/lazy-queues.html" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Lazy Queues</span>&#8221;</span></a>.
+Consider using a policy instead of this setting, because using a policy allows changing the setting without deleting the queue.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxLength</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum number of messages in the queue.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxLengthBytes</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum number of total bytes in the queue from all messages.
+Only applies if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxPriority</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum priority of messages in the queue (0-255).
+Only applies if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">prefix</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A prefix to be added to the name of the <code class="literal">destination</code> exchange.</p><p class="simpara">Default: "".</p></dd><dt><span class="term">queueNameGroupOnly</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When <code class="literal">true</code>, consume from a queue with a name equal to the <code class="literal">group</code>.
+Otherwise the queue name is <code class="literal">destination.group</code>.
+This is useful, for example, when using Spring Cloud Stream to consume from an existing RabbitMQ queue.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: false.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">routingKeyExpression</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A SpEL expression to determine the routing key to use when publishing messages.
+For a fixed routing key, use a literal expression, such as <code class="literal">routingKeyExpression='my.routingKey'</code> in a properties file or <code class="literal">routingKeyExpression: '''my.routingKey'''</code> in a YAML file.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">destination</code> or <code class="literal">destination-&lt;partition&gt;</code> for partitioned destinations.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">transacted</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to use transacted channels.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">ttl</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Default time (in milliseconds) to live to apply to the queue when declared.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd></dl></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>In the case of RabbitMQ, content type headers can be set by external applications.
+Spring Cloud Stream supports them as part of an extended internal protocol used for any type of transport&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;including transports, such as Kafka (prior to 0.11), that do not natively support headers.</p></td></tr></table></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__rabbitmq_binder_overview.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="multi__reference_guide.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi__retry_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">2.&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Overview&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;4.&nbsp;Retry With the RabbitMQ Binder</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__partitioning_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__partitioning_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+<html><head>
+      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
+   <title>7.&nbsp;Partitioning with the RabbitMQ Binder</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/manual-multipage.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="multi__reference_guide.html" title="Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide"><link rel="prev" href="multi_rabbit-dlq-processing.html" title="6.&nbsp;Dead-Letter Queue Processing"><link rel="next" href="multi__appendices.html" title="Part&nbsp;II.&nbsp;Appendices"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">7.&nbsp;Partitioning with the RabbitMQ Binder</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi_rabbit-dlq-processing.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi__appendices.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="_partitioning_with_the_rabbitmq_binder" href="#_partitioning_with_the_rabbitmq_binder"></a>7.&nbsp;Partitioning with the RabbitMQ Binder</h2></div></div></div><p>RabbitMQ does not support partitioning natively.</p><p>Sometimes, it is advantageous to send data to specific partitions&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;for example, when you want to strictly order message processing, all messages for a particular customer should go to the same partition.</p><p>The <code class="literal">RabbitMessageChannelBinder</code> provides partitioning by binding a queue for each partition to the destination exchange.</p><p>The following Java and YAML examples show how to configure the producer:</p><p><b>Producer.&nbsp;</b>
+</p><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@EnableBinding(Source.class)</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> RabbitPartitionProducerApplication {
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> Random RANDOM = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String[] data = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> String[] {
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"abc1"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"def1"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"qux1"</span>,
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"abc2"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"def2"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"qux2"</span>,
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"abc3"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"def3"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"qux3"</span>,
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"abc4"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"def4"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"qux4"</span>,
+            };
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) {
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> SpringApplicationBuilder(RabbitPartitionProducerApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>)
+            .web(false)
+            .run(args);
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@InboundChannelAdapter(channel = Source.OUTPUT, poller = @Poller(fixedRate = "5000"))</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> Message&lt;?&gt; generate() {
+        String value = data[RANDOM.nextInt(data.length)];
+        System.out.println(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"Sending: "</span> + value);
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> MessageBuilder.withPayload(value)
+                .setHeader(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"partitionKey"</span>, value)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+}</pre><p>
+</p><p><b>application.yml.&nbsp;</b>
+</p><pre class="programlisting"><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">    spring</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">      cloud</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">        stream</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">          bindings</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">            output</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">              destination</span>: partitioned.destination
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">              producer</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">                partitioned</span>: <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">true</span>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">                partition-key-expression</span>: headers[<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">'partitionKey'</span><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">]</span>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">                partition-count</span>: <span class="hl-number">2</span>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">                required-groups</span>:
+                - myGroup</pre><p>
+</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>The configuration in the prececing example uses the default partitioning (<code class="literal">key.hashCode() % partitionCount</code>).
+This may or may not provide a suitably balanced algorithm, depending on the key values.
+You can override this default by using the <code class="literal">partitionSelectorExpression</code> or <code class="literal">partitionSelectorClass</code> properties.</p><p>The <code class="literal">required-groups</code> property is required only if you need the consumer queues to be provisioned when the producer is deployed.
+Otherwise, any messages sent to a partition are lost until the corresponding consumer is deployed.</p></td></tr></table></div><p>The following configuration provisions a topic exchange:</p><div class="informalfigure"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/part-exchange.png" alt="part exchange"></div></div><p>The following queues are bound to that exchange:</p><div class="informalfigure"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/part-queues.png" alt="part queues"></div></div><p>The following bindings associate the queues to the exchange:</p><div class="informalfigure"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/part-bindings.png" alt="part bindings"></div></div><p>The following Java and YAML examples continue the previous examples and show how to configure the consumer:</p><p><b>Consumer.&nbsp;</b>
+</p><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@EnableBinding(Sink.class)</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> RabbitPartitionConsumerApplication {
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) {
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> SpringApplicationBuilder(RabbitPartitionConsumerApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>)
+            .web(false)
+            .run(args);
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@StreamListener(Sink.INPUT)</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> listen(<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Payload</span></em> String in, <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Header(AmqpHeaders.CONSUMER_QUEUE)</span></em> String queue) {
+        System.out.println(in + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">" received from queue "</span> + queue);
+    }
+
+}</pre><p>
+</p><p><b>application.yml.&nbsp;</b>
+</p><pre class="programlisting"><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">    spring</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">      cloud</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">        stream</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">          bindings</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">            input</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">              destination</span>: partitioned.destination
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">              group</span>: myGroup
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">              consumer</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">                partitioned</span>: <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">true</span>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">                instance-index</span>: <span class="hl-number">0</span></pre><p>
+</p><div class="important" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Important"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Important]" src="images/important.png"></td><th align="left">Important</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>The <code class="literal">RabbitMessageChannelBinder</code> does not support dynamic scaling.
+There must be at least one consumer per partition.
+The consumer&#8217;s <code class="literal">instanceIndex</code> is used to indicate which partition is consumed.
+Platforms such as Cloud Foundry can have only one instance with an <code class="literal">instanceIndex</code>.</p></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi_rabbit-dlq-processing.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="multi__reference_guide.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi__appendices.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">6.&nbsp;Dead-Letter Queue Processing&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;Part&nbsp;II.&nbsp;Appendices</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__rabbitmq_binder_overview.html
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__rabbitmq_binder_overview.html
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<html><head>
+      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
+   <title>2.&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Overview</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/manual-multipage.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="multi__reference_guide.html" title="Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide"><link rel="prev" href="multi__usage.html" title="1.&nbsp;Usage"><link rel="next" href="multi__configuration_options.html" title="3.&nbsp;Configuration Options"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">2.&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Overview</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__usage.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi__configuration_options.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="_rabbitmq_binder_overview" href="#_rabbitmq_binder_overview"></a>2.&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Overview</h2></div></div></div><p>The following simplified diagram shows how the RabbitMQ binder operates:</p><div class="figure"><a name="d0e39" href="#d0e39"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure&nbsp;2.1.&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="https://raw.github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/master/docs/src/main/asciidoc/images/rabbit-binder.png" alt="rabbit binder"></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><p>By default, the RabbitMQ Binder implementation maps each destination to a <code class="literal">TopicExchange</code>.
+For each consumer group, a <code class="literal">Queue</code> is bound to that <code class="literal">TopicExchange</code>.
+Each consumer instance has a corresponding RabbitMQ <code class="literal">Consumer</code> instance for its group&#8217;s <code class="literal">Queue</code>.
+For partitioned producers and consumers, the queues are suffixed with the partition index and use the partition index as the routing key.
+For anonymous consumers (those with no <code class="literal">group</code> property), an auto-delete queue (with a randomized unique name) is used.</p><p>By using the optional <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> option, you can configure the binder to create and configure dead-letter queues (DLQs) (and a dead-letter exchange <code class="literal">DLX</code>, as well as routing infrastructure).
+By default, the dead letter queue has the name of the destination, appended with <code class="literal">.dlq</code>.
+If retry is enabled (<code class="literal">maxAttempts &gt; 1</code>), failed messages are delivered to the DLQ after retries are exhausted.
+If retry is disabled (<code class="literal">maxAttempts = 1</code>), you should set <code class="literal">requeueRejected</code> to <code class="literal">false</code> (the default) so that failed messages are routed to the DLQ, instead of being re-queued.
+In addition, <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> causes the binder to publish a failed message to the DLQ (instead of rejecting it).
+This feature lets additional information (such as the stack trace in the <code class="literal">x-exception-stacktrace</code> header) be added to the message in headers.
+See the <a class="link" href="multi__configuration_options.html#spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-frame-max-headroom"><code class="literal">frameMaxHeadroom</code> property</a> for information about truncated stack traces.
+This option does not need retry enabled.
+You can republish a failed message after just one attempt.
+Starting with version 1.2, you can configure the delivery mode of republished messages.
+See the <a class="link" href="multi__configuration_options.html#spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-republish-delivery-mode"><code class="literal">republishDeliveryMode</code> property</a>.</p><p>If the stream listener throws an <code class="literal">ImmediateAcknowledgeAmqpException</code>, the DLQ is bypassed and the message simply discarded.
+Starting with version 2.1, this is true regardless of the setting of <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code>; previously it was only the case when <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> was <code class="literal">false</code>.</p><div class="important" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Important"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Important]" src="images/important.png"></td><th align="left">Important</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Setting <code class="literal">requeueRejected</code> to <code class="literal">true</code> (with <code class="literal">republishToDlq=false</code> ) causes the message to be re-queued and redelivered continually, which is likely not what you want unless the reason for the failure is transient.
+In general, you should enable retry within the binder by setting <code class="literal">maxAttempts</code> to greater than one or by setting <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> to <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></td></tr></table></div><p>See <a class="xref" href="multi__configuration_options.html#rabbit-binder-properties" title="3.1&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Properties">Section&nbsp;3.1, &#8220;RabbitMQ Binder Properties&#8221;</a> for more information about these properties.</p><p>The framework does not provide any standard mechanism to consume dead-letter messages (or to re-route them back to the primary queue).
+Some options are described in <a class="xref" href="multi_rabbit-dlq-processing.html" title="6.&nbsp;Dead-Letter Queue Processing">Chapter&nbsp;6, <i>Dead-Letter Queue Processing</i></a>.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>When multiple RabbitMQ binders are used in a Spring Cloud Stream application, it is important to disable 'RabbitAutoConfiguration' to avoid the same configuration from <code class="literal">RabbitAutoConfiguration</code> being applied to the two binders.
