When a custom buildpack is provided for image building, the contents
of the buildpack directory, tgz file, or image are copied as tar
entries to a new layer in the ephemeral builder image. Prior to this
commit, only file entries from the buildpack source were copied as
builder layer tar entries; intermediate directory entries from the
source were not copied. This results in directories being created in
the builder container using default permissions. This worked on most
Linux-like OSs where the default permissions allow others-read
access. On some OSs like Arch Linux where the default directory
permissions do not allow others-read, this prevented the lifecycle
processes from reading the buildpack files.

This commit explicitly creates all intermediate directory tar entries
in the builder image layer to ensure that the buildpack directories
and files can be read by the lifecycle processes.

Fixes gh-26658

Closes gh-26739

Closes gh-26738

This commit aligns int and long so that a random number is generated
by delegating to ints/longs in the JDK's Random API. In the case of a
single bound value, it needs to be greater than 0 because 0 is used as
the lower bound.

Fixes gh-26628

Closes gh-26735

Closes gh-26734

Closes gh-26733

Closes gh-26727

Closes gh-26725

Closes gh-26724

Previously, LoggingSystem#get would chose Logback by the sole presence
of a class in logback-core, with the assumption that logback-classic is
also on the classpath. An app that only had the former would therefore
fail.

This commit updates the condition to check for a class in
logback-classic instead.

Closes gh-26711

Closes gh-26717

Closes gh-26716

* pr/26713:
  Remove redudant space

Closes gh-26713

See gh-26713

Closes gh-26703

Closes gh-26702

Update `ImageName` and `ImageReference` to use distinct regex patterns
to parse specific parts of the value. Prior to this commit a single
regex pattern was used which could hang given certain input strings.

Fixes gh-23115

Closes gh-26701

Closes gh-26700

Closes gh-26469

Closes gh-26697

Closes gh-26696

Closes gh-26592

Closes gh-26695

Rename the now public constant for consistency with the JavaPlugin.

See gh-26686

Closes gh-26687

Change `SpringBootPlugin.PRODUCTION_RUNTIME_CLASSPATH_NAME` from package
private to public so that it can be accessed in user build scripts.

Fixes gh-26686

This reverts commit 3f858ed8
since the test already existed.

Closes gh-26679

* pr/26677:
  Test optional directories without sub-directories
  Fix "Allow optional directories without sub-directories"

Closes gh-26677

Add an additional test to ensure that optional wildcard
directory patterns do not fail.

See gh-26677

Fix the update to `resolvePatternEmptyDirectories` introduced in
commit 01dd68e2 which was incorrectly checking `isOptional`.

See gh-26677

Update `ApplicationAvailabilityBean` so that state change logging is
at DEBUG rather than INFO.

Fixes gh-26624

Fix `DataSourceBuilder` so that the type used to access `deriveFrom`
properties is based on the actual instance type rather than the
user-defined type which could have been changed.

Fixes gh-26644

Update `DataSourceBuilder` so that the `driverClassName` may be optional
and silently ignored if it set but the underlying type does not have
a getter/setter.

This restores Spring Boot 2.4 behavior.

Fixes gh-26631
Co-authored-by: Phillip Webb <pwebb@vmware.com>