Rework logging to prevent double initialization

Prior to this commit LoggingSystem initialization would happen multiple
times. Once to configure "quiet" logging, and again to configure correct
settings once the Application was initialized. This could cause problems
if `logging.groovy` logback files were used.

The logging system is now only initialized once (when possible) by
following these steps:

- Standard logging initialization occurs via the actual logging
  implementation used (e.g. logback will load a logback.xml file if it
  exists)
- beforeInitization() is called to prevent early log output.
  Implementations now either use a Filter or simply set the root logging
  level.
- initialize() is called with an optional log configuration file (e.g
  a custom logback.xml location) and an optional log output file (the
  default is null indicating console only output).

The initialize() method will attempt to prevent double initialization
by checking if a standard configuration file exists. Double
initialization now only occurs in the following situations:

- The user has a standard configuration file (e.g. classpath:logback.xml)
  but also specifies a logging.config property. Double initialization is
  required since the specified configuration file supersedes the default.
- The user has a standard configuration file (e.g. classpath:logback.xml)
  and specifies a logging.file property. Double initialization is
  required since the standard configuration may use a ${LOG_FILE}
  reference.

In addition this commit removes the `logging.console` option and now
assumes that logging either occurs only to console or to both the
console and a file. This restriction helps simplify the LoggingSystem
implementations. If file only logging is required a custom logback.xml
can be used.

Fixes gh-1091
See gh-1612, gh-1770

spring-boot-actuator/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/endpoint/jmx/EndpointMBeanExporter.java

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ public class EndpointMBeanExporter extends MBeanExporter implements SmartLifecyc
 			this.beanFactory = (ListableBeanFactory) beanFactory;
 		}
 		else {
-			logger.info("EndpointMBeanExporter not running in a ListableBeanFactory: "
+			logger.warn("EndpointMBeanExporter not running in a ListableBeanFactory: "
 					+ "autodetection of Endpoints not available.");
 		}
 	}

spring-boot-cli/src/test/resources/logback.xml

-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<configuration>
-	<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml"/>
-	<!-- logger name="org.springframework.web" level="DEBUG"/-->
-	<!-- logger name="org.springframework.jdbc" level="DEBUG"/-->
-	<!-- logger name="org.springframework.jms" level="DEBUG"/-->
-</configuration>

spring-boot-samples/spring-boot-sample-actuator-log4j/src/main/java/sample/actuator/log4j/SampleActuatorApplication.java → spring-boot-samples/spring-boot-sample-actuator-log4j/src/main/java/sample/actuator/log4j/SampleActuatorLog4JApplication.java

@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 @EnableAutoConfiguration
 @EnableConfigurationProperties
 @ComponentScan
-public class SampleActuatorApplication {
+public class SampleActuatorLog4JApplication {
 
 	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-		SpringApplication.run(SampleActuatorApplication.class, args);
+		SpringApplication.run(SampleActuatorLog4JApplication.class, args);
 	}
 
 }

spring-boot-samples/spring-boot-sample-actuator-log4j/src/test/java/sample/actuator/log4j/SampleActuatorApplicationTests.java

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
  * @author Dave Syer
  */
 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
-@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = SampleActuatorApplication.class)
+@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = SampleActuatorLog4JApplication.class)
 @WebAppConfiguration
 @IntegrationTest("server.port=0")
 @DirtiesContext

spring-boot-samples/spring-boot-sample-actuator-log4j2/src/main/java/sample/actuator/log4j2/SampleActuatorApplication.java → spring-boot-samples/spring-boot-sample-actuator-log4j2/src/main/java/sample/actuator/log4j2/SampleActuatorLog4J2Application.java

@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 @EnableAutoConfiguration
 @EnableConfigurationProperties
 @ComponentScan
-public class SampleActuatorApplication {
+public class SampleActuatorLog4J2Application {
 
 	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-		SpringApplication.run(SampleActuatorApplication.class, args);
+		SpringApplication.run(SampleActuatorLog4J2Application.class, args);
 	}
 
 }

spring-boot-samples/spring-boot-sample-actuator-log4j2/src/test/java/sample/actuator/log4j2/SampleActuatorApplicationTests.java

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
  * @author Dave Syer
  */
 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
-@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = SampleActuatorApplication.class)
+@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = SampleActuatorLog4J2Application.class)
 @WebAppConfiguration
 @IntegrationTest("server.port=0")
 @DirtiesContext

spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/SpringApplication.java

@@ -282,13 +282,12 @@ public class SpringApplication {
 			// Create and configure the environment
 			ConfigurableEnvironment environment = getOrCreateEnvironment();
 			configureEnvironment(environment, args);
-			for (SpringApplicationRunListener runListener : runListeners) {
-				runListener.environmentPrepared(environment);
-			}
-
 			if (this.showBanner) {
 				printBanner(environment);
 			}
+			for (SpringApplicationRunListener runListener : runListeners) {
+				runListener.environmentPrepared(environment);
+			}
 
 			// Create, load, refresh and run the ApplicationContext
 			context = createApplicationContext();

spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/AbstractLoggingSystem.java

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package org.springframework.boot.logging;
 import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
 import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
+import org.springframework.util.SystemPropertyUtils;
 
 /**
  * Abstract base class for {@link LoggingSystem} implementations.
@@ -30,50 +31,70 @@ public abstract class AbstractLoggingSystem extends LoggingSystem {
 
 	private final ClassLoader classLoader;
 
-	private final String[] paths;
-
-	private boolean fileOutput;
-
-	private boolean consoleOutput;
-
 	public AbstractLoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader) {
-		this(classLoader, false, true);
-	}
-	
-	public AbstractLoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader, boolean fileOutput,
-			boolean consoleOutput) {
 		this.classLoader = classLoader;
-		this.fileOutput = fileOutput;
-		this.consoleOutput = consoleOutput;
-		this.paths = getLogFileNames();
-	}
-
-	protected abstract String[] getLogFileNames();
-
-	protected final ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
-		return this.classLoader;
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public void beforeInitialize() {
-		initializeWithSensibleDefaults();
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	public void initialize() {
-		for (String path : this.paths) {
-			ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource(path, this.classLoader);
+	public void initialize(String configLocation, String logFile) {
+		if (StringUtils.hasLength(configLocation)) {
+			// Load a specific configuration
+			configLocation = SystemPropertyUtils.resolvePlaceholders(configLocation);
+			loadConfiguration(configLocation, logFile);
+		}
+		else {
+			String selfInitializationConfig = getSelfInitializationConfig();
+			if (selfInitializationConfig == null) {
+				// No self initialization has occurred, use defaults
+				loadDefaults(logFile);
+			}
+			else if (StringUtils.hasLength(logFile)) {
+				// Self initialization has occurred but the file has changed, reload
+				loadConfiguration(selfInitializationConfig, logFile);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return any self initialization config that has been applied. By default this method
+	 * checks {@link #getStandardConfigLocations()} and assumes that any file that exists
+	 * will have been applied.
+	 */
+	protected String getSelfInitializationConfig() {
+		for (String location : getStandardConfigLocations()) {
+			ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource(location, this.classLoader);
 			if (resource.exists()) {
-				initialize("classpath:" + path);
-				return;
+				return "classpath:" + location;
 			}
 		}
-		// Fallback to the non-prefixed value taking into account file and console preferences
-		initialize(getPackagedConfigFile(addChannels(this.paths[this.paths.length - 1])));
+		return null;
 	}
 