+You can exclude the class by using the <code class="literal">@SpringBootApplication</code> annotation.</p></td></tr></table></div><p>Starting with version 2.0, the <code class="literal">RabbitMessageChannelBinder</code> sets the <code class="literal">RabbitTemplate.userPublisherConnection</code> property to <code class="literal">true</code> so that the non-transactional producers avoid deadlocks on consumers, which can happen if cached connections are blocked because of a <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/memory.html" target="_top">memory alarm</a> on the broker.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Currently, a <code class="literal">multiplex</code> consumer (a single consumer listening to multiple queues) is only supported for message-driven conssumers; polled consumers can only retrieve messages from a single queue.</p></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__usage.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="multi__reference_guide.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi__configuration_options.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">1.&nbsp;Usage&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;3.&nbsp;Configuration Options</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__reference_guide.html
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__reference_guide.html
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+<html><head>
+      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
+   <title>Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/manual-multipage.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="prev" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="next" href="multi__usage.html" title="1.&nbsp;Usage"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">&nbsp;</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi__usage.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="part"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="_reference_guide" href="#_reference_guide"></a>Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide</h1></div></div></div><div class="partintro"><div></div><p>This guide describes the RabbitMQ implementation of the Spring Cloud Stream Binder.
+It contains information about its design, usage and configuration options, as well as information on how the Stream Cloud Stream concepts map into RabbitMQ specific constructs.</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center">&nbsp;</td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi__usage.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;1.&nbsp;Usage</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__retry_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__retry_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+<html><head>
+      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
+   <title>4.&nbsp;Retry With the RabbitMQ Binder</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/manual-multipage.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="multi__reference_guide.html" title="Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide"><link rel="prev" href="multi__configuration_options.html" title="3.&nbsp;Configuration Options"><link rel="next" href="multi_rabbit-error-channels.html" title="5.&nbsp;Error Channels"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">4.&nbsp;Retry With the RabbitMQ Binder</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__configuration_options.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi_rabbit-error-channels.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="_retry_with_the_rabbitmq_binder" href="#_retry_with_the_rabbitmq_binder"></a>4.&nbsp;Retry With the RabbitMQ Binder</h2></div></div></div><p>When retry is enabled within the binder, the listener container thread is suspended for any back off periods that are configured.
+This might be important when strict ordering is required with a single consumer. However, for other use cases, it prevents other messages from being processed on that thread.
+An alternative to using binder retry is to set up dead lettering with time to live on the dead-letter queue (DLQ) as well as dead-letter configuration on the DLQ itself.
+See <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote"><a class="xref" href="multi__configuration_options.html#rabbit-binder-properties" title="3.1&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Properties">Section&nbsp;3.1, &#8220;RabbitMQ Binder Properties&#8221;</a></span>&#8221;</span> for more information about the properties discussed here.
+You can use the following example configuration to enable this feature:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem">Set <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> to <code class="literal">true</code>.
+The binder create a DLQ.
+Optionally, you can specify a name in <code class="literal">deadLetterQueueName</code>.</li><li class="listitem">Set <code class="literal">dlqTtl</code> to the back off time you want to wait between redeliveries.</li><li class="listitem">Set the <code class="literal">dlqDeadLetterExchange</code> to the default exchange.
+Expired messages from the DLQ are routed to the original queue, because the default <code class="literal">deadLetterRoutingKey</code> is the queue name (<code class="literal">destination.group</code>).
+Setting to the default exchange is achieved by setting the property with no value, as shown in the next example.</li></ul></div><p>To force a message to be dead-lettered, either throw an <code class="literal">AmqpRejectAndDontRequeueException</code> or set <code class="literal">requeueRejected</code> to <code class="literal">true</code> (the default) and throw any exception.</p><p>The loop continue without end, which is fine for transient problems, but you may want to give up after some number of attempts.
+Fortunately, RabbitMQ provides the <code class="literal">x-death</code> header, which lets you determine how many cycles have occurred.</p><p>To acknowledge a message after giving up, throw an <code class="literal">ImmediateAcknowledgeAmqpException</code>.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_putting_it_all_together" href="#_putting_it_all_together"></a>4.1&nbsp;Putting it All Together</h2></div></div></div><p>The following configuration creates an exchange <code class="literal">myDestination</code> with queue <code class="literal">myDestination.consumerGroup</code> bound to a topic exchange with a wildcard routing key <code class="literal">#</code>:</p><pre class="screen">---
+spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input.destination=myDestination
+spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input.group=consumerGroup
+#disable binder retries
+spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input.consumer.max-attempts=1
+#dlx/dlq setup
+spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input.consumer.auto-bind-dlq=true
+spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input.consumer.dlq-ttl=5000
+spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input.consumer.dlq-dead-letter-exchange=
+---</pre><p>This configuration creates a DLQ bound to a direct exchange (<code class="literal">DLX</code>) with a routing key of <code class="literal">myDestination.consumerGroup</code>.
+When messages are rejected, they are routed to the DLQ.
+After 5 seconds, the message expires and is routed to the original queue by using the queue name as the routing key, as shown in the following example:</p><p><b>Spring Boot application.&nbsp;</b>
+</p><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@EnableBinding(Sink.class)</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> XDeathApplication {
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) {
+        SpringApplication.run(XDeathApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>, args);
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@StreamListener(Sink.INPUT)</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> listen(String in, <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Header(name = "x-death", required = false)</span></em> Map&lt;?,?&gt; death) {
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (death != null &amp;&amp; death.get(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"count"</span>).equals(<span class="hl-number">3L</span>)) {
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-comment">// giving up - don't send to DLX</span>
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">throw</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> ImmediateAcknowledgeAmqpException(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"Failed after 4 attempts"</span>);
+        }
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">throw</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> AmqpRejectAndDontRequeueException(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"failed"</span>);
+    }
+
+}</pre><p>
+</p><p>Notice that the count property in the <code class="literal">x-death</code> header is a <code class="literal">Long</code>.</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__configuration_options.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="multi__reference_guide.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi_rabbit-error-channels.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">3.&nbsp;Configuration Options&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;5.&nbsp;Error Channels</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__usage.html
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi__usage.html
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<html><head>
+      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
+   <title>1.&nbsp;Usage</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/manual-multipage.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="multi__reference_guide.html" title="Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide"><link rel="prev" href="multi__reference_guide.html" title="Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide"><link rel="next" href="multi__rabbitmq_binder_overview.html" title="2.&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Overview"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">1.&nbsp;Usage</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__reference_guide.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi__rabbitmq_binder_overview.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="_usage" href="#_usage"></a>1.&nbsp;Usage</h2></div></div></div><p>To use the RabbitMQ binder, you can add it to your Spring Cloud Stream application, by using the following Maven coordinates:</p><pre class="programlisting"><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
+  <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.springframework.cloud<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
+  <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span></pre><p>Alternatively, you can use the Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Starter, as follows:</p><pre class="programlisting"><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
+  <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.springframework.cloud<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
+  <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span></pre></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__reference_guide.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="multi__reference_guide.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi__rabbitmq_binder_overview.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;2.&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Overview</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi_building.html
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi_building.html
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<html><head>
+      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
+   <title>Appendix&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Building</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/manual-multipage.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="multi__appendices.html" title="Part&nbsp;II.&nbsp;Appendices"><link rel="prev" href="multi__appendices.html" title="Part&nbsp;II.&nbsp;Appendices"><link rel="next" href="multi_contributing.html" title="Appendix&nbsp;B.&nbsp;Contributing"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Appendix&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Building</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__appendices.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part&nbsp;II.&nbsp;Appendices</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi_contributing.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="appendix"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="building" href="#building"></a>Appendix&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Building</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_basic_compile_and_test" href="#_basic_compile_and_test"></a>A.1&nbsp;Basic Compile and Test</h2></div></div></div><p>To build the source you will need to install JDK 1.8.</p><p>The build uses the Maven wrapper so you don&#8217;t have to install a specific
+version of Maven. To enable the tests, you should have RabbitMQ server running
+on localhost and the default port (5672)
+before building.</p><p>The main build command is</p><pre class="screen">$ ./mvnw clean install</pre><p>You can also add '-DskipTests' if you like, to avoid running the tests.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>You can also install Maven (&gt;=3.3.3) yourself and run the <code class="literal">mvn</code> command
+in place of <code class="literal">./mvnw</code> in the examples below. If you do that you also
+might need to add <code class="literal">-P spring</code> if your local Maven settings do not
+contain repository declarations for spring pre-release artifacts.</p></td></tr></table></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Be aware that you might need to increase the amount of memory
+available to Maven by setting a <code class="literal">MAVEN_OPTS</code> environment variable with
+a value like <code class="literal">-Xmx512m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m</code>. We try to cover this in
+the <code class="literal">.mvn</code> configuration, so if you find you have to do it to make a
+build succeed, please raise a ticket to get the settings added to
+source control.</p></td></tr></table></div><p>The projects that require middleware generally include a
+<code class="literal">docker-compose.yml</code>, so consider using
+<a class="link" href="https://compose.docker.io/" target="_top">Docker Compose</a> to run the middeware servers
+in Docker containers.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_documentation" href="#_documentation"></a>A.2&nbsp;Documentation</h2></div></div></div><p>There is a "full" profile that will generate documentation.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_working_with_the_code" href="#_working_with_the_code"></a>A.3&nbsp;Working with the code</h2></div></div></div><p>If you don&#8217;t have an IDE preference we would recommend that you use
+<a class="link" href="https://www.springsource.com/developer/sts" target="_top">Spring Tools Suite</a> or
+<a class="link" href="https://eclipse.org" target="_top">Eclipse</a> when working with the code. We use the
+<a class="link" href="https://eclipse.org/m2e/" target="_top">m2eclipe</a> eclipse plugin for maven support. Other IDEs and tools
+should also work without issue.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="_importing_into_eclipse_with_m2eclipse" href="#_importing_into_eclipse_with_m2eclipse"></a>A.3.1&nbsp;Importing into eclipse with m2eclipse</h3></div></div></div><p>We recommend the <a class="link" href="https://eclipse.org/m2e/" target="_top">m2eclipe</a> eclipse plugin when working with
+eclipse. If you don&#8217;t already have m2eclipse installed it is available from the "eclipse
+marketplace".</p><p>Unfortunately m2e does not yet support Maven 3.3, so once the projects
+are imported into Eclipse you will also need to tell m2eclipse to use
+the <code class="literal">.settings.xml</code> file for the projects.  If you do not do this you
+may see many different errors related to the POMs in the
+projects.  Open your Eclipse preferences, expand the Maven
+preferences, and select User Settings.  In the User Settings field
+click Browse and navigate to the Spring Cloud project you imported
+selecting the <code class="literal">.settings.xml</code> file in that project.  Click Apply and
+then OK to save the preference changes.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Alternatively you can copy the repository settings from <a class="link" href="https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-build/blob/master/.settings.xml" target="_top"><code class="literal">.settings.xml</code></a> into your own <code class="literal">~/.m2/settings.xml</code>.</p></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="_importing_into_eclipse_without_m2eclipse" href="#_importing_into_eclipse_without_m2eclipse"></a>A.3.2&nbsp;Importing into eclipse without m2eclipse</h3></div></div></div><p>If you prefer not to use m2eclipse you can generate eclipse project metadata using the
+following command:</p><pre class="screen">$ ./mvnw eclipse:eclipse</pre><p>The generated eclipse projects can be imported by selecting <code class="literal">import existing projects</code>
+from the <code class="literal">file</code> menu.</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__appendices.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="multi__appendices.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi_contributing.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Part&nbsp;II.&nbsp;Appendices&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;Appendix&nbsp;B.&nbsp;Contributing</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi_contributing.html
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi_contributing.html
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<html><head>
+      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
+   <title>Appendix&nbsp;B.&nbsp;Contributing</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/manual-multipage.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="multi__appendices.html" title="Part&nbsp;II.&nbsp;Appendices"><link rel="prev" href="multi_building.html" title="Appendix&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Building"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Appendix&nbsp;B.&nbsp;Contributing</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi_building.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part&nbsp;II.&nbsp;Appendices</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;</td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="appendix"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="contributing" href="#contributing"></a>Appendix&nbsp;B.&nbsp;Contributing</h2></div></div></div><p>Spring Cloud is released under the non-restrictive Apache 2.0 license,
+and follows a very standard Github development process, using Github
+tracker for issues and merging pull requests into master. If you want
+to contribute even something trivial please do not hesitate, but
+follow the guidelines below.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_sign_the_contributor_license_agreement" href="#_sign_the_contributor_license_agreement"></a>B.1&nbsp;Sign the Contributor License Agreement</h2></div></div></div><p>Before we accept a non-trivial patch or pull request we will need you to sign the
+<a class="link" href="https://support.springsource.com/spring_committer_signup" target="_top">contributor&#8217;s agreement</a>.
+Signing the contributor&#8217;s agreement does not grant anyone commit rights to the main
+repository, but it does mean that we can accept your contributions, and you will get an
+author credit if we do.  Active contributors might be asked to join the core team, and
+given the ability to merge pull requests.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_code_conventions_and_housekeeping" href="#_code_conventions_and_housekeeping"></a>B.2&nbsp;Code Conventions and Housekeeping</h2></div></div></div><p>None of these is essential for a pull request, but they will all help.  They can also be
+added after the original pull request but before a merge.</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem">Use the Spring Framework code format conventions. If you use Eclipse
+you can import formatter settings using the
+<code class="literal">eclipse-code-formatter.xml</code> file from the
+<a class="link" href="https://github.com/spring-cloud/build/tree/master/eclipse-coding-conventions.xml" target="_top">Spring
+Cloud Build</a> project. If using IntelliJ, you can use the
+<a class="link" href="https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/6546" target="_top">Eclipse Code Formatter
+Plugin</a> to import the same file.</li><li class="listitem">Make sure all new <code class="literal">.java</code> files to have a simple Javadoc class comment with at least an
+<code class="literal">@author</code> tag identifying you, and preferably at least a paragraph on what the class is
+for.</li><li class="listitem">Add the ASF license header comment to all new <code class="literal">.java</code> files (copy from existing files
+in the project)</li><li class="listitem">Add yourself as an <code class="literal">@author</code> to the .java files that you modify substantially (more
+than cosmetic changes).</li><li class="listitem">Add some Javadocs and, if you change the namespace, some XSD doc elements.</li><li class="listitem">A few unit tests would help a lot as well&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;someone has to do it.</li><li class="listitem">If no-one else is using your branch, please rebase it against the current master (or
+other target branch in the main project).</li><li class="listitem">When writing a commit message please follow <a class="link" href="https://tbaggery.com/2008/04/19/a-note-about-git-commit-messages.html" target="_top">these conventions</a>,
+if you are fixing an existing issue please add <code class="literal">Fixes gh-XXXX</code> at the end of the commit
+message (where XXXX is the issue number).</li></ul></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi_building.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="multi__appendices.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Building&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi_rabbit-dlq-processing.html
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi_rabbit-dlq-processing.html
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+<html><head>
+      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
+   <title>6.&nbsp;Dead-Letter Queue Processing</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/manual-multipage.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="multi__reference_guide.html" title="Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide"><link rel="prev" href="multi_rabbit-error-channels.html" title="5.&nbsp;Error Channels"><link rel="next" href="multi__partitioning_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html" title="7.&nbsp;Partitioning with the RabbitMQ Binder"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">6.&nbsp;Dead-Letter Queue Processing</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi_rabbit-error-channels.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi__partitioning_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="rabbit-dlq-processing" href="#rabbit-dlq-processing"></a>6.&nbsp;Dead-Letter Queue Processing</h2></div></div></div><p>Because you cannot anticipate how users would want to dispose of dead-lettered messages, the framework does not provide any standard mechanism to handle them.
+If the reason for the dead-lettering is transient, you may wish to route the messages back to the original queue.
+However, if the problem is a permanent issue, that could cause an infinite loop.
+The following Spring Boot application shows an example of how to route those messages back to the original queue but moves them to a third <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">parking lot</span>&#8221;</span> queue after three attempts.
+The second example uses the <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/blog/2015/04/16/scheduling-messages-with-rabbitmq/" target="_top">RabbitMQ Delayed Message Exchange</a> to introduce a delay to the re-queued message.
+In this example, the delay increases for each attempt.
+These examples use a <code class="literal">@RabbitListener</code> to receive messages from the DLQ.
+You could also use <code class="literal">RabbitTemplate.receive()</code> in a batch process.</p><p>The examples assume the original destination is <code class="literal">so8400in</code> and the consumer group is <code class="literal">so8400</code>.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_non_partitioned_destinations" href="#_non_partitioned_destinations"></a>6.1&nbsp;Non-Partitioned Destinations</h2></div></div></div><p>The first two examples are for when the destination is <span class="strong"><strong>not</strong></span> partitioned:</p><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> ReRouteDlqApplication {
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String ORIGINAL_QUEUE = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"so8400in.so8400"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String DLQ = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".dlq"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String PARKING_LOT = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".parkingLot"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_RETRIES_HEADER = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"x-retries"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">throws</span> Exception {
+        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(ReRouteDlqApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>, args);
+        System.out.println(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"Hit enter to terminate"</span>);
+        System.in.read();
+        context.close();
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Autowired</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@RabbitListener(queues = DLQ)</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> rePublish(Message failedMessage) {
+        Integer retriesHeader = (Integer) failedMessage.getMessageProperties().getHeaders().get(X_RETRIES_HEADER);
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader == null) {
+            retriesHeader = Integer.valueOf(<span class="hl-number">0</span>);
+        }
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader &lt; <span class="hl-number">3</span>) {
+            failedMessage.getMessageProperties().getHeaders().put(X_RETRIES_HEADER, retriesHeader + <span class="hl-number">1</span>);
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(ORIGINAL_QUEUE, failedMessage);
+        }
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">else</span> {
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(PARKING_LOT, failedMessage);
+        }
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Bean</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> Queue parkingLot() {
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> Queue(PARKING_LOT);
+    }
+
+}</pre><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> ReRouteDlqApplication {
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String ORIGINAL_QUEUE = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"so8400in.so8400"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String DLQ = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".dlq"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String PARKING_LOT = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".parkingLot"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_RETRIES_HEADER = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"x-retries"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String DELAY_EXCHANGE = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"dlqReRouter"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">throws</span> Exception {
+        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(ReRouteDlqApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>, args);
+        System.out.println(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"Hit enter to terminate"</span>);
+        System.in.read();
+        context.close();
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Autowired</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@RabbitListener(queues = DLQ)</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> rePublish(Message failedMessage) {
+        Map&lt;String, Object&gt; headers = failedMessage.getMessageProperties().getHeaders();
+        Integer retriesHeader = (Integer) headers.get(X_RETRIES_HEADER);
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader == null) {
+            retriesHeader = Integer.valueOf(<span class="hl-number">0</span>);
+        }
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader &lt; <span class="hl-number">3</span>) {
+            headers.put(X_RETRIES_HEADER, retriesHeader + <span class="hl-number">1</span>);
+            headers.put(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"x-delay"</span>, <span class="hl-number">5000</span> * retriesHeader);
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(DELAY_EXCHANGE, ORIGINAL_QUEUE, failedMessage);
+        }
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">else</span> {
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(PARKING_LOT, failedMessage);
+        }
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Bean</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> DirectExchange delayExchange() {
+        DirectExchange exchange = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> DirectExchange(DELAY_EXCHANGE);
+        exchange.setDelayed(true);
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> exchange;
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Bean</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> Binding bindOriginalToDelay() {
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> BindingBuilder.bind(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> Queue(ORIGINAL_QUEUE)).to(delayExchange()).with(ORIGINAL_QUEUE);
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Bean</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> Queue parkingLot() {
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> Queue(PARKING_LOT);
+    }
+
+}</pre></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_partitioned_destinations" href="#_partitioned_destinations"></a>6.2&nbsp;Partitioned Destinations</h2></div></div></div><p>With partitioned destinations, there is one DLQ for all partitions. We determine the original queue from the headers.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="_republishtodlqfalse" href="#_republishtodlqfalse"></a>6.2.1&nbsp;<code class="literal">republishToDlq=false</code></h3></div></div></div><p>When <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> is <code class="literal">false</code>, RabbitMQ publishes the message to the DLX/DLQ with an <code class="literal">x-death</code> header containing information about the original destination, as shown in the following example:</p><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> ReRouteDlqApplication {
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String ORIGINAL_QUEUE = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"so8400in.so8400"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String DLQ = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".dlq"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String PARKING_LOT = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".parkingLot"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_DEATH_HEADER = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"x-death"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_RETRIES_HEADER = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"x-retries"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">throws</span> Exception {
+		ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(ReRouteDlqApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>, args);
+		System.out.println(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"Hit enter to terminate"</span>);
+		System.in.read();
+		context.close();
+	}
+
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Autowired</span></em>
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
+
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")</span></em>
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@RabbitListener(queues = DLQ)</span></em>
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> rePublish(Message failedMessage) {
+		Map&lt;String, Object&gt; headers = failedMessage.getMessageProperties().getHeaders();
+		Integer retriesHeader = (Integer) headers.get(X_RETRIES_HEADER);
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader == null) {
+			retriesHeader = Integer.valueOf(<span class="hl-number">0</span>);
+		}
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader &lt; <span class="hl-number">3</span>) {
+			headers.put(X_RETRIES_HEADER, retriesHeader + <span class="hl-number">1</span>);
+			List&lt;Map&lt;String, ?&gt;&gt; xDeath = (List&lt;Map&lt;String, ?&gt;&gt;) headers.get(X_DEATH_HEADER);
+			String exchange = (String) xDeath.get(<span class="hl-number">0</span>).get(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"exchange"</span>);
+			List&lt;String&gt; routingKeys = (List&lt;String&gt;) xDeath.get(<span class="hl-number">0</span>).get(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"routing-keys"</span>);
+			<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(exchange, routingKeys.get(<span class="hl-number">0</span>), failedMessage);
+		}
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">else</span> {
+			<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(PARKING_LOT, failedMessage);
+		}
+	}
+
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Bean</span></em>
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> Queue parkingLot() {
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> Queue(PARKING_LOT);
+	}
+
+}</pre></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="_republishtodlqtrue" href="#_republishtodlqtrue"></a>6.2.2&nbsp;<code class="literal">republishToDlq=true</code></h3></div></div></div><p>When <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>, the republishing recoverer adds the original exchange and routing key to headers, as shown in the following example:</p><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> ReRouteDlqApplication {
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String ORIGINAL_QUEUE = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"so8400in.so8400"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String DLQ = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".dlq"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String PARKING_LOT = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".parkingLot"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_RETRIES_HEADER = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"x-retries"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_ORIGINAL_EXCHANGE_HEADER = RepublishMessageRecoverer.X_ORIGINAL_EXCHANGE;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_ORIGINAL_ROUTING_KEY_HEADER = RepublishMessageRecoverer.X_ORIGINAL_ROUTING_KEY;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">throws</span> Exception {
+		ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(ReRouteDlqApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>, args);
+		System.out.println(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"Hit enter to terminate"</span>);
+		System.in.read();
+		context.close();
+	}
+
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Autowired</span></em>
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
+
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@RabbitListener(queues = DLQ)</span></em>
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> rePublish(Message failedMessage) {
+		Map&lt;String, Object&gt; headers = failedMessage.getMessageProperties().getHeaders();
+		Integer retriesHeader = (Integer) headers.get(X_RETRIES_HEADER);
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader == null) {
+			retriesHeader = Integer.valueOf(<span class="hl-number">0</span>);
+		}
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader &lt; <span class="hl-number">3</span>) {
+			headers.put(X_RETRIES_HEADER, retriesHeader + <span class="hl-number">1</span>);
+			String exchange = (String) headers.get(X_ORIGINAL_EXCHANGE_HEADER);
+			String originalRoutingKey = (String) headers.get(X_ORIGINAL_ROUTING_KEY_HEADER);
+			<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(exchange, originalRoutingKey, failedMessage);
+		}
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">else</span> {
+			<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(PARKING_LOT, failedMessage);
+		}
+	}
+
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Bean</span></em>
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> Queue parkingLot() {
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> Queue(PARKING_LOT);
+	}
+
+}</pre></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi_rabbit-error-channels.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="multi__reference_guide.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi__partitioning_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">5.&nbsp;Error Channels&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;7.&nbsp;Partitioning with the RabbitMQ Binder</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi_rabbit-error-channels.html
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi_rabbit-error-channels.html
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<html><head>
+      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
+   <title>5.&nbsp;Error Channels</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/manual-multipage.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html" title="Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="multi__reference_guide.html" title="Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide"><link rel="prev" href="multi__retry_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html" title="4.&nbsp;Retry With the RabbitMQ Binder"><link rel="next" href="multi_rabbit-dlq-processing.html" title="6.&nbsp;Dead-Letter Queue Processing"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">5.&nbsp;Error Channels</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__retry_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi_rabbit-dlq-processing.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="rabbit-error-channels" href="#rabbit-error-channels"></a>5.&nbsp;Error Channels</h2></div></div></div><p>Starting with version 1.3, the binder unconditionally sends exceptions to an error channel for each consumer destination and can also be configured to send async producer send failures to an error channel.