-	protected void initializeWithSensibleDefaults() {
-		initialize(getPackagedConfigFile("basic-" + this.paths[this.paths.length - 1]));
+	/**
+	 * Return the standard config locations for this system.
+	 * @see #getSelfInitializationConfig()
+	 */
+	protected abstract String[] getStandardConfigLocations();
+
+	/**
+	 * Load sensible defaults for the logging system.
+	 * @param logFile the file to load or {@code null} if no log file is to be written
+	 */
+	protected abstract void loadDefaults(String logFile);
+
+	/**
+	 * Load a specific configuration.
+	 * @param location the location of the configuration to load (never {@code null})
+	 * @param logFile the file to load or {@code null} if no log file is to be written
+	 */
+	protected abstract void loadConfiguration(String location, String logFile);
+
+	protected final ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
+		return this.classLoader;
 	}
 
 	protected final String getPackagedConfigFile(String fileName) {
@@ -84,14 +105,4 @@ public abstract class AbstractLoggingSystem extends LoggingSystem {
 		return defaultPath;
 	}
 
-	private String addChannels(String fileName) {
-		String extension = "." + StringUtils.getFilenameExtension(fileName);
-		return fileName.replace(extension, getChannel() + extension);
-	}
-
-	private String getChannel() {
-		return (fileOutput && consoleOutput) ? "-file-console" : (fileOutput ? "-file"
-				: (consoleOutput ? "" : "-none"));
-	}
-
 }

spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/LoggingSystem.java

@@ -33,35 +33,32 @@ public abstract class LoggingSystem {
 	private static final Map<String, String> SYSTEMS;
 	static {
 		Map<String, String> systems = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
-		String pkg = LoggingSystem.class.getPackage().getName();
-		systems.put("ch.qos.logback.core.Appender", pkg + ".logback.LogbackLoggingSystem");
-		systems.put("org.apache.log4j.PropertyConfigurator", pkg
-				+ ".log4j.Log4JLoggingSystem");
-		systems.put("org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager", pkg
-				+ ".log4j2.Log4J2LoggingSystem");
-		systems.put("java.util.logging.LogManager", pkg + ".java.JavaLoggingSystem");
+		systems.put("ch.qos.logback.core.Appender",
+				"org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem");
+		systems.put("org.apache.log4j.PropertyConfigurator",
+				"org.springframework.boot.logging.log4j.Log4JLoggingSystem");
+		systems.put("org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager",
+				"org.springframework.boot.logging.log4j2.Log4J2LoggingSystem");
+		systems.put("java.util.logging.LogManager",
+				"org.springframework.boot.logging.java.JavaLoggingSystem");
 		SYSTEMS = Collections.unmodifiableMap(systems);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Reset the logging system to be limit output. This method may be called before
-	 * {@link #initialize()} to reduce logging noise until the systems has been full
-	 * Initialized.
+	 * {@link #initialize(String, String)} to reduce logging noise until the systems has
+	 * been fully Initialized.
 	 */
 	public abstract void beforeInitialize();
 
 	/**
-	 * Initialize the logging system using sensible defaults. This method should generally
-	 * try to find system specific configuration on classpath before falling back to
-	 * sensible defaults.
+	 * Fully initialize the logging system.
+	 * @param configLocation a log configuration location or {@code null} if default
+	 * initialization is required
+	 * @param logFile the log output file that should be written or {@code null} for
+	 * console only output
 	 */
-	public abstract void initialize();
-
-	/**
-	 * Initialize the logging system from a logging configuration location.
-	 * @param configLocation a log configuration location
-	 */
-	public abstract void initialize(String configLocation);
+	public abstract void initialize(String configLocation, String logFile);
 
 	/**
 	 * Sets the logging level for a given logger.
@@ -71,17 +68,18 @@ public abstract class LoggingSystem {
 	public abstract void setLogLevel(String loggerName, LogLevel level);
 
 	/**
-	 * Detect and return the logging system in use.
+	 * Detect and return the logging system in use. Supports Logback, Log4J, Log4J2 and
+	 * Java Logging.
 	 * @return The logging system
 	 */
-	public static LoggingSystem get(ClassLoader classLoader, boolean fileOutput, boolean consoleOutput) {
+	public static LoggingSystem get(ClassLoader classLoader) {
 		for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : SYSTEMS.entrySet()) {
 			if (ClassUtils.isPresent(entry.getKey(), classLoader)) {
 				try {
 					Class<?> systemClass = ClassUtils.forName(entry.getValue(),
 							classLoader);
-					return (LoggingSystem) systemClass.getConstructor(ClassLoader.class, boolean.class, boolean.class)
-							.newInstance(classLoader, fileOutput, consoleOutput);
+					return (LoggingSystem) systemClass.getConstructor(ClassLoader.class)
+							.newInstance(classLoader);
 				}
 				catch (Exception ex) {
 					throw new IllegalStateException(ex);

spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/Slf4JLoggingSystem.java

@@ -27,16 +27,17 @@ import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
  */
 public abstract class Slf4JLoggingSystem extends AbstractLoggingSystem {
 
-	public Slf4JLoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader, boolean fileOutput, boolean consoleOutput) {
-		super(classLoader, fileOutput, consoleOutput);
+	private static final String BRIDGE_HANDLER = "org.slf4j.bridge.SLF4JBridgeHandler";
+
+	public Slf4JLoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader) {
+		super(classLoader);
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public void beforeInitialize() {
 		super.beforeInitialize();
 		try {
-			if (ClassUtils.isPresent("org.slf4j.bridge.SLF4JBridgeHandler",
-					getClassLoader())) {
+			if (ClassUtils.isPresent(BRIDGE_HANDLER, getClassLoader())) {
 				try {
 					SLF4JBridgeHandler.removeHandlersForRootLogger();
 				}

spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/java/JavaLoggingSystem.java

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package org.springframework.boot.logging.java;
 
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -27,8 +29,9 @@ import org.springframework.boot.logging.AbstractLoggingSystem;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.LogLevel;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.LoggingSystem;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
+import org.springframework.util.FileCopyUtils;
 import org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils;
-import org.springframework.util.SystemPropertyUtils;
+import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * {@link LoggingSystem} for {@link Logger java.util.logging}.
@@ -52,30 +55,46 @@ public class JavaLoggingSystem extends AbstractLoggingSystem {
 	}
 
 	public JavaLoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader) {
-		this(classLoader, false, true);
-	}
-	
-	public JavaLoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader, boolean fileOutput,
-			boolean consoleOutput) {
-		super(classLoader, fileOutput, consoleOutput);
+		super(classLoader);
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	protected String[] getLogFileNames() {
+	protected String[] getStandardConfigLocations() {
 		return new String[] { "logging.properties" };
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	public void initialize(String configLocation) {
-		Assert.notNull(configLocation, "ConfigLocation must not be null");
-		String resolvedLocation = SystemPropertyUtils.resolvePlaceholders(configLocation);
+	public void beforeInitialize() {
+		super.beforeInitialize();
+		Logger.getLogger("").setLevel(Level.SEVERE);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	protected void loadDefaults(String logFile) {
+		if (StringUtils.hasLength(logFile)) {
+			loadConfiguration(getPackagedConfigFile("logging-file.properties"), logFile);
+		}
+		else {
+			loadConfiguration(getPackagedConfigFile("logging.properties"), logFile);
+		}
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	protected void loadConfiguration(String location, String logFile) {
+		Assert.notNull(location, "Location must not be null");
 		try {
+			String configuration = FileCopyUtils.copyToString(new InputStreamReader(
+					ResourceUtils.getURL(location).openStream()));
+			if (StringUtils.hasLength(logFile)) {
+				configuration = configuration.replace("${LOG_FILE}",
+						StringUtils.cleanPath(logFile));
+			}
 			LogManager.getLogManager().readConfiguration(
-					ResourceUtils.getURL(resolvedLocation).openStream());
+					new ByteArrayInputStream(configuration.getBytes()));
 		}
 		catch (Exception ex) {
-			throw new IllegalStateException("Could not initialize logging from "
-					+ configLocation, ex);
+			throw new IllegalStateException("Could not initialize Java logging from "
+					+ location, ex);
 		}
 	}
 

spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j/Log4JLoggingSystem.java

@@ -52,28 +52,42 @@ public class Log4JLoggingSystem extends Slf4JLoggingSystem {
 	}
 
 	public Log4JLoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader) {
-		this(classLoader, false, true);
-	}
-	
-	public Log4JLoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader, boolean fileOutput,
-			boolean consoleOutput) {
-		super(classLoader, fileOutput, consoleOutput);
+		super(classLoader);
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	protected String[] getLogFileNames() {
+	protected String[] getStandardConfigLocations() {
 		return new String[] { "log4j.xml", "log4j.properties" };
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	public void initialize(String configLocation) {
-		Assert.notNull(configLocation, "ConfigLocation must not be null");
+	public void beforeInitialize() {
+		super.beforeInitialize();
+		LogManager.getRootLogger().setLevel(Level.FATAL);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	protected void loadDefaults(String logFile) {
+		if (StringUtils.hasLength(logFile)) {
+			loadConfiguration(getPackagedConfigFile("log4j-file.properties"), logFile);
+		}
+		else {
+			loadConfiguration(getPackagedConfigFile("log4j.properties"), logFile);
+		}
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	protected void loadConfiguration(String location, String logFile) {
+		Assert.notNull(location, "Location must not be null");
+		if (StringUtils.hasLength(logFile)) {
+			System.setProperty("LOG_FILE", logFile);
+		}
 		try {
-			Log4jConfigurer.initLogging(configLocation);
+			Log4jConfigurer.initLogging(location);
 		}
 		catch (Exception ex) {
-			throw new IllegalStateException("Could not initialize logging from "
-					+ configLocation, ex);
+			throw new IllegalStateException("Could not initialize Log4J logging from "
+					+ location, ex);
 		}
 	}
 

spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/Log4J2LoggingSystem.java

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ import java.util.Map;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Level;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext;
-import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.Configuration;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.ConfigurationFactory;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.ConfigurationSource;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.LogLevel;
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ import org.springframework.boot.logging.LoggingSystem;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.Slf4JLoggingSystem;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 import org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils;
-import org.springframework.util.SystemPropertyUtils;
+import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * {@link LoggingSystem} for <a href="http://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/">Log4j 2</a>.
@@ -57,44 +56,53 @@ public class Log4J2LoggingSystem extends Slf4JLoggingSystem {
 	}
 
 	public Log4J2LoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader) {
-		this(classLoader, false, true);
+		super(classLoader);
 	}
-	
-	public Log4J2LoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader, boolean fileOutput, boolean consoleOutput) {
-		super(classLoader, fileOutput, consoleOutput);
-	}
-	
+
 	@Override
-	protected String[] getLogFileNames() {
+	protected String[] getStandardConfigLocations() {
 		return new String[] { "log4j2.json", "log4j2.jsn", "log4j2.xml" };
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	public void initialize(String configLocation) {
-		Assert.notNull(configLocation, "ConfigLocation must not be null");
-		String resolvedLocation = SystemPropertyUtils.resolvePlaceholders(configLocation);
-		try {
-			initializeAndStart(resolvedLocation);
+	public void beforeInitialize() {
+		super.beforeInitialize();
+		setLogLevel("", LogLevel.FATAL);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	protected void loadDefaults(String logFile) {
+		if (StringUtils.hasLength(logFile)) {
+			loadConfiguration(getPackagedConfigFile("log4j2-file.xml"), logFile);
 		}
-		catch (Exception ex) {
-			throw new IllegalStateException("Could not initialize logging from "
-					+ configLocation, ex);
+		else {
+			loadConfiguration(getPackagedConfigFile("log4j2.xml"), logFile);
 		}
 	}
 
-	private void initializeAndStart(String resolvedLocation) throws Exception {
-		LoggerContext ctx = (LoggerContext) LogManager.getContext(false);
-		URL url = ResourceUtils.getURL(resolvedLocation);
-		ConfigurationSource configSource = new ConfigurationSource(url.openStream(), url);
-		Configuration config = ConfigurationFactory.getInstance().getConfiguration(
-				configSource);
-		ctx.start(config);
+	@Override
+	protected void loadConfiguration(String location, String logFile) {
+		Assert.notNull(location, "Location must not be null");
+		if (StringUtils.hasLength(logFile)) {
+			System.setProperty("LOG_FILE", logFile);
+		}
+		try {
+			LoggerContext ctx = (LoggerContext) LogManager.getContext(false);
+			URL url = ResourceUtils.getURL(location);
+			ConfigurationSource source = new ConfigurationSource(url.openStream(), url);
+			ctx.start(ConfigurationFactory.getInstance().getConfiguration(source));
+		}
+		catch (Exception ex) {
+			throw new IllegalStateException("Could not initialize Log4J2 logging from "
+					+ location, ex);
+		}
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public void setLogLevel(String loggerName, LogLevel level) {
 		LoggerContext ctx = (LoggerContext) LogManager.getContext(false);
-		ctx.getConfiguration().getLoggerConfig(loggerName).setLevel(LEVELS.get(level));
+		ctx.getConfiguration().getLoggerConfig(loggerName == null ? "" : loggerName)
+				.setLevel(LEVELS.get(level));
 		ctx.updateLoggers();
 	}
 

spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/LogbackLoggingSystem.java

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import java.util.Map;
 
 import org.slf4j.ILoggerFactory;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.Marker;
 import org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.LogLevel;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.LoggingSystem;
@@ -30,11 +31,12 @@ import org.springframework.boot.logging.Slf4JLoggingSystem;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 import org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils;
 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
-import org.springframework.util.SystemPropertyUtils;
 
 import ch.qos.logback.classic.Level;
 import ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.turbo.TurboFilter;
 import ch.qos.logback.classic.util.ContextInitializer;
+import ch.qos.logback.core.spi.FilterReply;
 
 /**
  * {@link LoggingSystem} for for <a href="http://logback.qos.ch">logback</a>.
@@ -58,25 +60,54 @@ public class LogbackLoggingSystem extends Slf4JLoggingSystem {
 		LEVELS = Collections.unmodifiableMap(levels);
 	}
 