+See <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote"><a class="xref" href="">???</a></span>&#8221;</span> for more information.</p><p>RabbitMQ has two types of send failures:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem">Returned messages,</li><li class="listitem">Negatively acknowledged <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/confirms.html" target="_top">Publisher Confirms</a>.</li></ul></div><p>The latter is rare.
+According to the RabbitMQ documentation "[A nack] will only be delivered if an internal error occurs in the Erlang process responsible for a queue.".</p><p>As well as enabling producer error channels (as described in <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote"><a class="xref" href="">???</a></span>&#8221;</span>), the RabbitMQ binder only sends messages to the channels if the connection factory is appropriately configured, as follows:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">ccf.setPublisherConfirms(true);</code></li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">ccf.setPublisherReturns(true);</code></li></ul></div><p>When using Spring Boot configuration for the connection factory, set the following properties:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms</code></li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns</code></li></ul></div><p>The payload of the <code class="literal">ErrorMessage</code> for a returned message is a <code class="literal">ReturnedAmqpMessageException</code> with the following properties:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">failedMessage</code>: The spring-messaging <code class="literal">Message&lt;?&gt;</code> that failed to be sent.</li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">amqpMessage</code>: The raw spring-amqp <code class="literal">Message</code>.</li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">replyCode</code>: An integer value indicating the reason for the failure (for example, 312 - No route).</li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">replyText</code>: A text value indicating the reason for the failure (for example, <code class="literal">NO_ROUTE</code>).</li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">exchange</code>: The exchange to which the message was published.</li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">routingKey</code>: The routing key used when the message was published.</li></ul></div><p>For negatively acknowledged confirmations, the payload is a <code class="literal">NackedAmqpMessageException</code> with the following properties:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">failedMessage</code>: The spring-messaging <code class="literal">Message&lt;?&gt;</code> that failed to be sent.</li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">nackReason</code>: A reason (if available&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;you may need to examine the broker logs for more information).</li></ul></div><p>There is no automatic handling of these exceptions (such as sending to a <a class="link" href="multi_rabbit-dlq-processing.html" title="6.&nbsp;Dead-Letter Queue Processing">dead-letter queue</a>).
+You can consume these exceptions with your own Spring Integration flow.</p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="multi__retry_with_the_rabbitmq_binder.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="multi__reference_guide.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="multi_rabbit-dlq-processing.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">4.&nbsp;Retry With the RabbitMQ Binder&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;6.&nbsp;Dead-Letter Queue Processing</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/multi/multi_spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.html
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/single/css/highlight.css
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/single/css/highlight.css
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
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+   code highlight CSS resemblign the Eclipse IDE default color schema
+   @author Costin Leau
+*/
+
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+    font-weight: bold;
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--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/single/css/manual-multipage.css
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/single/css/manual-multipage.css
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
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+
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+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/single/css/manual-singlepage.css
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+@IMPORT url("manual.css");
+
+body {
+    background: url("../images/background.png") no-repeat center top;
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+
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/single/css/manual.css
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/single/css/manual.css
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+<html><head>
+      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
+   <title>Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/manual-singlepage.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div lang="en" class="book"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="d0e3"></a>Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Binder Reference Guide</h1></div><div><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="author"><span class="firstname">Sabby Anandan, Marius Bogoevici, Eric Bottard, Mark Fisher, Ilayaperumal Gopinathan, Gunnar Hillert, Mark Pollack, Patrick Peralta, Glenn Renfro, Thomas Risberg, Dave Syer, David Turanski, Janne Valkealahti, Benjamin Klein, Gary Russell, Jay Bryant</span></span></div></div><hr></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="part"><a href="#_reference_guide">I. Reference Guide</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_usage">1. Usage</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_rabbitmq_binder_overview">2. RabbitMQ Binder Overview</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_configuration_options">3. Configuration Options</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#rabbit-binder-properties">3.1. RabbitMQ Binder Properties</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_rabbitmq_consumer_properties">3.2. RabbitMQ Consumer Properties</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_advanced_listener_container_configuration">3.3. Advanced Listener Container Configuration</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_rabbit_producer_properties">3.4. Rabbit Producer Properties</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_retry_with_the_rabbitmq_binder">4. Retry With the RabbitMQ Binder</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_putting_it_all_together">4.1. Putting it All Together</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#rabbit-error-channels">5. Error Channels</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#rabbit-dlq-processing">6. Dead-Letter Queue Processing</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_non_partitioned_destinations">6.1. Non-Partitioned Destinations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_partitioned_destinations">6.2. Partitioned Destinations</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_republishtodlqfalse">6.2.1. <code class="literal">republishToDlq=false</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_republishtodlqtrue">6.2.2. <code class="literal">republishToDlq=true</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_partitioning_with_the_rabbitmq_binder">7. Partitioning with the RabbitMQ Binder</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="#_appendices">II. Appendices</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="#building">A. Building</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_basic_compile_and_test">A.1. Basic Compile and Test</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_documentation">A.2. Documentation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_working_with_the_code">A.3. Working with the code</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_importing_into_eclipse_with_m2eclipse">A.3.1. Importing into eclipse with m2eclipse</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_importing_into_eclipse_without_m2eclipse">A.3.2. Importing into eclipse without m2eclipse</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="#contributing">B. Contributing</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_sign_the_contributor_license_agreement">B.1. Sign the Contributor License Agreement</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_code_conventions_and_housekeeping">B.2. Code Conventions and Housekeeping</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="part"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="_reference_guide" href="#_reference_guide"></a>Part&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Reference Guide</h1></div></div></div><div class="partintro"><div></div><p>This guide describes the RabbitMQ implementation of the Spring Cloud Stream Binder.
+It contains information about its design, usage and configuration options, as well as information on how the Stream Cloud Stream concepts map into RabbitMQ specific constructs.</p></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="_usage" href="#_usage"></a>1.&nbsp;Usage</h2></div></div></div><p>To use the RabbitMQ binder, you can add it to your Spring Cloud Stream application, by using the following Maven coordinates:</p><pre class="programlisting"><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
+  <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.springframework.cloud<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
+  <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span></pre><p>Alternatively, you can use the Spring Cloud Stream RabbitMQ Starter, as follows:</p><pre class="programlisting"><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
+  <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.springframework.cloud<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
+  <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-tag">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span></pre></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="_rabbitmq_binder_overview" href="#_rabbitmq_binder_overview"></a>2.&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Overview</h2></div></div></div><p>The following simplified diagram shows how the RabbitMQ binder operates:</p><div class="figure"><a name="d0e39" href="#d0e39"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure&nbsp;2.1.&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="https://raw.github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/master/docs/src/main/asciidoc/images/rabbit-binder.png" alt="rabbit binder"></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><p>By default, the RabbitMQ Binder implementation maps each destination to a <code class="literal">TopicExchange</code>.
+For each consumer group, a <code class="literal">Queue</code> is bound to that <code class="literal">TopicExchange</code>.
+Each consumer instance has a corresponding RabbitMQ <code class="literal">Consumer</code> instance for its group&#8217;s <code class="literal">Queue</code>.
+For partitioned producers and consumers, the queues are suffixed with the partition index and use the partition index as the routing key.
+For anonymous consumers (those with no <code class="literal">group</code> property), an auto-delete queue (with a randomized unique name) is used.</p><p>By using the optional <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> option, you can configure the binder to create and configure dead-letter queues (DLQs) (and a dead-letter exchange <code class="literal">DLX</code>, as well as routing infrastructure).
+By default, the dead letter queue has the name of the destination, appended with <code class="literal">.dlq</code>.
+If retry is enabled (<code class="literal">maxAttempts &gt; 1</code>), failed messages are delivered to the DLQ after retries are exhausted.
+If retry is disabled (<code class="literal">maxAttempts = 1</code>), you should set <code class="literal">requeueRejected</code> to <code class="literal">false</code> (the default) so that failed messages are routed to the DLQ, instead of being re-queued.
+In addition, <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> causes the binder to publish a failed message to the DLQ (instead of rejecting it).
+This feature lets additional information (such as the stack trace in the <code class="literal">x-exception-stacktrace</code> header) be added to the message in headers.
+See the <a class="link" href="#spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-frame-max-headroom"><code class="literal">frameMaxHeadroom</code> property</a> for information about truncated stack traces.
+This option does not need retry enabled.
+You can republish a failed message after just one attempt.
+Starting with version 1.2, you can configure the delivery mode of republished messages.
+See the <a class="link" href="#spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-republish-delivery-mode"><code class="literal">republishDeliveryMode</code> property</a>.</p><p>If the stream listener throws an <code class="literal">ImmediateAcknowledgeAmqpException</code>, the DLQ is bypassed and the message simply discarded.
+Starting with version 2.1, this is true regardless of the setting of <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code>; previously it was only the case when <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> was <code class="literal">false</code>.</p><div class="important" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Important"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Important]" src="images/important.png"></td><th align="left">Important</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Setting <code class="literal">requeueRejected</code> to <code class="literal">true</code> (with <code class="literal">republishToDlq=false</code> ) causes the message to be re-queued and redelivered continually, which is likely not what you want unless the reason for the failure is transient.
+In general, you should enable retry within the binder by setting <code class="literal">maxAttempts</code> to greater than one or by setting <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> to <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></td></tr></table></div><p>See <a class="xref" href="#rabbit-binder-properties" title="3.1&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Properties">Section&nbsp;3.1, &#8220;RabbitMQ Binder Properties&#8221;</a> for more information about these properties.</p><p>The framework does not provide any standard mechanism to consume dead-letter messages (or to re-route them back to the primary queue).
+Some options are described in <a class="xref" href="#rabbit-dlq-processing" title="6.&nbsp;Dead-Letter Queue Processing">Chapter&nbsp;6, <i>Dead-Letter Queue Processing</i></a>.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>When multiple RabbitMQ binders are used in a Spring Cloud Stream application, it is important to disable 'RabbitAutoConfiguration' to avoid the same configuration from <code class="literal">RabbitAutoConfiguration</code> being applied to the two binders.