+	private static final TurboFilter FILTER = new TurboFilter() {
+
+		@Override
+		public FilterReply decide(Marker marker, ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger logger,
+				Level level, String format, Object[] params, Throwable t) {
+			return FilterReply.DENY;
+		}
+
+	};
+
 	public LogbackLoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader) {
-		this(classLoader, false, true);
-	}
-	
-	public LogbackLoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader, boolean fileOutput,
-			boolean consoleOutput) {
-		super(classLoader, fileOutput, consoleOutput);
+		super(classLoader);
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	protected String[] getLogFileNames() {
+	protected String[] getStandardConfigLocations() {
 		return new String[] { "logback-test.groovy", "logback-test.xml",
 				"logback.groovy", "logback.xml" };
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	public void initialize(String configLocation) {
-		Assert.notNull(configLocation, "ConfigLocation must not be null");
-		String resolvedLocation = SystemPropertyUtils.resolvePlaceholders(configLocation);
+	public void beforeInitialize() {
+		super.beforeInitialize();
+		getLogger(null).getLoggerContext().getTurboFilterList().add(FILTER);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void initialize(String configLocation, String logFile) {
+		getLogger(null).getLoggerContext().getTurboFilterList().remove(FILTER);
+		super.initialize(configLocation, logFile);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	protected void loadDefaults(String logFile) {
+		if (StringUtils.hasLength(logFile)) {
+			loadConfiguration(getPackagedConfigFile("logback-file.xml"), logFile);
+		}
+		else {
+			loadConfiguration(getPackagedConfigFile("logback.xml"), logFile);
+		}
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	protected void loadConfiguration(String location, String logFile) {
+		Assert.notNull(location, "Location must not be null");
+		if (StringUtils.hasLength(logFile)) {
+			System.setProperty("LOG_FILE", logFile);
+		}
 		ILoggerFactory factory = StaticLoggerBinder.getSingleton().getLoggerFactory();
 		Assert.isInstanceOf(
 				LoggerContext.class,
@@ -92,22 +123,25 @@ public class LogbackLoggingSystem extends Slf4JLoggingSystem {
 		context.stop();
 		context.reset();
 		try {
-			URL url = ResourceUtils.getURL(resolvedLocation);
+			URL url = ResourceUtils.getURL(location);
 			new ContextInitializer(context).configureByResource(url);
 		}
 		catch (Exception ex) {
-			throw new IllegalStateException("Could not initialize logging from "
-					+ configLocation, ex);
+			throw new IllegalStateException("Could not initialize Logback logging from "
+					+ location, ex);
 		}
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public void setLogLevel(String loggerName, LogLevel level) {
+		getLogger(loggerName).setLevel(LEVELS.get(level));
+	}
+
+	private ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger getLogger(String name) {
 		ILoggerFactory factory = StaticLoggerBinder.getSingleton().getLoggerFactory();
-		Logger logger = factory
-				.getLogger(StringUtils.isEmpty(loggerName) ? Logger.ROOT_LOGGER_NAME
-						: loggerName);
-		((ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger) logger).setLevel(LEVELS.get(level));
+		return (ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger) factory.getLogger(StringUtils
+				.isEmpty(name) ? Logger.ROOT_LOGGER_NAME : name);
+
 	}
 
 }

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/java/basic-logging.properties

-handlers = java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
-.level = INFO
-
-java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter = org.springframework.boot.logging.java.SimpleFormatter
-java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = ALL
-
-org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version.level = WARNING
-org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol.level = WARNING
-org.crsh.plugin.level = WARNING
-org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool.level = WARNING
-org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory.level = SEVERE
-org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.level = SEVERE
-org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle.level = SEVERE

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/java/logging-file-console.properties

-handlers =java.util.logging.FileHandler,java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
-.level = INFO
-
-# File Logging
-java.util.logging.FileHandler.pattern = %t/spring.log
-java.util.logging.FileHandler.formatter = org.springframework.boot.logging.java.SimpleFormatter
-java.util.logging.FileHandler.level = ALL
-java.util.logging.FileHandler.limit = 10485760
-java.util.logging.FileHandler.count = 10
-
-java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter = org.springframework.boot.logging.java.SimpleFormatter
-java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = ALL
-
-org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version.level = WARNING
-org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol.level = WARNING
-org.crsh.plugin.level = WARNING
-org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool.level = WARNING
-org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory.level = SEVERE
-org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.level = SEVERE
-org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle.level = SEVERE

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/java/logging-file.properties

-handlers =java.util.logging.FileHandler
+handlers =java.util.logging.FileHandler,java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
 .level = INFO
 
 # File Logging
-java.util.logging.FileHandler.pattern = %t/spring.log
+java.util.logging.FileHandler.pattern = ${LOG_FILE}
 java.util.logging.FileHandler.formatter = org.springframework.boot.logging.java.SimpleFormatter
 java.util.logging.FileHandler.level = ALL
 java.util.logging.FileHandler.limit = 10485760
 java.util.logging.FileHandler.count = 10
 
+java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter = org.springframework.boot.logging.java.SimpleFormatter
+java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = ALL
+
 org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version.level = WARNING
 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol.level = WARNING
 org.crsh.plugin.level = WARNING

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/java/logging-none.properties

-handlers =
-.level = INFO
-
-org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version.level = WARNING
-org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol.level = WARNING
-org.crsh.plugin.level = WARNING
-org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool.level = WARNING
-org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory.level = SEVERE
-org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.level = SEVERE
-org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle.level = SEVERE

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j/basic-log4j.properties

-log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE
-
-PID=????
-LOG_PATTERN=[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] boot%X{context} - ${PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n
-
-# CONSOLE is set to be a ConsoleAppender using a PatternLayout.
-log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
-log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
-log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=${LOG_PATTERN}
-
-log4j.category.org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version=WARN
-log4j.category.org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol=WARN
-log4j.category.org.crsh.plugin=WARN
-log4j.category.org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool=WARN
-log4j.category.org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory=ERROR
-log4j.category.org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase=ERROR
-log4j.category.org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle=ERROR

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j/log4j-file-console.properties

-log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE, FILE
-
-PID=????
-LOG_PATH=${java.io.tmpdir}
-LOG_FILE=${LOG_PATH}/spring.log
-LOG_PATTERN=[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] boot%X{context} - ${PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n
-
-# CONSOLE is set to be a ConsoleAppender using a PatternLayout.
-log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
-log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
-log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=${LOG_PATTERN}
-
-log4j.appender.FILE=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
-log4j.appender.FILE.File=${LOG_FILE}
-log4j.appender.FILE.MaxFileSize=10MB
-log4j.appender.FILE.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
-log4j.appender.FILE.layout.ConversionPattern=${LOG_PATTERN}
-
-log4j.category.org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version=WARN
-log4j.category.org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol=WARN
-log4j.category.org.crsh.plugin=WARN
-log4j.category.org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool=WARN
-log4j.category.org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory=ERROR
-log4j.category.org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase=ERROR
-log4j.category.org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle=ERROR

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j/log4j-file.properties

-log4j.rootCategory=INFO,FILE
+log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE, FILE
 
 PID=????
 LOG_PATH=${java.io.tmpdir}
 LOG_FILE=${LOG_PATH}/spring.log
 LOG_PATTERN=[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] boot%X{context} - ${PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n
 
+# CONSOLE is set to be a ConsoleAppender using a PatternLayout.
+log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
+log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=${LOG_PATTERN}
+
 log4j.appender.FILE=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
 log4j.appender.FILE.File=${LOG_FILE}
 log4j.appender.FILE.MaxFileSize=10MB
 log4j.appender.FILE.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
 log4j.appender.FILE.layout.ConversionPattern=${LOG_PATTERN}
 
-log4j.category.org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version=WARN
-log4j.category.org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol=WARN
-log4j.category.org.crsh.plugin=WARN
-log4j.category.org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool=WARN
 log4j.category.org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory=ERROR
 log4j.category.org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase=ERROR
+log4j.category.org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol=WARN
+log4j.category.org.apache.sshd.common.util.SecurityUtils
+log4j.category.org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool=WARN
+log4j.category.org.crsh.plugin=WARN
+log4j.category.org.crsh.ssh=WARN
 log4j.category.org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle=ERROR
+log4j.category.org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version=WARN
+log4j.category.org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.CrshAutoConfiguration=WARN
+log4j.category.org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.jmx=WARN
+log4j.category.org.thymeleaf=WARN
+