+You can exclude the class by using the <code class="literal">@SpringBootApplication</code> annotation.</p></td></tr></table></div><p>Starting with version 2.0, the <code class="literal">RabbitMessageChannelBinder</code> sets the <code class="literal">RabbitTemplate.userPublisherConnection</code> property to <code class="literal">true</code> so that the non-transactional producers avoid deadlocks on consumers, which can happen if cached connections are blocked because of a <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/memory.html" target="_top">memory alarm</a> on the broker.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Currently, a <code class="literal">multiplex</code> consumer (a single consumer listening to multiple queues) is only supported for message-driven conssumers; polled consumers can only retrieve messages from a single queue.</p></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="_configuration_options" href="#_configuration_options"></a>3.&nbsp;Configuration Options</h2></div></div></div><p>This section contains settings specific to the RabbitMQ Binder and bound channels.</p><p>For general binding configuration options and properties, see the <a class="link" href="https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-stream/blob/master/spring-cloud-stream-core-docs/src/main/asciidoc/spring-cloud-stream-overview.adoc#configuration-options" target="_top">Spring Cloud Stream core documentation</a>.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="rabbit-binder-properties" href="#rabbit-binder-properties"></a>3.1&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Properties</h2></div></div></div><p>By default, the RabbitMQ binder uses Spring Boot&#8217;s <code class="literal">ConnectionFactory</code>.
+Conseuqently, it supports all Spring Boot configuration options for RabbitMQ.
+(For reference, see the <a class="link" href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/htmlsingle/#common-application-properties" target="_top">Spring Boot documentation</a>).
+RabbitMQ configuration options use the <code class="literal">spring.rabbitmq</code> prefix.</p><p>In addition to Spring Boot options, the RabbitMQ binder supports the following properties:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.binder.adminAddresses</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A comma-separated list of RabbitMQ management plugin URLs.
+Only used when <code class="literal">nodes</code> contains more than one entry.
+Each entry in this list must have a corresponding entry in <code class="literal">spring.rabbitmq.addresses</code>.
+Only needed if you use a RabbitMQ cluster and wish to consume from the node that hosts the queue.
+See <a class="link" href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-amqp/reference/html/_reference.html#queue-affinity" target="_top">Queue Affinity and the LocalizedQueueConnectionFactory</a> for more information.</p><p class="simpara">Default: empty.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.binder.nodes</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A comma-separated list of RabbitMQ node names.
+When more than one entry, used to locate the server address where a queue is located.
+Each entry in this list must have a corresponding entry in <code class="literal">spring.rabbitmq.addresses</code>.
+Only needed if you use a RabbitMQ cluster and wish to consume from the node that hosts the queue.
+See <a class="link" href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-amqp/reference/html/_reference.html#queue-affinity" target="_top">Queue Affinity and the LocalizedQueueConnectionFactory</a> for more information.</p><p class="simpara">Default: empty.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.binder.compressionLevel</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The compression level for compressed bindings.
+See <code class="literal">java.util.zip.Deflater</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">1</code> (BEST_LEVEL).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">spring.cloud.stream.binder.connection-name-prefix</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A connection name prefix used to name the connection(s) created by this binder.
+The name is this prefix followed by <code class="literal">#n</code>, where <code class="literal">n</code> increments each time a new connection is opened.</p><p class="simpara">Default: none (Spring AMQP default).</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_rabbitmq_consumer_properties" href="#_rabbitmq_consumer_properties"></a>3.2&nbsp;RabbitMQ Consumer Properties</h2></div></div></div><p>The following properties are available for Rabbit consumers only and must be prefixed with <code class="literal">spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.&lt;channelName&gt;.consumer.</code>.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">acknowledgeMode</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The acknowledge mode.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">AUTO</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">anonymousGroupPrefix</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When the binding has no <code class="literal">group</code> property, an anonymous, auto-delete queue is bound to the destination exchange.
+The default naming stragegy for such queues results in a queue named <code class="literal">anonymous.&lt;base64 representation of a UUID&gt;</code>.
+Set this property to change the prefix to something other than the default.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">anonymous.</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">autoBindDlq</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to automatically declare the DLQ and bind it to the binder DLX.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">bindingRoutingKey</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The routing key with which to bind the queue to the exchange (if <code class="literal">bindQueue</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>).
+For partitioned destinations, <code class="literal">-&lt;instanceIndex&gt;</code> is appended.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">#</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">bindQueue</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the queue and bind it to the destination exchange.
+Set it to <code class="literal">false</code> if you have set up your own infrastructure and have previously created and bound the queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">consumerTagPrefix</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Used to create the consumer tag(s); will be appended by <code class="literal">#n</code> where <code class="literal">n</code> increments for each consumer created.
+Example: <code class="literal">${spring.application.name}-${spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input.group}-${spring.cloud.stream.instance-index}</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: none - the broker will generate random consumer tags.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">containerType</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Select the type of listener container to be used.
+See <a class="link" href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-amqp/reference/html/_reference.html#choose-container" target="_top">Choosing a Container</a> in the Spring AMQP documentation for more information.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">simple</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterQueueName</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The name of the DLQ</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">prefix+destination.dlq</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A DLX to assign to the queue.
+Relevant only if <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: 'prefix+DLX'</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterExchangeType</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The type of the DLX to assign to the queue.
+Relevant only if <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: 'direct'</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterRoutingKey</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A dead letter routing key to assign to the queue.
+Relevant only if <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">destination</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">declareDlx</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the dead letter exchange for the destination.
+Relevant only if <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Set to <code class="literal">false</code> if you have a pre-configured DLX.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">declareExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the exchange for the destination.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">delayedExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the exchange as a <code class="literal">Delayed Message Exchange</code>.
+Requires the delayed message exchange plugin on the broker.
+The <code class="literal">x-delayed-type</code> argument is set to the <code class="literal">exchangeType</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqDeadLetterExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">If a DLQ is declared, a DLX to assign to that queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqDeadLetterRoutingKey</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">If a DLQ is declared, a dead letter routing key to assign to that queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqExpires</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">How long before an unused dead letter queue is deleted (in milliseconds).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no expiration</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqLazy</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Declare the dead letter queue with the <code class="literal">x-queue-mode=lazy</code> argument.
+See <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/lazy-queues.html" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Lazy Queues</span>&#8221;</span></a>.
+Consider using a policy instead of this setting, because using a policy allows changing the setting without deleting the queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqMaxLength</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum number of messages in the dead letter queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqMaxLengthBytes</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum number of total bytes in the dead letter queue from all messages.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqMaxPriority</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum priority of messages in the dead letter queue (0-255).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqOverflowBehavior</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Action to take when <code class="literal">dlqMaxLength</code> or <code class="literal">dlqMaxLengthBytes</code> is exceeded; currently <code class="literal">drop-head</code> or <code class="literal">reject-publish</code> but refer to the RabbitMQ documentation.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqTtl</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Default time to live to apply to the dead letter queue when declared (in milliseconds).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">durableSubscription</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether the subscription should be durable.
+Only effective if <code class="literal">group</code> is also set.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">exchangeAutoDelete</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">If <code class="literal">declareExchange</code> is true, whether the exchange should be auto-deleted (that is, removed after the last queue is removed).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">exchangeDurable</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">If <code class="literal">declareExchange</code> is true, whether the exchange should be durable (that is, it survives broker restart).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">exchangeType</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The exchange type: <code class="literal">direct</code>, <code class="literal">fanout</code> or <code class="literal">topic</code> for non-partitioned destinations and <code class="literal">direct</code> or <code class="literal">topic</code> for partitioned destinations.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">topic</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">exclusive</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to create an exclusive consumer.
+Concurrency should be 1 when this is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Often used when strict ordering is required but enabling a hot standby instance to take over after a failure.
+See <code class="literal">recoveryInterval</code>, which controls how often a standby instance attempts to consume.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">expires</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">How long before an unused queue is deleted (in milliseconds).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no expiration</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">failedDeclarationRetryInterval</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The interval (in milliseconds) between attempts to consume from a queue if it is missing.</p><p class="simpara">Default: 5000</p></dd></dl></div><div class="variablelist"><a name="spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-frame-max-headroom" href="#spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-frame-max-headroom"></a><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">frameMaxHeadroom</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The number of bytes to reserve for other headers when adding the stack trace to a DLQ message header.
+All headers must fit within the <code class="literal">frame_max</code> size configured on the broker.
+Stack traces can be large; if the size plus this property exceeds <code class="literal">frame_max</code> then the stack trace will be truncated.
+A WARN log will be written; consider increasing the <code class="literal">frame_max</code> or reducing the stack trace by catching the exception and throwing one with a smaller stack trace.</p><p class="simpara">Default: 20000</p></dd><dt><span class="term">headerPatterns</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Patterns for headers to be mapped from inbound messages.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">['*']</code> (all headers).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lazy</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Declare the queue with the <code class="literal">x-queue-mode=lazy</code> argument.
+See <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/lazy-queues.html" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Lazy Queues</span>&#8221;</span></a>.
+Consider using a policy instead of this setting, because using a policy allows changing the setting without deleting the queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxConcurrency</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The maximum number of consumers.
+Not supported when the <code class="literal">containerType</code> is <code class="literal">direct</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">1</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxLength</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The maximum number of messages in the queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxLengthBytes</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The maximum number of total bytes in the queue from all messages.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxPriority</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The maximum priority of messages in the queue (0-255).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">missingQueuesFatal</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When the queue cannot be found, whether to treat the condition as fatal and stop the listener container.
+Defaults to <code class="literal">false</code> so that the container keeps trying to consume from the queue&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;for example, when using a cluster and the node hosting a non-HA queue is down.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">overflowBehavior</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Action to take when <code class="literal">maxLength</code> or <code class="literal">maxLengthBytes</code> is exceeded; currently <code class="literal">drop-head</code> or <code class="literal">reject-publish</code> but refer to the RabbitMQ documentation.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">prefetch</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Prefetch count.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">1</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">prefix</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A prefix to be added to the name of the <code class="literal">destination</code> and queues.</p><p class="simpara">Default: "".</p></dd><dt><span class="term">queueDeclarationRetries</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The number of times to retry consuming from a queue if it is missing.
+Relevant only when <code class="literal">missingQueuesFatal</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Otherwise, the container keeps retrying indefinitely.
+Not supported when the <code class="literal">containerType</code> is <code class="literal">direct</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">3</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">queueNameGroupOnly</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When true, consume from a queue with a name equal to the <code class="literal">group</code>.
+Otherwise the queue name is <code class="literal">destination.group</code>.
+This is useful, for example, when using Spring Cloud Stream to consume from an existing RabbitMQ queue.</p><p class="simpara">Default: false.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">recoveryInterval</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The interval between connection recovery attempts, in milliseconds.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">5000</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">requeueRejected</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether delivery failures should be re-queued when retry is disabled or <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> is <code class="literal">false</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd></dl></div><div class="variablelist"><a name="spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-republish-delivery-mode" href="#spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-republish-delivery-mode"></a><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">republishDeliveryMode</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>, specifies the delivery mode of the republished message.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">DeliveryMode.PERSISTENT</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">republishToDlq</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">By default, messages that fail after retries are exhausted are rejected.
+If a dead-letter queue (DLQ) is configured, RabbitMQ routes the failed message (unchanged) to the DLQ.
+If set to <code class="literal">true</code>, the binder republishs failed messages to the DLQ with additional headers, including the exception message and stack trace from the cause of the final failure.
+Also see the <a class="link" href="#spring-cloud-stream-rabbit-frame-max-headroom">frameMaxHeadroom property</a>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: false</p></dd><dt><span class="term">transacted</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to use transacted channels.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">ttl</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Default time to live to apply to the queue when declared (in milliseconds).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">txSize</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The number of deliveries between acks.
+Not supported when the <code class="literal">containerType</code> is <code class="literal">direct</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">1</code>.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_advanced_listener_container_configuration" href="#_advanced_listener_container_configuration"></a>3.3&nbsp;Advanced Listener Container Configuration</h2></div></div></div><p>To set listener container properties that are not exposed as binder or binding properties, add a single bean of type <code class="literal">ListenerContainerCustomizer</code> to the application context.
+The binder and binding properties will be set and then the customizer will be called.
+The customizer (<code class="literal">configure()</code> method) is provided with the queue name as well as the consumer group as arguments.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_rabbit_producer_properties" href="#_rabbit_producer_properties"></a>3.4&nbsp;Rabbit Producer Properties</h2></div></div></div><p>The following properties are available for Rabbit producers only and
+must be prefixed with <code class="literal">spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.&lt;channelName&gt;.producer.</code>.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">autoBindDlq</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to automatically declare the DLQ and bind it to the binder DLX.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">batchingEnabled</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to enable message batching by producers.
+Messages are batched into one message according to the following properties (described in the next three entries in this list): 'batchSize', <code class="literal">batchBufferLimit</code>, and <code class="literal">batchTimeout</code>.
+See <a class="link" href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-amqp//reference/html/_reference.html#template-batching" target="_top">Batching</a> for more information.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">batchSize</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The number of messages to buffer when batching is enabled.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">100</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">batchBufferLimit</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The maximum buffer size when batching is enabled.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">10000</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">batchTimeout</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The batch timeout when batching is enabled.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">5000</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">bindingRoutingKey</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The routing key with which to bind the queue to the exchange (if <code class="literal">bindQueue</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>).
+Only applies to non-partitioned destinations.
+Only applies if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">#</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">bindQueue</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the queue and bind it to the destination exchange.
+Set it to <code class="literal">false</code> if you have set up your own infrastructure and have previously created and bound the queue.
+Only applies if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">compress</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether data should be compressed when sent.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">confirmAckChannel</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When <code class="literal">errorChannelEnabled</code> is true, a channel to which to send positive delivery acknowledgments (aka publisher confirms).
+If the channel does not exist, a <code class="literal">DirectChannel</code> is registered with this name.
+The connection factory must be configured to enable publisher confirms.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">nullChannel</code> (acks are discarded).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterQueueName</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The name of the DLQ
+Only applies if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">prefix+destination.dlq</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A DLX to assign to the queue.
+Relevant only when <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: 'prefix+DLX'</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterExchangeType</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The type of the DLX to assign to the queue.
+Relevant only if <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: 'direct'</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deadLetterRoutingKey</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A dead letter routing key to assign to the queue.
+Relevant only when <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">destination</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">declareDlx</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the dead letter exchange for the destination.
+Relevant only if <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>.
+Set to <code class="literal">false</code> if you have a pre-configured DLX.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">declareExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the exchange for the destination.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">delayExpression</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A SpEL expression to evaluate the delay to apply to the message (<code class="literal">x-delay</code> header).
+It has no effect if the exchange is not a delayed message exchange.</p><p class="simpara">Default: No <code class="literal">x-delay</code> header is set.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">delayedExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to declare the exchange as a <code class="literal">Delayed Message Exchange</code>.
+Requires the delayed message exchange plugin on the broker.
+The <code class="literal">x-delayed-type</code> argument is set to the <code class="literal">exchangeType</code>.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deliveryMode</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The delivery mode.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">PERSISTENT</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqDeadLetterExchange</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When a DLQ is declared, a DLX to assign to that queue.
+Applies only if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqDeadLetterRoutingKey</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When a DLQ is declared, a dead letter routing key to assign to that queue.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqExpires</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">How long (in milliseconds) before an unused dead letter queue is deleted.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no expiration</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqLazy</span></dt><dd>Declare the dead letter queue with the <code class="literal">x-queue-mode=lazy</code> argument.
+See <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/lazy-queues.html" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Lazy Queues</span>&#8221;</span></a>.
+Consider using a policy instead of this setting, because using a policy allows changing the setting without deleting the queue.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</dd><dt><span class="term">dlqMaxLength</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum number of messages in the dead letter queue.
+Applies only if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqMaxLengthBytes</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum number of total bytes in the dead letter queue from all messages.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqMaxPriority</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum priority of messages in the dead letter queue (0-255)
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">dlqTtl</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Default time (in milliseconds) to live to apply to the dead letter queue when declared.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">exchangeAutoDelete</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">If <code class="literal">declareExchange</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>, whether the exchange should be auto-delete (it is removed after the last queue is removed).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">exchangeDurable</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">If <code class="literal">declareExchange</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>, whether the exchange should be durable (survives broker restart).</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">true</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">exchangeType</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">The exchange type: <code class="literal">direct</code>, <code class="literal">fanout</code> or <code class="literal">topic</code> for non-partitioned destinations and <code class="literal">direct</code> or <code class="literal">topic</code> for partitioned destinations.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">topic</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">expires</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">How long (in milliseconds) before an unused queue is deleted.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no expiration</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">headerPatterns</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Patterns for headers to be mapped to outbound messages.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">['*']</code> (all headers).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lazy</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Declare the queue with the <code class="literal">x-queue-mode=lazy</code> argument.
+See <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/lazy-queues.html" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Lazy Queues</span>&#8221;</span></a>.
+Consider using a policy instead of this setting, because using a policy allows changing the setting without deleting the queue.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxLength</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum number of messages in the queue.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxLengthBytes</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum number of total bytes in the queue from all messages.
+Only applies if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">maxPriority</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Maximum priority of messages in the queue (0-255).
+Only applies if <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">none</code></p></dd><dt><span class="term">prefix</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A prefix to be added to the name of the <code class="literal">destination</code> exchange.</p><p class="simpara">Default: "".</p></dd><dt><span class="term">queueNameGroupOnly</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">When <code class="literal">true</code>, consume from a queue with a name equal to the <code class="literal">group</code>.
+Otherwise the queue name is <code class="literal">destination.group</code>.
+This is useful, for example, when using Spring Cloud Stream to consume from an existing RabbitMQ queue.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: false.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">routingKeyExpression</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">A SpEL expression to determine the routing key to use when publishing messages.
+For a fixed routing key, use a literal expression, such as <code class="literal">routingKeyExpression='my.routingKey'</code> in a properties file or <code class="literal">routingKeyExpression: '''my.routingKey'''</code> in a YAML file.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">destination</code> or <code class="literal">destination-&lt;partition&gt;</code> for partitioned destinations.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">transacted</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Whether to use transacted channels.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">false</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">ttl</span></dt><dd><p class="simpara">Default time (in milliseconds) to live to apply to the queue when declared.
+Applies only when <code class="literal">requiredGroups</code> are provided and then only to those groups.</p><p class="simpara">Default: <code class="literal">no limit</code></p></dd></dl></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>In the case of RabbitMQ, content type headers can be set by external applications.
+Spring Cloud Stream supports them as part of an extended internal protocol used for any type of transport&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;including transports, such as Kafka (prior to 0.11), that do not natively support headers.</p></td></tr></table></div></div></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="_retry_with_the_rabbitmq_binder" href="#_retry_with_the_rabbitmq_binder"></a>4.&nbsp;Retry With the RabbitMQ Binder</h2></div></div></div><p>When retry is enabled within the binder, the listener container thread is suspended for any back off periods that are configured.
+This might be important when strict ordering is required with a single consumer. However, for other use cases, it prevents other messages from being processed on that thread.
+An alternative to using binder retry is to set up dead lettering with time to live on the dead-letter queue (DLQ) as well as dead-letter configuration on the DLQ itself.
+See <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote"><a class="xref" href="#rabbit-binder-properties" title="3.1&nbsp;RabbitMQ Binder Properties">Section&nbsp;3.1, &#8220;RabbitMQ Binder Properties&#8221;</a></span>&#8221;</span> for more information about the properties discussed here.
+You can use the following example configuration to enable this feature:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem">Set <code class="literal">autoBindDlq</code> to <code class="literal">true</code>.
+The binder create a DLQ.
+Optionally, you can specify a name in <code class="literal">deadLetterQueueName</code>.</li><li class="listitem">Set <code class="literal">dlqTtl</code> to the back off time you want to wait between redeliveries.</li><li class="listitem">Set the <code class="literal">dlqDeadLetterExchange</code> to the default exchange.
+Expired messages from the DLQ are routed to the original queue, because the default <code class="literal">deadLetterRoutingKey</code> is the queue name (<code class="literal">destination.group</code>).
+Setting to the default exchange is achieved by setting the property with no value, as shown in the next example.</li></ul></div><p>To force a message to be dead-lettered, either throw an <code class="literal">AmqpRejectAndDontRequeueException</code> or set <code class="literal">requeueRejected</code> to <code class="literal">true</code> (the default) and throw any exception.</p><p>The loop continue without end, which is fine for transient problems, but you may want to give up after some number of attempts.
+Fortunately, RabbitMQ provides the <code class="literal">x-death</code> header, which lets you determine how many cycles have occurred.</p><p>To acknowledge a message after giving up, throw an <code class="literal">ImmediateAcknowledgeAmqpException</code>.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_putting_it_all_together" href="#_putting_it_all_together"></a>4.1&nbsp;Putting it All Together</h2></div></div></div><p>The following configuration creates an exchange <code class="literal">myDestination</code> with queue <code class="literal">myDestination.consumerGroup</code> bound to a topic exchange with a wildcard routing key <code class="literal">#</code>:</p><pre class="screen">---
+spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input.destination=myDestination
+spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input.group=consumerGroup
+#disable binder retries
+spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input.consumer.max-attempts=1
+#dlx/dlq setup
+spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input.consumer.auto-bind-dlq=true
+spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input.consumer.dlq-ttl=5000
+spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input.consumer.dlq-dead-letter-exchange=
+---</pre><p>This configuration creates a DLQ bound to a direct exchange (<code class="literal">DLX</code>) with a routing key of <code class="literal">myDestination.consumerGroup</code>.
+When messages are rejected, they are routed to the DLQ.
+After 5 seconds, the message expires and is routed to the original queue by using the queue name as the routing key, as shown in the following example:</p><p><b>Spring Boot application.&nbsp;</b>
+</p><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@EnableBinding(Sink.class)</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> XDeathApplication {
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) {
+        SpringApplication.run(XDeathApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>, args);
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@StreamListener(Sink.INPUT)</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> listen(String in, <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Header(name = "x-death", required = false)</span></em> Map&lt;?,?&gt; death) {
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (death != null &amp;&amp; death.get(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"count"</span>).equals(<span class="hl-number">3L</span>)) {
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-comment">// giving up - don't send to DLX</span>
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">throw</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> ImmediateAcknowledgeAmqpException(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"Failed after 4 attempts"</span>);
+        }
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">throw</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> AmqpRejectAndDontRequeueException(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"failed"</span>);
+    }
+
+}</pre><p>
+</p><p>Notice that the count property in the <code class="literal">x-death</code> header is a <code class="literal">Long</code>.</p></div></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="rabbit-error-channels" href="#rabbit-error-channels"></a>5.&nbsp;Error Channels</h2></div></div></div><p>Starting with version 1.3, the binder unconditionally sends exceptions to an error channel for each consumer destination and can also be configured to send async producer send failures to an error channel.