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j/log4j-none.properties

-log4j.rootCategory=INFO
-
-PID=????
-LOG_PATH=${java.io.tmpdir}
-LOG_FILE=${LOG_PATH}/spring.log
-LOG_PATTERN=[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] boot%X{context} - ${PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n
-
-
-log4j.category.org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version=WARN
-log4j.category.org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol=WARN
-log4j.category.org.crsh.plugin=WARN
-log4j.category.org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool=WARN
-log4j.category.org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory=ERROR
-log4j.category.org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase=ERROR
-log4j.category.org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle=ERROR

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j/log4j.properties

 log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE
 
 PID=????
-LOG_PATH=${java.io.tmpdir}
-LOG_FILE=${LOG_PATH}/spring.log
 LOG_PATTERN=[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] boot%X{context} - ${PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n
 
 # CONSOLE is set to be a ConsoleAppender using a PatternLayout.
@@ -10,11 +8,15 @@ log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
 log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
 log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=${LOG_PATTERN}
 
-
-log4j.category.org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version=WARN
-log4j.category.org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol=WARN
-log4j.category.org.crsh.plugin=WARN
-log4j.category.org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool=WARN
 log4j.category.org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory=ERROR
 log4j.category.org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase=ERROR
+log4j.category.org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol=WARN
+log4j.category.org.apache.sshd.common.util.SecurityUtils
+log4j.category.org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool=WARN
+log4j.category.org.crsh.plugin=WARN
+log4j.category.org.crsh.ssh=WARN
 log4j.category.org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle=ERROR
+log4j.category.org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version=WARN
+log4j.category.org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.CrshAutoConfiguration=WARN
+log4j.category.org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.jmx=WARN
+log4j.category.org.thymeleaf=WARN

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/basic-log4j2.xml

-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<Configuration status="WARN">
-    <Properties>
-        <Property name="PID">????</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_PATTERN">[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] boot%X{context} - ${sys:PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n</Property>
-    </Properties>
-    <Appenders>
-        <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT" follow="true">
-            <PatternLayout pattern="${LOG_PATTERN}"/>
-        </Console>
-    </Appenders>
-    <Loggers>
-        <Logger name="org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.crsh.plugin" level="WARN" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory" level="error" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase" level="error" />
-        <Logger name="org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle" level="error" />
-
-        <Root level="info">
-            <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
-        </Root>
-    </Loggers>
-</Configuration>

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/log4j2-file-console.xml

-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<Configuration status="WARN">
-    <Properties>
-        <Property name="PID">????</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_PATH">/tmp</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_FILE">${sys:LOG_PATH}/spring.log</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_PATTERN">[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] boot%X{context} - ${sys:PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n</Property>
-    </Properties>
-    <Appenders>
-        <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT" follow="true">
-            <PatternLayout pattern="${LOG_PATTERN}"/>
-        </Console>
-        <RollingFile name="File" fileName="${sys:LOG_FILE}"
-                     filePattern="logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/app-%d{yyyy-MM-dd-HH}-%i.log.gz">
-            <PatternLayout>
-                <Pattern>${LOG_PATTERN}</Pattern>
-            </PatternLayout>
-            <Policies>
-                <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="10 MB"/>
-            </Policies>
-        </RollingFile>
-    </Appenders>
-    <Loggers>
-        <Logger name="org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.crsh.plugin" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory" level="error" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase" level="error" />
-        <Logger name="org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle" level="error" />
-
-        <Root level="info">
-            <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
-            <AppenderRef ref="File"/>
-        </Root>
-    </Loggers>
-</Configuration>

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/log4j2-file.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <Configuration status="WARN">
-    <Properties>
-        <Property name="PID">????</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_PATH">/tmp</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_FILE">${sys:LOG_PATH}/spring.log</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_PATTERN">[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] boot%X{context} - ${sys:PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n</Property>
-    </Properties>
-    <Appenders>
-        <RollingFile name="File" fileName="${sys:LOG_FILE}"
-                     filePattern="logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/app-%d{yyyy-MM-dd-HH}-%i.log.gz">
-            <PatternLayout>
-                <Pattern>${LOG_PATTERN}</Pattern>
-            </PatternLayout>
-            <Policies>
-                <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="10 MB"/>
-            </Policies>
-        </RollingFile>
-    </Appenders>
-    <Loggers>
-        <Logger name="org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.crsh.plugin" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory" level="error" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase" level="error" />
-        <Logger name="org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle" level="error" />
-
-        <Root level="info">
-            <AppenderRef ref="File"/>
-        </Root>
-    </Loggers>
+	<Properties>
+		<Property name="PID">????</Property>
+		<Property name="LOG_PATTERN">[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] boot%X{context} - ${sys:PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n</Property>
+	</Properties>
+	<Appenders>
+		<Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT" follow="true">
+			<PatternLayout pattern="${LOG_PATTERN}" />
+		</Console>
+		<RollingFile name="File" fileName="${sys:LOG_FILE}" filePattern="logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/app-%d{yyyy-MM-dd-HH}-%i.log.gz">
+			<PatternLayout>
+				<Pattern>${LOG_PATTERN}</Pattern>
+			</PatternLayout>
+			<Policies>
+				<SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="10 MB" />
+			</Policies>
+		</RollingFile>
+	</Appenders>
+	<Loggers>
+		<Logger name="org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory" level="error" />
+		<Logger name="org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase" level="error" />
+		<Logger name="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" level="warn" />
+		<logger name="org.apache.sshd.common.util.SecurityUtils" level="warn"/>
+		<Logger name="org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool" level="warn" />
+		<Logger name="org.crsh.plugin" level="warn" />
+		<logger name="org.crsh.ssh" level="warn"/>
+		<Logger name="org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle" level="error" />
+		<Logger name="org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version" level="warn" />
+		<logger name="org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.CrshAutoConfiguration" level="warn"/>
+		<logger name="org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.jmx" level="warn"/>
+		<logger name="org.thymeleaf" level="warn"/>
+		<Root level="info">
+			<AppenderRef ref="Console" />
+			<AppenderRef ref="File" />
+		</Root>
+	</Loggers>
 </Configuration>

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/log4j2-none.xml

-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<Configuration status="WARN">
-    <Properties>
-        <Property name="PID">????</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_PATH">/tmp</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_FILE">${sys:LOG_PATH}/spring.log</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_PATTERN">[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] boot%X{context} - ${sys:PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n</Property>
-    </Properties>
-    <Loggers>
-        <Logger name="org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.crsh.plugin" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory" level="error" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase" level="error" />
-        <Logger name="org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle" level="error" />
-
-        <Root level="info">
-        </Root>
-    </Loggers>
-</Configuration>

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/log4j2.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <Configuration status="WARN">
-    <Properties>
-        <Property name="PID">????</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_PATH">/tmp</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_FILE">${sys:LOG_PATH}/spring.log</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_PATTERN">[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] boot%X{context} - ${sys:PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n</Property>
-    </Properties>
-    <Appenders>
-        <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT" follow="true">
-            <PatternLayout pattern="${LOG_PATTERN}"/>
-        </Console>
-    </Appenders>
-    <Loggers>
-        <Logger name="org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.crsh.plugin" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool" level="warn" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory" level="error" />
-        <Logger name="org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase" level="error" />
-        <Logger name="org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle" level="error" />
-
-        <Root level="info">
-            <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
-        </Root>
-    </Loggers>
+	<Properties>
+		<Property name="PID">????</Property>
+		<Property name="LOG_PATTERN">[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] boot%X{context} - ${sys:PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n</Property>
+	</Properties>
+	<Appenders>
+		<Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT" follow="true">
+			<PatternLayout pattern="${LOG_PATTERN}" />
+		</Console>
+	</Appenders>
+	<Loggers>
+		<Logger name="org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory" level="error" />
+		<Logger name="org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase" level="error" />
+		<Logger name="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" level="warn" />
+		<logger name="org.apache.sshd.common.util.SecurityUtils" level="warn"/>
+		<Logger name="org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool" level="warn" />
+		<Logger name="org.crsh.plugin" level="warn" />
+		<logger name="org.crsh.ssh" level="warn"/>
+		<Logger name="org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle" level="error" />
+		<Logger name="org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version" level="warn" />
+		<logger name="org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.CrshAutoConfiguration" level="warn"/>
+		<logger name="org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.jmx" level="warn"/>
+		<logger name="org.thymeleaf" level="warn"/>
+		<Root level="info">
+			<AppenderRef ref="Console" />
+		</Root>
+	</Loggers>
 </Configuration>

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml

@@ -2,16 +2,28 @@
 <included>
 	<conversionRule conversionWord="clr" converterClass="org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.ColorConverter" />
 	<conversionRule conversionWord="wex" converterClass="org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.WhitespaceThrowableProxyConverter" />
-	
+
 	<property name="CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN" value="%clr(%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}){faint} %clr(%5p) %clr(${PID:- }){magenta} %clr(---){faint} %clr([%15.15t{14}]){faint} %clr(%-40.40logger{39}){cyan} %clr(:){faint} %m%n%wex"/>
-	<appender name="CONSOLE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
-		<encoder>
-			<pattern>${CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN}</pattern>
-			<charset>utf8</charset>
-		</encoder>
+	<property name="FILE_LOG_PATTERN" value="%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} %5p ${PID:- } [%t] --- %-40.40logger{39} : %m%n%wex"/>
+
+	<appender name="DEBUG_LEVEL_REMAPPER" class="org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LevelRemappingAppender">
+		<destinationLogger>org.springframework.boot</destinationLogger>
 	</appender>
-	
-	<root level="INFO">
-		<appender-ref ref="CONSOLE" />
- 	</root>
+
+	<logger name="org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory" level="ERROR"/>
+	<logger name="org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase" level="ERROR"/>
+	<logger name="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" level="WARN"/>
+	<logger name="org.apache.sshd.common.util.SecurityUtils" level="WARN"/>
+	<logger name="org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool" level="WARN"/>
+	<logger name="org.crsh.plugin" level="WARN"/>
+	<logger name="org.crsh.ssh" level="WARN"/>
+	<logger name="org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle" level="ERROR"/>
+	<logger name="org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version" level="WARN"/>
+	<logger name="org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.CrshAutoConfiguration" level="WARN"/>
+	<logger name="org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.jmx" additivity="false">
+		<appender-ref ref="DEBUG_LEVEL_REMAPPER"/>
+	</logger>
+	<logger name="org.thymeleaf" additivity="false">
+		<appender-ref ref="DEBUG_LEVEL_REMAPPER"/>
+	</logger>
 </included>

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/basic-logback.xml

-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<configuration>
-	<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml" />
-</configuration>

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/console-appender.xml

+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<included>
+	<appender name="CONSOLE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
+		<encoder>
+			<pattern>${CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN}</pattern>
+			<charset>utf8</charset>
+		</encoder>
+	</appender>
+</included>

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base-file.xml → spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/file-appender.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <included>
-	<conversionRule conversionWord="wex" converterClass="org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.WhitespaceThrowableProxyConverter" />
-	<property name="LOG_FILE" value="${LOG_FILE:-${LOG_PATH:-${LOG_TEMP:-${java.io.tmpdir:-/tmp}}/}spring.log}"/>
-	<property name="FILE_LOG_PATTERN" value="%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} %5p ${PID:- } [%t] --- %-40.40logger{39} : %m%n%wex"/>
 	<appender name="FILE"
 		class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
 		<encoder>
@@ -17,7 +14,4 @@
 			<MaxFileSize>10MB</MaxFileSize>
 		</triggeringPolicy>
 	</appender>
-	<root level="INFO">
-		<appender-ref ref="FILE" />
- 	</root>
 </included>

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/logback-file-console.xml

-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<configuration>
- 	<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base-file.xml"/>
- 	<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml"/>
-</configuration>

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/logback-file.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <configuration>
- 	<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base-file.xml"/>
+	<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml"/>
+	<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/console-appender.xml"/>
+	<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/file-appender.xml"/>
+
+	<root level="INFO">
+		<appender-ref ref="CONSOLE" />
+		<appender-ref ref="FILE" />
+ 	</root>
+
 </configuration>

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/logback-none.xml

-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<configuration>
-	<root level="INFO">
- 	</root>
-</configuration>

spring-boot/src/main/resources/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/logback.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <configuration>
 	<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml"/>
+	<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/console-appender.xml"/>
+	<root level="INFO">
+		<appender-ref ref="CONSOLE" />
+ 	</root>
 </configuration>

spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/AbstractLoggingSystemTests.java

+/*
+ * Copyright 2012-2014 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.boot.logging;
+
+import java.io.File;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
+
+/**
+ * Base for {@link LoggingSystem} tests.
+ *
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ */
+public abstract class AbstractLoggingSystemTests {
+
+	@Before
+	public void deleteTempLog() {
+		new File(tmpDir() + "/spring.log").delete();
+	}
+
+	@After
+	public void clear() {
+		System.clearProperty("LOG_FILE");
+		System.clearProperty("PID");
+	}
+
+	protected final String tmpDir() {
+		String path = StringUtils.cleanPath(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));
+		if (path.endsWith("/")) {
+			path = path.substring(0, path.length() - 1);
+		}
+		return path;
+	}
+
+}

spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/LoggingApplicationListenerTests.java

@@ -106,17 +106,6 @@ public class LoggingApplicationListenerTests {
 		assertFalse(new File(tmpDir() + "/spring.log").exists());
 	}
 
-	@Test
-	public void noConsole() {
-		EnvironmentTestUtils.addEnvironment(this.context, "logging.console: false");
-		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(),
-				this.context.getClassLoader());
-		this.logger.info("Hello world");
-		String output = this.outputCapture.toString().trim();
-		assertFalse("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
-		assertFalse(new File(tmpDir() + "/spring.log").exists());
-	}
-
 	@Test
 	public void overrideConfigLocation() {
 		EnvironmentTestUtils.addEnvironment(this.context,
@@ -127,7 +116,8 @@ public class LoggingApplicationListenerTests {
 		String output = this.outputCapture.toString().trim();
 		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
 		assertFalse("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("???"));
-		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.startsWith(tmpDir() + "/tmp.log"));
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.startsWith("LOG_FILE_IS_UNDEFINED"));
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.endsWith("BOOTBOOT"));
 	}
 
 	@Test
@@ -178,7 +168,7 @@ public class LoggingApplicationListenerTests {
 		Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(LoggingApplicationListenerTests.class);
 		logger.info("Hello world");
 		String output = this.outputCapture.toString().trim();
-		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.startsWith("target/foo/tmp.log"));
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.startsWith("target/foo/spring.log"));
 	}
 
 	@Test

spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/java/JavaLoggerSystemTests.java

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package org.springframework.boot.logging.java;
 
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileFilter;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Locale;
 