+See <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote"><a class="xref" href="#">???</a></span>&#8221;</span> for more information.</p><p>RabbitMQ has two types of send failures:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem">Returned messages,</li><li class="listitem">Negatively acknowledged <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/confirms.html" target="_top">Publisher Confirms</a>.</li></ul></div><p>The latter is rare.
+According to the RabbitMQ documentation "[A nack] will only be delivered if an internal error occurs in the Erlang process responsible for a queue.".</p><p>As well as enabling producer error channels (as described in <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote"><a class="xref" href="#">???</a></span>&#8221;</span>), the RabbitMQ binder only sends messages to the channels if the connection factory is appropriately configured, as follows:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">ccf.setPublisherConfirms(true);</code></li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">ccf.setPublisherReturns(true);</code></li></ul></div><p>When using Spring Boot configuration for the connection factory, set the following properties:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms</code></li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns</code></li></ul></div><p>The payload of the <code class="literal">ErrorMessage</code> for a returned message is a <code class="literal">ReturnedAmqpMessageException</code> with the following properties:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">failedMessage</code>: The spring-messaging <code class="literal">Message&lt;?&gt;</code> that failed to be sent.</li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">amqpMessage</code>: The raw spring-amqp <code class="literal">Message</code>.</li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">replyCode</code>: An integer value indicating the reason for the failure (for example, 312 - No route).</li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">replyText</code>: A text value indicating the reason for the failure (for example, <code class="literal">NO_ROUTE</code>).</li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">exchange</code>: The exchange to which the message was published.</li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">routingKey</code>: The routing key used when the message was published.</li></ul></div><p>For negatively acknowledged confirmations, the payload is a <code class="literal">NackedAmqpMessageException</code> with the following properties:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">failedMessage</code>: The spring-messaging <code class="literal">Message&lt;?&gt;</code> that failed to be sent.</li><li class="listitem"><code class="literal">nackReason</code>: A reason (if available&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;you may need to examine the broker logs for more information).</li></ul></div><p>There is no automatic handling of these exceptions (such as sending to a <a class="link" href="#rabbit-dlq-processing" title="6.&nbsp;Dead-Letter Queue Processing">dead-letter queue</a>).
+You can consume these exceptions with your own Spring Integration flow.</p></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="rabbit-dlq-processing" href="#rabbit-dlq-processing"></a>6.&nbsp;Dead-Letter Queue Processing</h2></div></div></div><p>Because you cannot anticipate how users would want to dispose of dead-lettered messages, the framework does not provide any standard mechanism to handle them.
+If the reason for the dead-lettering is transient, you may wish to route the messages back to the original queue.
+However, if the problem is a permanent issue, that could cause an infinite loop.
+The following Spring Boot application shows an example of how to route those messages back to the original queue but moves them to a third <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">parking lot</span>&#8221;</span> queue after three attempts.
+The second example uses the <a class="link" href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/blog/2015/04/16/scheduling-messages-with-rabbitmq/" target="_top">RabbitMQ Delayed Message Exchange</a> to introduce a delay to the re-queued message.
+In this example, the delay increases for each attempt.
+These examples use a <code class="literal">@RabbitListener</code> to receive messages from the DLQ.
+You could also use <code class="literal">RabbitTemplate.receive()</code> in a batch process.</p><p>The examples assume the original destination is <code class="literal">so8400in</code> and the consumer group is <code class="literal">so8400</code>.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_non_partitioned_destinations" href="#_non_partitioned_destinations"></a>6.1&nbsp;Non-Partitioned Destinations</h2></div></div></div><p>The first two examples are for when the destination is <span class="strong"><strong>not</strong></span> partitioned:</p><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> ReRouteDlqApplication {
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String ORIGINAL_QUEUE = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"so8400in.so8400"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String DLQ = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".dlq"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String PARKING_LOT = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".parkingLot"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_RETRIES_HEADER = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"x-retries"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">throws</span> Exception {
+        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(ReRouteDlqApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>, args);
+        System.out.println(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"Hit enter to terminate"</span>);
+        System.in.read();
+        context.close();
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Autowired</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@RabbitListener(queues = DLQ)</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> rePublish(Message failedMessage) {
+        Integer retriesHeader = (Integer) failedMessage.getMessageProperties().getHeaders().get(X_RETRIES_HEADER);
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader == null) {
+            retriesHeader = Integer.valueOf(<span class="hl-number">0</span>);
+        }
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader &lt; <span class="hl-number">3</span>) {
+            failedMessage.getMessageProperties().getHeaders().put(X_RETRIES_HEADER, retriesHeader + <span class="hl-number">1</span>);
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(ORIGINAL_QUEUE, failedMessage);
+        }
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">else</span> {
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(PARKING_LOT, failedMessage);
+        }
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Bean</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> Queue parkingLot() {
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> Queue(PARKING_LOT);
+    }
+
+}</pre><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> ReRouteDlqApplication {
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String ORIGINAL_QUEUE = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"so8400in.so8400"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String DLQ = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".dlq"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String PARKING_LOT = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".parkingLot"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_RETRIES_HEADER = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"x-retries"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String DELAY_EXCHANGE = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"dlqReRouter"</span>;
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">throws</span> Exception {
+        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(ReRouteDlqApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>, args);
+        System.out.println(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"Hit enter to terminate"</span>);
+        System.in.read();
+        context.close();
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Autowired</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@RabbitListener(queues = DLQ)</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> rePublish(Message failedMessage) {
+        Map&lt;String, Object&gt; headers = failedMessage.getMessageProperties().getHeaders();
+        Integer retriesHeader = (Integer) headers.get(X_RETRIES_HEADER);
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader == null) {
+            retriesHeader = Integer.valueOf(<span class="hl-number">0</span>);
+        }
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader &lt; <span class="hl-number">3</span>) {
+            headers.put(X_RETRIES_HEADER, retriesHeader + <span class="hl-number">1</span>);
+            headers.put(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"x-delay"</span>, <span class="hl-number">5000</span> * retriesHeader);
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(DELAY_EXCHANGE, ORIGINAL_QUEUE, failedMessage);
+        }
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">else</span> {
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(PARKING_LOT, failedMessage);
+        }
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Bean</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> DirectExchange delayExchange() {
+        DirectExchange exchange = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> DirectExchange(DELAY_EXCHANGE);
+        exchange.setDelayed(true);
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> exchange;
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Bean</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> Binding bindOriginalToDelay() {
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> BindingBuilder.bind(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> Queue(ORIGINAL_QUEUE)).to(delayExchange()).with(ORIGINAL_QUEUE);
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Bean</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> Queue parkingLot() {
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> Queue(PARKING_LOT);
+    }
+
+}</pre></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_partitioned_destinations" href="#_partitioned_destinations"></a>6.2&nbsp;Partitioned Destinations</h2></div></div></div><p>With partitioned destinations, there is one DLQ for all partitions. We determine the original queue from the headers.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="_republishtodlqfalse" href="#_republishtodlqfalse"></a>6.2.1&nbsp;<code class="literal">republishToDlq=false</code></h3></div></div></div><p>When <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> is <code class="literal">false</code>, RabbitMQ publishes the message to the DLX/DLQ with an <code class="literal">x-death</code> header containing information about the original destination, as shown in the following example:</p><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> ReRouteDlqApplication {
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String ORIGINAL_QUEUE = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"so8400in.so8400"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String DLQ = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".dlq"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String PARKING_LOT = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".parkingLot"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_DEATH_HEADER = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"x-death"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_RETRIES_HEADER = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"x-retries"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">throws</span> Exception {
+		ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(ReRouteDlqApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>, args);
+		System.out.println(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"Hit enter to terminate"</span>);
+		System.in.read();
+		context.close();
+	}
+
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Autowired</span></em>
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
+
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")</span></em>
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@RabbitListener(queues = DLQ)</span></em>
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> rePublish(Message failedMessage) {
+		Map&lt;String, Object&gt; headers = failedMessage.getMessageProperties().getHeaders();
+		Integer retriesHeader = (Integer) headers.get(X_RETRIES_HEADER);
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader == null) {
+			retriesHeader = Integer.valueOf(<span class="hl-number">0</span>);
+		}
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader &lt; <span class="hl-number">3</span>) {
+			headers.put(X_RETRIES_HEADER, retriesHeader + <span class="hl-number">1</span>);
+			List&lt;Map&lt;String, ?&gt;&gt; xDeath = (List&lt;Map&lt;String, ?&gt;&gt;) headers.get(X_DEATH_HEADER);
+			String exchange = (String) xDeath.get(<span class="hl-number">0</span>).get(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"exchange"</span>);
+			List&lt;String&gt; routingKeys = (List&lt;String&gt;) xDeath.get(<span class="hl-number">0</span>).get(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"routing-keys"</span>);
+			<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(exchange, routingKeys.get(<span class="hl-number">0</span>), failedMessage);
+		}
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">else</span> {
+			<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(PARKING_LOT, failedMessage);
+		}
+	}
+
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Bean</span></em>
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> Queue parkingLot() {
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> Queue(PARKING_LOT);
+	}
+
+}</pre></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="_republishtodlqtrue" href="#_republishtodlqtrue"></a>6.2.2&nbsp;<code class="literal">republishToDlq=true</code></h3></div></div></div><p>When <code class="literal">republishToDlq</code> is <code class="literal">true</code>, the republishing recoverer adds the original exchange and routing key to headers, as shown in the following example:</p><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> ReRouteDlqApplication {
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String ORIGINAL_QUEUE = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"so8400in.so8400"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String DLQ = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".dlq"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String PARKING_LOT = ORIGINAL_QUEUE + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">".parkingLot"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_RETRIES_HEADER = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"x-retries"</span>;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_ORIGINAL_EXCHANGE_HEADER = RepublishMessageRecoverer.X_ORIGINAL_EXCHANGE;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String X_ORIGINAL_ROUTING_KEY_HEADER = RepublishMessageRecoverer.X_ORIGINAL_ROUTING_KEY;
+
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">throws</span> Exception {
+		ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(ReRouteDlqApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>, args);
+		System.out.println(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"Hit enter to terminate"</span>);
+		System.in.read();
+		context.close();
+	}
+
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Autowired</span></em>
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
+
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@RabbitListener(queues = DLQ)</span></em>
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> rePublish(Message failedMessage) {
+		Map&lt;String, Object&gt; headers = failedMessage.getMessageProperties().getHeaders();
+		Integer retriesHeader = (Integer) headers.get(X_RETRIES_HEADER);
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader == null) {
+			retriesHeader = Integer.valueOf(<span class="hl-number">0</span>);
+		}
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">if</span> (retriesHeader &lt; <span class="hl-number">3</span>) {
+			headers.put(X_RETRIES_HEADER, retriesHeader + <span class="hl-number">1</span>);
+			String exchange = (String) headers.get(X_ORIGINAL_EXCHANGE_HEADER);
+			String originalRoutingKey = (String) headers.get(X_ORIGINAL_ROUTING_KEY_HEADER);
+			<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(exchange, originalRoutingKey, failedMessage);
+		}
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">else</span> {
+			<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">this</span>.rabbitTemplate.send(PARKING_LOT, failedMessage);
+		}
+	}
+
+	<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Bean</span></em>
+	<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> Queue parkingLot() {
+		<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> Queue(PARKING_LOT);
+	}
+
+}</pre></div></div></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="_partitioning_with_the_rabbitmq_binder" href="#_partitioning_with_the_rabbitmq_binder"></a>7.&nbsp;Partitioning with the RabbitMQ Binder</h2></div></div></div><p>RabbitMQ does not support partitioning natively.</p><p>Sometimes, it is advantageous to send data to specific partitions&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;for example, when you want to strictly order message processing, all messages for a particular customer should go to the same partition.</p><p>The <code class="literal">RabbitMessageChannelBinder</code> provides partitioning by binding a queue for each partition to the destination exchange.</p><p>The following Java and YAML examples show how to configure the producer:</p><p><b>Producer.&nbsp;</b>
+</p><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@EnableBinding(Source.class)</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> RabbitPartitionProducerApplication {
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> Random RANDOM = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">private</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">final</span> String[] data = <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> String[] {
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"abc1"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"def1"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"qux1"</span>,
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"abc2"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"def2"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"qux2"</span>,
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"abc3"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"def3"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"qux3"</span>,
+            <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"abc4"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"def4"</span>, <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"qux4"</span>,
+            };
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) {
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> SpringApplicationBuilder(RabbitPartitionProducerApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>)
+            .web(false)
+            .run(args);
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@InboundChannelAdapter(channel = Source.OUTPUT, poller = @Poller(fixedRate = "5000"))</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> Message&lt;?&gt; generate() {
+        String value = data[RANDOM.nextInt(data.length)];
+        System.out.println(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"Sending: "</span> + value);
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">return</span> MessageBuilder.withPayload(value)
+                .setHeader(<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">"partitionKey"</span>, value)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+}</pre><p>
+</p><p><b>application.yml.&nbsp;</b>
+</p><pre class="programlisting"><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">    spring</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">      cloud</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">        stream</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">          bindings</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">            output</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">              destination</span>: partitioned.destination
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">              producer</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">                partitioned</span>: <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">true</span>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">                partition-key-expression</span>: headers[<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">'partitionKey'</span><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">]</span>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">                partition-count</span>: <span class="hl-number">2</span>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">                required-groups</span>:
+                - myGroup</pre><p>
+</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>The configuration in the prececing example uses the default partitioning (<code class="literal">key.hashCode() % partitionCount</code>).