@@ -24,12 +26,15 @@ import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.AbstractLoggingSystemTests;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.LogLevel;
 import org.springframework.boot.test.OutputCapture;
 import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.greaterThan;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 
@@ -37,8 +42,18 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
  * Tests for {@link JavaLoggingSystem}.
  *
  * @author Dave Syer
+ * @author Phillip Webb
  */
-public class JavaLoggerSystemTests {
+public class JavaLoggerSystemTests extends AbstractLoggingSystemTests {
+
+	private static final FileFilter SPRING_LOG_FILTER = new FileFilter() {
+
+		@Override
+		public boolean accept(File pathname) {
+			return pathname.getName().startsWith("spring.log");
+		}
+
+	};
 
 	private final JavaLoggingSystem loggingSystem = new JavaLoggingSystem(getClass()
 			.getClassLoader());
@@ -58,17 +73,43 @@ public class JavaLoggerSystemTests {
 	}
 
 	@After
-	public void clear() {
-		System.clearProperty("LOG_FILE");
-		System.clearProperty("LOG_PATH");
-		System.clearProperty("PID");
+	public void clearLocale() {
 		Locale.setDefault(this.defaultLocale);
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	public void noFile() throws Exception {
+		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
+		this.logger.info("Hidden");
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, null);
+		this.logger.info("Hello world");
+		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
+		assertFalse("Output not hidden:\n" + output, output.contains("Hidden"));
+		assertFalse(new File(tmpDir() + "/spring.log").exists());
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	public void withFile() throws Exception {
+		File temp = new File(tmpDir());
+		File[] logFiles = temp.listFiles(SPRING_LOG_FILTER);
+		for (File file : logFiles) {
+			file.delete();
+		}
+		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
+		this.logger.info("Hidden");
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, tmpDir() + "/spring.log");
+		this.logger.info("Hello world");
+		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
+		assertFalse("Output not hidden:\n" + output, output.contains("Hidden"));
+		assertThat(temp.listFiles(SPRING_LOG_FILTER).length, greaterThan(0));
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	public void testCustomFormatter() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize();
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, null);
 		this.logger.info("Hello world");
 		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
 		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
@@ -79,9 +120,10 @@ public class JavaLoggerSystemTests {
 	public void testSystemPropertyInitializesFormat() throws Exception {
 		System.setProperty("PID", "1234");
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:"
-				+ ClassUtils.addResourcePathToPackagePath(getClass(),
-						"logging.properties"));
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(
+				"classpath:"
+						+ ClassUtils.addResourcePathToPackagePath(getClass(),
+								"logging.properties"), null);
 		this.logger.info("Hello world");
 		this.logger.info("Hello world");
 		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
@@ -92,7 +134,7 @@ public class JavaLoggerSystemTests {
 	@Test
 	public void testNonDefaultConfigLocation() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:logging-nondefault.properties");
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:logging-nondefault.properties", null);
 		this.logger.info("Hello world");
 		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
 		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("INFO: Hello"));
@@ -101,19 +143,13 @@ public class JavaLoggerSystemTests {
 	@Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
 	public void testNonexistentConfigLocation() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:logging-nonexistent.properties");
-	}
-
-	@Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
-	public void testNullConfigLocation() throws Exception {
-		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null);
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:logging-nonexistent.properties", null);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	public void setLevel() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize();
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, null);
 		this.logger.debug("Hello");
 		this.loggingSystem.setLogLevel("org.springframework.boot", LogLevel.DEBUG);
 		this.logger.debug("Hello");

spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j/Log4JLoggingSystemTests.java

@@ -16,17 +16,20 @@
 
 package org.springframework.boot.logging.log4j;
 
+import java.io.File;
+
 import org.apache.commons.logging.impl.Log4JLogger;
-import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Ignore;
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.AbstractLoggingSystemTests;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.LogLevel;
 import org.springframework.boot.test.OutputCapture;
 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 
@@ -35,7 +38,7 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
  *
  * @author Phillip Webb
  */
-public class Log4JLoggingSystemTests {
+public class Log4JLoggingSystemTests extends AbstractLoggingSystemTests {
 
 	@Rule
 	public OutputCapture output = new OutputCapture();
@@ -50,39 +53,52 @@ public class Log4JLoggingSystemTests {
 		this.logger = new Log4JLogger(getClass().getName());
 	}
 
-	@After
-	public void clear() {
-		System.clearProperty("LOG_FILE");
-		System.clearProperty("LOG_PATH");
-		System.clearProperty("PID");
+	@Test
+	public void noFile() throws Exception {
+		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
+		this.logger.info("Hidden");
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, null);
+		this.logger.info("Hello world");
+		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
+		assertFalse("Output not hidden:\n" + output, output.contains("Hidden"));
+		assertFalse(new File(tmpDir() + "/spring.log").exists());
 	}
 
 	@Test
-	public void testNonDefaultConfigLocation() throws Exception {
+	public void withFile() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:log4j-nondefault.properties");
+		this.logger.info("Hidden");
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, tmpDir() + "/spring.log");
 		this.logger.info("Hello world");
 		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
 		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
-		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("/tmp/spring.log"));
+		assertFalse("Output not hidden:\n" + output, output.contains("Hidden"));
+		assertTrue(new File(tmpDir() + "/spring.log").exists());
 	}
 
-	@Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
-	public void testNonexistentConfigLocation() throws Exception {
+	@Test
+	public void testNonDefaultConfigLocation() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:log4j-nonexistent.xml");
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:log4j-nondefault.properties", tmpDir()
+				+ "/spring.log");
+		this.logger.info("Hello world");
+		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains(tmpDir() + "/spring.log"));
+		assertFalse(new File(tmpDir() + "/tmp.log").exists());
 	}
 
-	@Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
-	public void testNullConfigLocation() throws Exception {
+	@Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
+	public void testNonexistentConfigLocation() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null);
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:log4j-nonexistent.xml", null);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	public void setLevel() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize();
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, null);
 		this.logger.debug("Hello");
 		this.loggingSystem.setLogLevel("org.springframework.boot", LogLevel.DEBUG);
 		this.logger.debug("Hello");
@@ -94,7 +110,7 @@ public class Log4JLoggingSystemTests {
 	@Ignore("Fails on Bamboo")
 	public void loggingThatUsesJulIsCaptured() {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize();
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, null);
 		java.util.logging.Logger julLogger = java.util.logging.Logger
 				.getLogger(getClass().getName());
 		julLogger.severe("Hello world");

spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/Log4J2LoggingSystemTests.java

@@ -16,18 +16,21 @@
 
 package org.springframework.boot.logging.log4j2;
 
+import java.io.File;
+
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
-import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Ignore;
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.AbstractLoggingSystemTests;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.LogLevel;
 import org.springframework.boot.test.OutputCapture;
 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 
@@ -35,8 +38,9 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
  * Tests for {@link Log4J2LoggingSystem}.
  *
  * @author Daniel Fullarton
+ * @author Phillip Webb
  */
-public class Log4J2LoggingSystemTests {
+public class Log4J2LoggingSystemTests extends AbstractLoggingSystemTests {
 
 	@Rule
 	public OutputCapture output = new OutputCapture();
@@ -51,39 +55,52 @@ public class Log4J2LoggingSystemTests {
 		this.logger = LogManager.getLogger(getClass());
 	}
 
-	@After
-	public void clear() {
-		System.clearProperty("LOG_FILE");
-		System.clearProperty("LOG_PATH");
-		System.clearProperty("PID");
+	@Test
+	public void noFile() throws Exception {
+		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
+		this.logger.info("Hidden");
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, null);
+		this.logger.info("Hello world");
+		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
+		assertFalse("Output not hidden:\n" + output, output.contains("Hidden"));
+		assertFalse(new File(tmpDir() + "/spring.log").exists());
 	}
 