+This may or may not provide a suitably balanced algorithm, depending on the key values.
+You can override this default by using the <code class="literal">partitionSelectorExpression</code> or <code class="literal">partitionSelectorClass</code> properties.</p><p>The <code class="literal">required-groups</code> property is required only if you need the consumer queues to be provisioned when the producer is deployed.
+Otherwise, any messages sent to a partition are lost until the corresponding consumer is deployed.</p></td></tr></table></div><p>The following configuration provisions a topic exchange:</p><div class="informalfigure"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/part-exchange.png" alt="part exchange"></div></div><p>The following queues are bound to that exchange:</p><div class="informalfigure"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/part-queues.png" alt="part queues"></div></div><p>The following bindings associate the queues to the exchange:</p><div class="informalfigure"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/part-bindings.png" alt="part bindings"></div></div><p>The following Java and YAML examples continue the previous examples and show how to configure the consumer:</p><p><b>Consumer.&nbsp;</b>
+</p><pre class="programlisting"><em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@SpringBootApplication</span></em>
+<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@EnableBinding(Sink.class)</span></em>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span> RabbitPartitionConsumerApplication {
+
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">static</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> main(String[] args) {
+        <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">new</span> SpringApplicationBuilder(RabbitPartitionConsumerApplication.<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">class</span>)
+            .web(false)
+            .run(args);
+    }
+
+    <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@StreamListener(Sink.INPUT)</span></em>
+    <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">public</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">void</span> listen(<em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Payload</span></em> String in, <em><span class="hl-annotation" style="color: gray">@Header(AmqpHeaders.CONSUMER_QUEUE)</span></em> String queue) {
+        System.out.println(in + <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-string">" received from queue "</span> + queue);
+    }
+
+}</pre><p>
+</p><p><b>application.yml.&nbsp;</b>
+</p><pre class="programlisting"><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">    spring</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">      cloud</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">        stream</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">          bindings</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">            input</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">              destination</span>: partitioned.destination
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">              group</span>: myGroup
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">              consumer</span>:
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">                partitioned</span>: <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-keyword">true</span>
+<span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="hl-attribute">                instance-index</span>: <span class="hl-number">0</span></pre><p>
+</p><div class="important" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Important"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Important]" src="images/important.png"></td><th align="left">Important</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>The <code class="literal">RabbitMessageChannelBinder</code> does not support dynamic scaling.
+There must be at least one consumer per partition.
+The consumer&#8217;s <code class="literal">instanceIndex</code> is used to indicate which partition is consumed.
+Platforms such as Cloud Foundry can have only one instance with an <code class="literal">instanceIndex</code>.</p></td></tr></table></div></div></div><div class="part"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="_appendices" href="#_appendices"></a>Part&nbsp;II.&nbsp;Appendices</h1></div></div></div><div class="appendix"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="building" href="#building"></a>Appendix&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Building</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_basic_compile_and_test" href="#_basic_compile_and_test"></a>A.1&nbsp;Basic Compile and Test</h2></div></div></div><p>To build the source you will need to install JDK 1.8.</p><p>The build uses the Maven wrapper so you don&#8217;t have to install a specific
+version of Maven. To enable the tests, you should have RabbitMQ server running
+on localhost and the default port (5672)
+before building.</p><p>The main build command is</p><pre class="screen">$ ./mvnw clean install</pre><p>You can also add '-DskipTests' if you like, to avoid running the tests.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>You can also install Maven (&gt;=3.3.3) yourself and run the <code class="literal">mvn</code> command
+in place of <code class="literal">./mvnw</code> in the examples below. If you do that you also
+might need to add <code class="literal">-P spring</code> if your local Maven settings do not
+contain repository declarations for spring pre-release artifacts.</p></td></tr></table></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Be aware that you might need to increase the amount of memory
+available to Maven by setting a <code class="literal">MAVEN_OPTS</code> environment variable with
+a value like <code class="literal">-Xmx512m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m</code>. We try to cover this in
+the <code class="literal">.mvn</code> configuration, so if you find you have to do it to make a
+build succeed, please raise a ticket to get the settings added to
+source control.</p></td></tr></table></div><p>The projects that require middleware generally include a
+<code class="literal">docker-compose.yml</code>, so consider using
+<a class="link" href="https://compose.docker.io/" target="_top">Docker Compose</a> to run the middeware servers
+in Docker containers.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_documentation" href="#_documentation"></a>A.2&nbsp;Documentation</h2></div></div></div><p>There is a "full" profile that will generate documentation.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_working_with_the_code" href="#_working_with_the_code"></a>A.3&nbsp;Working with the code</h2></div></div></div><p>If you don&#8217;t have an IDE preference we would recommend that you use
+<a class="link" href="https://www.springsource.com/developer/sts" target="_top">Spring Tools Suite</a> or
+<a class="link" href="https://eclipse.org" target="_top">Eclipse</a> when working with the code. We use the
+<a class="link" href="https://eclipse.org/m2e/" target="_top">m2eclipe</a> eclipse plugin for maven support. Other IDEs and tools
+should also work without issue.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="_importing_into_eclipse_with_m2eclipse" href="#_importing_into_eclipse_with_m2eclipse"></a>A.3.1&nbsp;Importing into eclipse with m2eclipse</h3></div></div></div><p>We recommend the <a class="link" href="https://eclipse.org/m2e/" target="_top">m2eclipe</a> eclipse plugin when working with
+eclipse. If you don&#8217;t already have m2eclipse installed it is available from the "eclipse
+marketplace".</p><p>Unfortunately m2e does not yet support Maven 3.3, so once the projects
+are imported into Eclipse you will also need to tell m2eclipse to use
+the <code class="literal">.settings.xml</code> file for the projects.  If you do not do this you
+may see many different errors related to the POMs in the
+projects.  Open your Eclipse preferences, expand the Maven
+preferences, and select User Settings.  In the User Settings field
+click Browse and navigate to the Spring Cloud project you imported
+selecting the <code class="literal">.settings.xml</code> file in that project.  Click Apply and
+then OK to save the preference changes.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Alternatively you can copy the repository settings from <a class="link" href="https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-build/blob/master/.settings.xml" target="_top"><code class="literal">.settings.xml</code></a> into your own <code class="literal">~/.m2/settings.xml</code>.</p></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="_importing_into_eclipse_without_m2eclipse" href="#_importing_into_eclipse_without_m2eclipse"></a>A.3.2&nbsp;Importing into eclipse without m2eclipse</h3></div></div></div><p>If you prefer not to use m2eclipse you can generate eclipse project metadata using the
+following command:</p><pre class="screen">$ ./mvnw eclipse:eclipse</pre><p>The generated eclipse projects can be imported by selecting <code class="literal">import existing projects</code>
+from the <code class="literal">file</code> menu.</p></div></div></div><div class="appendix"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="contributing" href="#contributing"></a>Appendix&nbsp;B.&nbsp;Contributing</h2></div></div></div><p>Spring Cloud is released under the non-restrictive Apache 2.0 license,
+and follows a very standard Github development process, using Github
+tracker for issues and merging pull requests into master. If you want
+to contribute even something trivial please do not hesitate, but
+follow the guidelines below.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_sign_the_contributor_license_agreement" href="#_sign_the_contributor_license_agreement"></a>B.1&nbsp;Sign the Contributor License Agreement</h2></div></div></div><p>Before we accept a non-trivial patch or pull request we will need you to sign the
+<a class="link" href="https://support.springsource.com/spring_committer_signup" target="_top">contributor&#8217;s agreement</a>.
+Signing the contributor&#8217;s agreement does not grant anyone commit rights to the main
+repository, but it does mean that we can accept your contributions, and you will get an
+author credit if we do.  Active contributors might be asked to join the core team, and
+given the ability to merge pull requests.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="_code_conventions_and_housekeeping" href="#_code_conventions_and_housekeeping"></a>B.2&nbsp;Code Conventions and Housekeeping</h2></div></div></div><p>None of these is essential for a pull request, but they will all help.  They can also be
+added after the original pull request but before a merge.</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem">Use the Spring Framework code format conventions. If you use Eclipse
+you can import formatter settings using the
+<code class="literal">eclipse-code-formatter.xml</code> file from the
+<a class="link" href="https://github.com/spring-cloud/build/tree/master/eclipse-coding-conventions.xml" target="_top">Spring
+Cloud Build</a> project. If using IntelliJ, you can use the
+<a class="link" href="https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/6546" target="_top">Eclipse Code Formatter
+Plugin</a> to import the same file.</li><li class="listitem">Make sure all new <code class="literal">.java</code> files to have a simple Javadoc class comment with at least an
+<code class="literal">@author</code> tag identifying you, and preferably at least a paragraph on what the class is
+for.</li><li class="listitem">Add the ASF license header comment to all new <code class="literal">.java</code> files (copy from existing files
+in the project)</li><li class="listitem">Add yourself as an <code class="literal">@author</code> to the .java files that you modify substantially (more
+than cosmetic changes).</li><li class="listitem">Add some Javadocs and, if you change the namespace, some XSD doc elements.</li><li class="listitem">A few unit tests would help a lot as well&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;someone has to do it.</li><li class="listitem">If no-one else is using your branch, please rebase it against the current master (or
+other target branch in the main project).</li><li class="listitem">When writing a commit message please follow <a class="link" href="https://tbaggery.com/2008/04/19/a-note-about-git-commit-messages.html" target="_top">these conventions</a>,
+if you are fixing an existing issue please add <code class="literal">Fixes gh-XXXX</code> at the end of the commit
+message (where XXXX is the issue number).</li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></body></html>
--- a/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.xml
+++ b/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit/2.1.3.RELEASE/spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit.xml