 	@Test
-	public void testNonDefaultConfigLocation() throws Exception {
+	public void withFile() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:log4j2-nondefault.xml");
+		this.logger.info("Hidden");
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, tmpDir() + "/spring.log");
 		this.logger.info("Hello world");
 		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
 		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
-		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("/tmp/spring.log"));
+		assertFalse("Output not hidden:\n" + output, output.contains("Hidden"));
+		assertTrue(new File(tmpDir() + "/spring.log").exists());
 	}
 
-	@Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
-	public void testNonexistentConfigLocation() throws Exception {
+	@Test
+	public void testNonDefaultConfigLocation() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:log4j2-nonexistent.xml");
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:log4j2-nondefault.xml", tmpDir()
+				+ "/tmp.log");
+		this.logger.info("Hello world");
+		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains(tmpDir() + "/tmp.log"));
+		assertFalse(new File(tmpDir() + "/tmp.log").exists());
 	}
 
-	@Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
-	public void testNullConfigLocation() throws Exception {
+	@Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
+	public void testNonexistentConfigLocation() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null);
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:log4j2-nonexistent.xml", null);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	public void setLevel() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize();
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, null);
 		this.logger.debug("Hello");
 		this.loggingSystem.setLogLevel("org.springframework.boot", LogLevel.DEBUG);
 		this.logger.debug("Hello");
@@ -95,7 +112,7 @@ public class Log4J2LoggingSystemTests {
 	@Ignore("Fails on Bamboo")
 	public void loggingThatUsesJulIsCaptured() {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize();
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, null);
 		java.util.logging.Logger julLogger = java.util.logging.Logger
 				.getLogger(getClass().getName());
 		julLogger.severe("Hello world");

spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/LogbackLoggingSystemTests.java

@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ import java.io.File;
 
 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
 import org.apache.commons.logging.impl.SLF4JLogFactory;
-import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.slf4j.ILoggerFactory;
 import org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.AbstractLoggingSystemTests;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.LogLevel;
 import org.springframework.boot.test.OutputCapture;
 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
@@ -43,8 +43,9 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
  * Tests for {@link LogbackLoggingSystem}.
  *
  * @author Dave Syer
+ * @author Phillip Webb
  */
-public class LogbackLoggingSystemTests {
+public class LogbackLoggingSystemTests extends AbstractLoggingSystemTests {
 
 	@Rule
 	public OutputCapture output = new OutputCapture();
@@ -57,22 +58,30 @@ public class LogbackLoggingSystemTests {
 	@Before
 	public void setup() {
 		this.logger = new SLF4JLogFactory().getInstance(getClass().getName());
-		new File(tmpDir() + "/spring.log").delete();
 	}
 
-	private String tmpDir() {
-		String path = StringUtils.cleanPath(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));
-		if (path.endsWith("/")) {
-			path = path.substring(0, path.length() - 1);
-		}
-		return path;
+	@Test
+	public void noFile() throws Exception {
+		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
+		this.logger.info("Hidden");
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, null);
+		this.logger.info("Hello world");
+		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
+		assertFalse("Output not hidden:\n" + output, output.contains("Hidden"));
+		assertFalse(new File(tmpDir() + "/spring.log").exists());
 	}
 
-	@After
-	public void clear() {
-		System.clearProperty("LOG_FILE");
-		System.clearProperty("LOG_PATH");
-		System.clearProperty("PID");
+	@Test
+	public void withFile() throws Exception {
+		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
+		this.logger.info("Hidden");
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, tmpDir() + "/spring.log");
+		this.logger.info("Hello world");
+		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
+		assertFalse("Output not hidden:\n" + output, output.contains("Hidden"));
+		assertTrue(new File(tmpDir() + "/spring.log").exists());
 	}
 
 	@Test
@@ -87,31 +96,26 @@ public class LogbackLoggingSystemTests {
 	@Test
 	public void testNonDefaultConfigLocation() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:logback-nondefault.xml");
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:logback-nondefault.xml", tmpDir()
+				+ "/tmp.log");
 		this.logger.info("Hello world");
 		String output = this.output.toString().trim();
 		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains("Hello world"));
-		assertTrue("Wrong output (not " + tmpDir() + " :\n" + output,
-				output.contains(tmpDir() + "/tmp.log"));
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.contains(tmpDir() + "/tmp.log"));
+		assertTrue("Wrong output:\n" + output, output.endsWith("BOOTBOOT"));
 		assertFalse(new File(tmpDir() + "/tmp.log").exists());
 	}
 
 	@Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
 	public void testNonexistentConfigLocation() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:logback-nonexistent.xml");
-	}
-
-	@Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
-	public void testNullConfigLocation() throws Exception {
-		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null);
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize("classpath:logback-nonexistent.xml", null);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	public void setLevel() throws Exception {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize();
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, null);
 		this.logger.debug("Hello");
 		this.loggingSystem.setLogLevel("org.springframework.boot", LogLevel.DEBUG);
 		this.logger.debug("Hello");
@@ -122,7 +126,7 @@ public class LogbackLoggingSystemTests {
 	@Test
 	public void loggingThatUsesJulIsCaptured() {
 		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
-		this.loggingSystem.initialize();
+		this.loggingSystem.initialize(null, null);
 		java.util.logging.Logger julLogger = java.util.logging.Logger
 				.getLogger(getClass().getName());
 		julLogger.info("Hello world");

spring-boot/src/test/resources/log4j-nondefault.properties

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ log4j.reset=true
 log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE
 
 PID=????
-LOG_PATH=/tmp
-LOG_FILE=${LOG_PATH}/spring.log
 LOG_PATTERN=${LOG_FILE} %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] service%X{context} - ${PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n
 
 # CONSOLE is set to be a ConsoleAppender using a PatternLayout.

spring-boot/src/test/resources/log4j2-nondefault.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <Configuration status="WARN">
-    <Properties>
-        <Property name="PID">????</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_PATH">/tmp</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_FILE">${sys:LOG_PATH}/spring.log</Property>
-        <Property name="LOG_PATTERN">${sys:LOG_FILE} %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] service%X{context} - ${sys:PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n</Property>
-    </Properties>
-    <Appenders>
-        <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT" follow="true">
-            <PatternLayout pattern="${LOG_PATTERN}"/>
-        </Console>
-    </Appenders>
-    <Loggers>
-        <Root level="info">
-            <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
-        </Root>
-    </Loggers>
-</Configuration>
+	<Properties>
+		<Property name="PID">????</Property>
+		<Property name="LOG_PATTERN">${sys:LOG_FILE} %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] service%X{context} - ${sys:PID} %5p [%t] --- %c{1}: %m%n</Property>
+	</Properties>
+	<Appenders>
+		<Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT" follow="true">
+			<PatternLayout pattern="${LOG_PATTERN}"/>
+		</Console>
+	</Appenders>
+	<Loggers>
+		<Root level="info">
+			<AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
+		</Root>
+	</Loggers>
+</Configuration>
\ No newline at end of file

spring-boot/src/test/resources/logback-nondefault.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <configuration>
-	<property name="LOG_FILE" value="${LOG_FILE:-${LOG_PATH:-${LOG_TEMP:-${java.io.tmpdir:-/tmp}}/}tmp.log}"/>
 	<appender name="CONSOLE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
 		<encoder>
-			<pattern>${LOG_FILE} [%t] ${PID:-????} %c{1}: %m%n</pattern>
+			<pattern>${LOG_FILE} [%t] ${PID:-????} %c{1}: %m%n BOOTBOOT</pattern>
 		</encoder>
 	</appender>
 	<root level="INFO">